With an estimated population in 2022 of 8,335,897 distributed over 300.46 square miles (778.2 km2), the city is the
most densely populated major city in the United States. New York has more than double the population of
Los Angeles, the nation's second-most populous city. New York is the geographical and demographic center of both the
Northeast megalopolis and the
New York metropolitan area, the largest metropolitan area in the U.S. by both population and
urban area. With more than 20.1 million people in its
metropolitan statistical area and 23.5 million in its
combined statistical area as of 2020, New York City is one of the world's most populous
megacities. The city and its metropolitan area are the premier gateway for legal
immigration to the United States. As many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world. In 2021, the city was home to nearly 3.1 million residents born outside the U.S., the largest foreign-born population of any city in the world. (Full article...)
Jeremy Shu-How Lin (born August 23, 1988) is a Taiwanese-American professional
basketball player for the
New Taipei Kings of the
P. League+ (PLG). He unexpectedly led a winning turnaround with the
New York Knicks of the
National Basketball Association (NBA) during the 2011–12 season, sparking a cultural phenomenon known as "Linsanity". Lin was the first American of Chinese or Taiwanese descent to play in the NBA, and is one of the few
Asian Americans to have played in the league. He is the first Asian American player to win an
NBA championship, having done so with the
Toronto Raptors in 2019.
At first, Lin played sparingly for the Knicks, and he again spent time in the D-League. In February 2012, however, he was promoted to the
starting lineup and led the team on a seven-game winning streak. Lin's stellar play during the season helped the Knicks make the 2012 playoffs; it also catapulted him to international fame. Lin appeared on the covers of Sports Illustrated and Time and was named to the
Time 100 as one of the most influential people in the world. In July 2012, Lin won the
ESPY Award for
Breakthrough Athlete of the Year. (Full article...)
The building consists of a low base that occupies most of the site, as well as a 745-foot-tall (227 m) tower section with smaller floor areas. The
facade is designed in glass and stone, with large signs. The upper stories have dark glass windows, with stone mechanical shafts on all sides of the tower. The lower stories contain a public passageway and retail at ground level, as well as a lobby and Paramount Global's Studio 1515 at the second story. The building was constructed with two theaters: a
Broadway house called the
Minskoff Theatre on the third floor, as well as a cinema in the basement (now an event venue called
Palladium Times Square).
Sam Minskoff and Sons bought the Hotel Astor site in 1966 and initially proposed a 50-story tower without any theaters. Following a series of discussions, the Minskoff Theatre was included in exchange for additional floor area. Construction began on October 10, 1968, and the first tenants moved into the building in May 1971, with the building being completed the next year. One Astor Plaza was originally named for its anchor tenant, the
W. T. Grant retail chain, which only occupied the space until 1976.
Tishman Speyer and the
Equitable Life Assurance Society bought One Astor Plaza in 1984. Tishman Speyer sold its ownership stake in 1990, just before Equitable filed a bankruptcy proceeding against the building, which was withdrawn after a lawsuit.
Viacom leased space at One Astor Plaza starting in 1990, and its successors gradually came to occupy most of the building. SL Green Realty has owned or co-owned the building in some capacity since 2003. (Full article...)
The base contains several small
setbacks, and two towers rise from the eastern side of the base. On Central Park West, the first three stories are clad in
cast stone, and the main entrance consists of three angular bronze archways. The remainder of the facade is made of tan and brown brick, which are arranged to emphasize the vertical lines of the facade. Some of the upper-story apartments contain angular stone balconies, and the tops of the towers are ornamented with sculpted
finials. When the El Dorado opened, it contained 200 apartments with 1,500 rooms, though some apartments have since been split or combined. The main lobby is decorated in marble, and a gym in the building's two basement levels was added in the 1990s.
The El Dorado replaced a pair of apartments that were built in 1902 and also known as the El Dorado. The current apartment complex was constructed from 1929 to 1931 by developer Louis Klosk, who was unable to complete the building after the
Wall Street Crash of 1929. The Central Park Plaza Corporation bought the El Dorado at a
foreclosure auction in 1931. The corporation was taken over by the Pick Hotels Corporation in 1943, then by Hugh K. McGovern in January 1953. The building was then sold in May 1953 to pastor
Charles M. "Daddy" Grace, whose estate sold the building in 1960 to Alexander Gross. The El Dorado became a housing cooperative in July 1982, and several parts of the building were upgraded, despite disagreement among tenants. (Full article...)
