| Radix | |
|---|---|
| |
| A shell of Radix auricularia | |
Scientific classification
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Subclass: | Heterobranchia |
| Superorder: | Hygrophila |
| Family: | Lymnaeidae |
| Genus: |
Radix Montfort, 1810 [1] |
| Type species | |
| Radix auriculatus Montfort, 1810 | |
| Synonyms [2] | |
| |
Radix is a genus of air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropods in the family Lymnaeidae, the pond snails. [2]
The genus Radix has a Palaearctic distribution. [3]
Phylogeny
Correa et al. (2010) confirmed that the placement of these species within the genus Radix reflected their phylogenetic relationship. [4] A cladogram showing phylogenic relations of species in the genus Radix: [4]
| Radix |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||
The haploid number of chromosomes of all species in the genus Radix is 17 (n=17). [4]
Species
The taxonomic status of certain species in the genus Radix has been disputed. Remigio (2002) reported sequence divergence within the 16S mitochondrial gene of Radix peregra and Radix ovata. [5] Furthermore, the shell morphology and alloenzyme data indicated that Radix peregra and Radix ovata are distinct. [6] [7]
In contrast, Bargues et al. (2001) considered, on the basis of ITS-2 sequence analysis, that R. peregra, R. ovata, and R. balthica are in fact conspecific. [8]
- † Radix (Lytostoma) grammica (Brusina, 1872)
- Radix acuminata (Lamarck, 1822)
- † Radix alta Macaleț, 2000
- † Radix alutae (Jekelius, 1932)
- † Radix amaradica Macaleț, 2000
- Radix ampla (Hartmann, 1821)
- Radix andersoniana (Nevill, 1881)
-
Radix auricularia (Linnaeus, 1758) -
type species
- Radix auricularia japonica Jay, 1857 - at Japanese Wikipedia
- Radix bactriana (Annandale & Prashad, 1919)
- † Radix balatonica (Fuchs, 1870)
- Radix balthica (Linnaeus, 1758)
- † Radix berbestiensis Macaleț, 2000
- † Radix bogdanensis Macaleț, 2000
- Radix brevicauda (G. B. Sowerby II, 1872)
- † Radix calavardensis (Bukowski, 1896)
- † Radix croatica (Gorjanović-Kramberger, 1890)
- † Radix cucuronensis (Fontannes, 1878)
- † Radix dilatata (Noulet, 1854)
- † Radix dilleri (Neumayr, 1883)
- † Radix enzenbachensis Neubauer & Harzhauser in Harzhauser et al., 2014
- † Radix extensa (Gorjanović-Kramberger, 1890)
- Radix gebleri (Middendorff, 1851)
- Radix gedrosiana (Annandale & Prashad, 1919)
- Radix hordeum (Mousson, 1874)
- Radix hubrechti Qian, Yang & He, 2012
- † Radix impressa (Sinzov, 1875)
- Radix iranica (Annandale & Prashad, 1919)
- † Radix jaksici (Brusina, 1902)
- Radix jordii Altaba, 2007
- Radix kamtschatica (Middendorff, 1851)
- † Radix kobelti (Brusina, 1884)
- † Radix korlevici (Brusina, 1884)
- † Radix kurelaci (Brusina, 1902)
- Radix labiata (Rossmässler, 1835)
- † Radix laevigata (Eichwald, 1853)
- Radix lagotis (Schrank, 1803)
- † Radix lazarevici (Brusina, 1902)
- Radix lilli Glöer & Beckmann, 2007 [9]
- Radix linae Altaba, 2007
- Radix luteola (Lamarck, 1822)
- † Radix lytostomopsis (Brusina, 1902)
- † Radix macaleti Neubauer, Harzhauser, Kroh, Georgopoulou & Mandic, 2014
- † Radix marinescui Macaleț, 2000
- † Radix minutissima (Greppin, 1855)
- Radix namucuoensis Qian, Yang & He, 2012
- Radix natalensis (Krauss, 1848) [4]
- † Radix navarroi (Royo Gómez, 1922)
- † Radix novorossica (Sinzov, 1877)
- † Radix obtusissima (Deshayes, 1838)
- Radix ovata (Draparnaud, 1805) = Radix balthica (Linnaeus, 1758)
- † Radix papaianopoli Macaleț, 2000
- † Radix paucispira (Fuchs, 1870)
- Radix peregra (O. F. Müller, 1774) = Radix labiata (Rossmässler, 1835)
- † Radix pergamenica (Oppenheim, 1919)
- Radix persica (Issel, 1865)
- † Radix phrygoovata (Oppenheim, 1919)
- Radix pinteri Schütt, 1974
- † Radix plicata (Sacco, 1884)
- † Radix podarensis Macaleț, 2000
- † Radix pseudoovata (d'Orbigny, 1852)
- Radix relicta Polinski, 1929
- † Radix rippensis (Almera & Bofill y Poch, 1895)
- Radix rubiginosa (Michelin, 1831)
- † Radix simplex (Gorjanović-Kramberger, 1899)
- † Radix socialis (von Zieten, 1832)
- † Radix subauricularia (d'Orbigny, 1852)
- † Radix subinflata (d'Orbigny, 1852)
- † Radix sublimosa (Sinzov, 1875)
- † Radix subovata (von Zieten, 1832)
- † Radix zelli (Hörnes, 1856)
Or instead perhaps:
- R. peregra = R. ovata = R. balthica
- Taxa inquirenda
- Radix middendorffi (W. Dybowski, 1903)
- Species brought into synonymy
- Radix (Radix) dupuyana (Noulet, 1854): synonym of † Galba dupuyiana (Noulet, 1854)
- † Radix (Radix) hyaloleuca (Brusina, 1902): synonym of † Radix korlevici (Brusina, 1884)
- † Radix (Radix) limosa (Linnaeus, 1758): synonym of Radix balthica (Linnaeus, 1758)
- † Radix (Radix) peregra (Müller, 1774): synonym of Radix labiata (Rossmässler, 1835)
- Radix auriculatus Montfort, 1810: synonym of Radix auricularia (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Radix altus Macaleț, 2000: synonym of † Radix alta Macaleț, 2000
- † Radix amaradicus Macaleț, 2000: synonym of † Radix amaradica Macaleț, 2000
- Radix deydieri (Fontannes, 1878): synonym of † Radix cucuronensis (Fontannes, 1878)
- † Radix hyaloleuca (Brusina, 1902): synonym of † Radix korlevici (Brusina, 1884)
- † Radix kuzmici (Brusina, 1897): synonym of † Boskovicia kuzmici Brusina, 1897
- Radix ovata (Draparnaud, 1805): synonym of Radix balthica (Linnaeus, 1758)
- † Radix peregra (O. F. Müller, 1774): synonym of Radix labiata (Rossmässler, 1835)
- † Radix socialis Macaleț, 2000: synonym of † Radix macaleti Neubauer, Harzhauser, Kroh, Georgopoulou & Mandic, 2014
Parasites
Species within the genus Radix are utilized as intermediate hosts by several different trematode species:
- Trichobilharzia spp.
- Fasciola hepatica
- Fasciola gigantica
- Fascioloides magna
- Plagiorchis neomidis
- Haplometra cylindracea
- Echinostoma spp.
References
- ^ Montfort D. de 1810. Conchyliologie systématique, et classification méthodique des coquilles; offrant leurs figures, leur arrangement générique, leurs descriptions caractéristiques, leurs noms; ainsi que leur synonymie en plusieurs langues. Ouvrage destiné à faciliter l'étude des coquilles, ainsi que leur disposition dans les cabinets d'histoire naturelle. Coquilles univalves, non cloisonnées. Tome second. pp. [1-3], 1-676. Paris. (Schoell).
- ^ a b Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. (2013). Radix Montfort, 1810. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=248262 on 2013-06-06
- ^ Pfenninger, M.; Cordellier, M.; Streit, B. (2006). "Comparing the efficacy of morphologic and DNA-based taxonomy in the freshwater gastropod genus Radix (Basommatophora, Pulmonata)". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 6: 100. doi: 10.1186/1471-2148-6-100. PMC 1679812. PMID 17123437.