The Asser Levy Public Baths, the recreation center's main building, was designed by
Arnold W. Brunner and
Martin Aiken. Its main entrance on Asser Levy Place consists of two large arches flanked by pairs of columns. Inside are recreational rooms, a swimming pool, and lockers. It originally had separate waiting rooms and showers for men and women, though the waiting rooms were subsequently combined and the showers relocated. Outdoor recreational facilities, including additional swimming pools and the playground, surround the bathhouse.
The bathhouse was built in 1905–1908 to alleviate sanitary problems in the city and was transferred to the
New York City Department of Parks and Recreation (NYC Parks) in 1938. Originally known as the East 23rd Street Baths, it was renamed for Levy in the mid-20th century. The building was designated a
New York City landmark in 1974 and added to the
National Register of Historic Places in 1980. It was restored by NYC Parks in 1988–1990, and the other recreational facilities were built in 1993 and 2014. (Full article...)
Image 5
A National Airlines DC-6B (sister ship to accident aircraft)
National Airlines Flight 2511 was a United States domestic passenger flight from
New York City to
Miami, Florida. On January 6, 1960, the
Douglas DC-6 serving the flight exploded in midair. The
National Airlines aircraft was carrying 5 crew members and 29 passengers, all of whom perished. The
Civil Aeronautics Board investigation concluded that the plane was brought down by a
bomb made of
dynamite. No criminal charges were ever filed, nor was the blame for the bombing ever determined, though a
suicide bombing is suspected. The investigation remains open.
The Broad Exchange Building is either 20 or 21 stories tall. its
articulation consists of three horizontal sections similar to the components of a
column, namely a base, shaft, and
capital. The lowest three stories of the facade are clad with
rusticated granite blocks; the fourteen-story shaft is clad with brick; and the top stories are clad with
granite and
terracotta, topped by a copper
cornice. Inside, the building originally contained office space, but , has 307 residential units. With 326,500 square feet (30,330 m2) of rental space in total, the Broad Exchange Building was Manhattan's largest office building upon its completion.
Due to the Broad Exchange Building's proximity to the
New York Stock Exchange Building, many financial firms sought space in the building. The Broad Exchange Building was sold off numerous times in the late 20th and early 21st centuries. The Broad Exchange Building was gutted and renovated into apartments in the late 1990s, and a southern wing of the building was demolished in the early 21st century. The building was added to the
National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in 1998, and was designated a city landmark by the
New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission in 2000. It is also a contributing property to the
Wall Street Historic District, a NRHP district created in 2007. (Full article...)
In August 1954 Hall joined the
Western Development Division as the chief of Propulsion Development, and directed the development of engines for the
Atlas,
Titan and
Thor missiles. In 1957 he was the director of the Thor development program and supervised the
installation of Thor missiles in the UK. He also headed the Minuteman project, and then went to Europe, where, at the urging of the Pentagon, he started the French
Diamant missile project, a nuclear warhead-carrying IRBM which was central to President
De Gaulle's desire for France to have an independent nuclear force separate from the
US and
NATO. (Full article...)
Image 8
750 Seventh Avenue is a 36-story office building in the
Midtown Manhattan neighborhood of
New York City. The building was designed by
Kevin Roche of
Roche-Dinkeloo and developed by David and Jean Solomon. 750 Seventh Avenue occupies a site on the north side of 49th Street between
Broadway and
Seventh Avenue. Since 1994, the building has mostly been occupied by the offices of financial services company
Morgan Stanley. The building contains a black glass
facade with large signs as well as etched-glass panels. On the upper stories, the exterior has
setbacks in a spiral pattern, which terminate in an offset glass pinnacle. When the building opened, several critics compared its design to a smokestack and to a glass pyramid.
Solomon Equities had developed 750 Seventh Avenue as a
speculative development in 1989 on the site of the Rivoli Theatre, a movie theater. When the building was completed, it had no tenants until the law firm Olwine, Connelly, Chase, O'Donnell & Wehyer leased space in April 1990. Olwine Connelly disbanded in 1991 without ever paying rent, and the Solomons placed the building into bankruptcy shortly afterward. The building was taken over by a consortium of banks, who leased some space to law firm Mendes & Mount and accounting firm
Ernst & Young. Morgan Stanley bought the building in 1994 to supplement its space at nearby
1585 Broadway. Real-estate firm
Hines and the General Motors Pension Fund bought 750 Seventh Avenue in 2000 and resold it in 2011 to Fosterlane Management. (Full article...)