- ^ a b c d Correa, A. C.; Escobar, J. S.; Durand, P.; Renaud, F. O.; David, P.; Jarne, P.; Pointier, J. P.; Hurtrez-Boussès, S. (2010). "Bridging gaps in the molecular phylogeny of the Lymnaeidae (Gastropoda: Pulmonata), vectors of Fascioliasis". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 10: 381. doi: 10.1186/1471-2148-10-381. PMC 3013105. PMID 21143890.
- ^ Remigio, E. (2002). "Molecular phylogenetic relationships in the aquatic snail genus Lymnaea, the intermediate host of the causative agent of fascioliasis: Insights from broader taxon sampling". Parasitology Research. 88 (7): 687–696. doi: 10.1007/s00436-002-0658-8. PMID 12107463.
- ^ Glöer P., Meier-Brook C., Osterman O. (1987). Süsswassermollusken: ein Bestimmungsschlüssel für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Deutscher Jugendbund für Naturbeobachtung, Hamburg.
- ^ Ward, P. I.; Goater, C. P.; Mikos, M. (1997). "Shell variation in sympatric freshwater Lymnaea peregra and L. ovata (Gastropoda: Lymnaeidae)". Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. 61: 139–149. doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.1997.tb01782.x.
- ^ Bargues, M. D.; Vigo, M.; Horak, P.; Dvorak, J.; Patzner, R. A.; Pointier, J. P.; Jackiewicz, M.; Meier-Brook, C.; Mas-Coma, S. (2001). "European Lymnaeidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda), intermediate hosts of trematodiases, based on nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS-2 sequences". Infection, Genetics and Evolution. 1 (2): 85–107. doi: 10.1016/S1567-1348(01)00019-3. PMID 12798024.
- ^ Glöer P. & Beckmann K.-H. (2007). "Radix lilli n. sp. und drei neue Bithynia-Arten von den Balearen (Gastropoda: Bithyniidae, Lymnaeidae). pp. 163-170. In: Beckmann K.-H.: Die Land- und Süßwassermollusken der Balearischen Inseln. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 255 pp., ISBN 978-3-939767-05-3.
- Vinarski V.M. (2013) One, two, or several? How many lymnaeid genera are there? Ruthenica 23(1): 41-58.
| Radix | |
|---|---|
|
| |
| A shell of Radix auricularia | |
|
Scientific classification
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Subclass: | Heterobranchia |
| Superorder: | Hygrophila |
| Family: | Lymnaeidae |
| Genus: |
Radix Montfort, 1810 [1] |
| Type species | |
| Radix auriculatus Montfort, 1810 | |
| Synonyms [2] | |
| |
Radix is a genus of air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropods in the family Lymnaeidae, the pond snails. [2]
The genus Radix has a Palaearctic distribution. [3]
Phylogeny
Correa et al. (2010) confirmed that the placement of these species within the genus Radix reflected their phylogenetic relationship. [4] A cladogram showing phylogenic relations of species in the genus Radix: [4]
| Radix |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||
The haploid number of chromosomes of all species in the genus Radix is 17 (n=17). [4]
Species
The taxonomic status of certain species in the genus Radix has been disputed. Remigio (2002) reported sequence divergence within the 16S mitochondrial gene of Radix peregra and Radix ovata. [5] Furthermore, the shell morphology and alloenzyme data indicated that Radix peregra and Radix ovata are distinct. [6] [7]
In contrast, Bargues et al. (2001) considered, on the basis of ITS-2 sequence analysis, that R. peregra, R. ovata, and R. balthica are in fact conspecific. [8]
- † Radix (Lytostoma) grammica (Brusina, 1872)
- Radix acuminata (Lamarck, 1822)
- † Radix alta Macaleț, 2000
- † Radix alutae (Jekelius, 1932)
- † Radix amaradica Macaleț, 2000
- Radix ampla (Hartmann, 1821)
- Radix andersoniana (Nevill, 1881)
-
Radix auricularia (Linnaeus, 1758) -
type species
- Radix auricularia japonica Jay, 1857 - at Japanese Wikipedia
- Radix bactriana (Annandale & Prashad, 1919)
- † Radix balatonica (Fuchs, 1870)
- Radix balthica (Linnaeus, 1758)
- † Radix berbestiensis Macaleț, 2000
- † Radix bogdanensis Macaleț, 2000
- Radix brevicauda (G. B. Sowerby II, 1872)
- † Radix calavardensis (Bukowski, 1896)
- † Radix croatica (Gorjanović-Kramberger, 1890)
- † Radix cucuronensis (Fontannes, 1878)
- † Radix dilatata (Noulet, 1854)
- † Radix dilleri (Neumayr, 1883)
- † Radix enzenbachensis Neubauer & Harzhauser in Harzhauser et al., 2014
- † Radix extensa (Gorjanović-Kramberger, 1890)
- Radix gebleri (Middendorff, 1851)
- Radix gedrosiana (Annandale & Prashad, 1919)
- Radix hordeum (Mousson, 1874)
- Radix hubrechti Qian, Yang & He, 2012
- † Radix impressa (Sinzov, 1875)
- Radix iranica (Annandale & Prashad, 1919)
- † Radix jaksici (Brusina, 1902)
- Radix jordii Altaba, 2007
- Radix kamtschatica (Middendorff, 1851)
- † Radix kobelti (Brusina, 1884)
- † Radix korlevici (Brusina, 1884)
- † Radix kurelaci (Brusina, 1902)
- Radix labiata (Rossmässler, 1835)
- † Radix laevigata (Eichwald, 1853)
- Radix lagotis (Schrank, 1803)
- † Radix lazarevici (Brusina, 1902)
- Radix lilli Glöer & Beckmann, 2007 [9]
- Radix linae Altaba, 2007
- Radix luteola (Lamarck, 1822)
- † Radix lytostomopsis (Brusina, 1902)
- † Radix macaleti Neubauer, Harzhauser, Kroh, Georgopoulou & Mandic, 2014
- † Radix marinescui Macaleț, 2000
- † Radix minutissima (Greppin, 1855)
- Radix namucuoensis Qian, Yang & He, 2012
- Radix natalensis (Krauss, 1848) [4]
- † Radix navarroi (Royo Gómez, 1922)
- † Radix novorossica (Sinzov, 1877)
- † Radix obtusissima (Deshayes, 1838)
- Radix ovata (Draparnaud, 1805) = Radix balthica (Linnaeus, 1758)
- † Radix papaianopoli Macaleț, 2000
- † Radix paucispira (Fuchs, 1870)
- Radix peregra (O. F. Müller, 1774) = Radix labiata (Rossmässler, 1835)
- † Radix pergamenica (Oppenheim, 1919)
- Radix persica (Issel, 1865)
- † Radix phrygoovata (Oppenheim, 1919)
- Radix pinteri Schütt, 1974
- † Radix plicata (Sacco, 1884)
- † Radix podarensis Macaleț, 2000
- † Radix pseudoovata (d'Orbigny, 1852)
- Radix relicta Polinski, 1929
- † Radix rippensis (Almera & Bofill y Poch, 1895)
- Radix rubiginosa (Michelin, 1831)
- † Radix simplex (Gorjanović-Kramberger, 1899)
- † Radix socialis (von Zieten, 1832)
- † Radix subauricularia (d'Orbigny, 1852)
- † Radix subinflata (d'Orbigny, 1852)
- † Radix sublimosa (Sinzov, 1875)
- † Radix subovata (von Zieten, 1832)
- † Radix zelli (Hörnes, 1856)
Or instead perhaps:
- R. peregra = R. ovata = R. balthica
- Taxa inquirenda
- Radix middendorffi (W. Dybowski, 1903)
- Species brought into synonymy
- Radix (Radix) dupuyana (Noulet, 1854): synonym of † Galba dupuyiana (Noulet, 1854)
- † Radix (Radix) hyaloleuca (Brusina, 1902): synonym of † Radix korlevici (Brusina, 1884)
- † Radix (Radix) limosa (Linnaeus, 1758): synonym of Radix balthica (Linnaeus, 1758)
- † Radix (Radix) peregra (Müller, 1774): synonym of Radix labiata (Rossmässler, 1835)
- Radix auriculatus Montfort, 1810: synonym of Radix auricularia (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Radix altus Macaleț, 2000: synonym of † Radix alta Macaleț, 2000
- † Radix amaradicus Macaleț, 2000: synonym of † Radix amaradica Macaleț, 2000
- Radix deydieri (Fontannes, 1878): synonym of † Radix cucuronensis (Fontannes, 1878)
- † Radix hyaloleuca (Brusina, 1902): synonym of † Radix korlevici (Brusina, 1884)
- † Radix kuzmici (Brusina, 1897): synonym of † Boskovicia kuzmici Brusina, 1897
- Radix ovata (Draparnaud, 1805): synonym of Radix balthica (Linnaeus, 1758)
- † Radix peregra (O. F. Müller, 1774): synonym of Radix labiata (Rossmässler, 1835)
- † Radix socialis Macaleț, 2000: synonym of † Radix macaleti Neubauer, Harzhauser, Kroh, Georgopoulou & Mandic, 2014
Parasites
Species within the genus Radix are utilized as intermediate hosts by several different trematode species:
- Trichobilharzia spp.
- Fasciola hepatica
- Fasciola gigantica
- Fascioloides magna
- Plagiorchis neomidis
- Haplometra cylindracea
- Echinostoma spp.
References
- ^ Montfort D. de 1810. Conchyliologie systématique, et classification méthodique des coquilles; offrant leurs figures, leur arrangement générique, leurs descriptions caractéristiques, leurs noms; ainsi que leur synonymie en plusieurs langues. Ouvrage destiné à faciliter l'étude des coquilles, ainsi que leur disposition dans les cabinets d'histoire naturelle. Coquilles univalves, non cloisonnées. Tome second. pp. [1-3], 1-676. Paris. (Schoell).
- ^ a b Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. (2013). Radix Montfort, 1810. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=248262 on 2013-06-06
- ^ Pfenninger, M.; Cordellier, M.; Streit, B. (2006). "Comparing the efficacy of morphologic and DNA-based taxonomy in the freshwater gastropod genus Radix (Basommatophora, Pulmonata)". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 6: 100. doi: 10.1186/1471-2148-6-100. PMC 1679812. PMID 17123437.
- ^ a b c d Correa, A. C.; Escobar, J. S.; Durand, P.; Renaud, F. O.; David, P.; Jarne, P.; Pointier, J. P.; Hurtrez-Boussès, S. (2010). "Bridging gaps in the molecular phylogeny of the Lymnaeidae (Gastropoda: Pulmonata), vectors of Fascioliasis". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 10: 381. doi: 10.1186/1471-2148-10-381. PMC 3013105. PMID 21143890.
- ^ Remigio, E. (2002). "Molecular phylogenetic relationships in the aquatic snail genus Lymnaea, the intermediate host of the causative agent of fascioliasis: Insights from broader taxon sampling". Parasitology Research. 88 (7): 687–696. doi: 10.1007/s00436-002-0658-8. PMID 12107463.
- ^ Glöer P., Meier-Brook C., Osterman O. (1987). Süsswassermollusken: ein Bestimmungsschlüssel für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Deutscher Jugendbund für Naturbeobachtung, Hamburg.
- ^ Ward, P. I.; Goater, C. P.; Mikos, M. (1997). "Shell variation in sympatric freshwater Lymnaea peregra and L. ovata (Gastropoda: Lymnaeidae)". Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. 61: 139–149. doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.1997.tb01782.x.
- ^ Bargues, M. D.; Vigo, M.; Horak, P.; Dvorak, J.; Patzner, R. A.; Pointier, J. P.; Jackiewicz, M.; Meier-Brook, C.; Mas-Coma, S. (2001). "European Lymnaeidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda), intermediate hosts of trematodiases, based on nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS-2 sequences". Infection, Genetics and Evolution. 1 (2): 85–107. doi: 10.1016/S1567-1348(01)00019-3. PMID 12798024.
- ^ Glöer P. & Beckmann K.-H. (2007). "Radix lilli n. sp. und drei neue Bithynia-Arten von den Balearen (Gastropoda: Bithyniidae, Lymnaeidae). pp. 163-170. In: Beckmann K.-H.: Die Land- und Süßwassermollusken der Balearischen Inseln. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 255 pp., ISBN 978-3-939767-05-3.
- Vinarski V.M. (2013) One, two, or several? How many lymnaeid genera are there? Ruthenica 23(1): 41-58.