The neoclassical facade is simple in design and is similar to that of the
Schoenfeld (formerly Plymouth) Theatre, which was developed concurrently. The Broadhurst's facade is made of
buff-colored brick and
terracotta and is divided into two sections: a stage house to the west and the theater's entrance to the east. The entrance is topped by fire-escape galleries and contains a curved corner facing east toward
Broadway. The auditorium contains an orchestra level, a large balcony, a small technical gallery, and a flat ceiling. The space is decorated in the classical Greek and
Adam styles, with
Doric columns and Greek
friezes. Near the front of the auditorium, flanking the flat
proscenium arch, are
box seats at balcony level.
The Shubert brothers developed the Broadhurst and Plymouth theaters following the success of the
Booth and
Shubert theaters directly to the east. The Broadhurst Theatre opened on September 27, 1917, with Misalliance; its namesake had intended to use the theater for his own productions. The Shuberts acquired full control of the Broadhurst in 1929 and have operated it since then. The theater has hosted not only musicals but also revues, comedies, and dramas throughout its history. Long-running shows hosted at the Broadhurst have included Hold Everything!, Fiorello!, Cabaret, Grease, Kiss of the Spider Woman, Les Misérables, and Mamma Mia!. (Full article...)
Image 11
Broderick in 1927
Johnny Broderick (January 16, 1896 (some sources say 1894, 1895, or 1897) – January 16, 1966) was a
New York City Police Departmentdetective who became known in the 1920s and 1930s as one of the city's toughest officers, patrolling the
Broadway Theater District and policing strikes as head of the NYPD's Industrial Squad, sometimes personally beating gangsters and suspects.
In his career as a detective between 1923 and 1947, Broderick built a reputation for physical courage, for assaulting gangsters like
Jack "Legs" Diamond and
"Two-Gun" Crowley, and for facing down armed gunmen in a prison break at
The Tombs prison.
Broderick was a "celebrity detective" whose exploits were a favorite of gossip columnists and the press. He and his sometime partner
Johnny Cordes were probably the best known officers in the NYPD in
the era between the two world wars. A character based on Broderick was the subject of the 1936 film Bullets or Ballots, with the Broderick character played by
Edward G. Robinson. He was also portrayed in a comic book about police, and a film, TV series, and Broadway musical based on his life were once contemplated. (Full article...)
The station contains two tracks and two
side platforms, connected by an overhead mezzanine. It opened in October 1989 with the opening of the 63rd Street Line. From its opening until 2001, this was the terminal of the line, although it was not originally intended as a terminal station. The 63rd Street Line was originally part of a plan for a Queens Bypass Line running along the
Long Island Rail Road Main Line. However, due to a lack of funds, the line terminated here, with layup tracks going up to 29th Street. As a result, the tunnel became known as the "tunnel to nowhere."
The Pershing Square Building, as well as 110 East 42nd Street, were built on the site of the Grand Union Hotel. Construction started in 1921 and was completed in 1923. Ownership of the Pershing Square Building passed to several companies; the latest such change occurred in 2010, when
SL Green Realty bought the building. It was made a
New York City designated landmark in 2016. (Full article...)
60 Hudson Street is 371 feet (113 m) tall. Its design shows the influence of Dutch and
German Expressionism, with Art Deco detailing. The building's shape features asymmetrical
massing and numerous
setbacks. The brick facade uses a gradient color scheme with nineteen distinct hues, moving from darker shades to lighter ones as the building rises, and several ornate entrances at ground level lead to a
barrel-vaulted brick lobby.
60 Hudson Street was initially the headquarters of
Western Union, and its construction was commissioned by Western Union president
Newcomb Carlton. The building was described as the world's largest telegraph building upon its opening and served as the combined headquarters for all of Western Union's divisions, which were scattered across New York City prior to the building's completion. Though Western Union relocated elsewhere in 1973, its former headquarters remain a communications center, and since the late 20th century, has housed a
colocation center, making it one of the most important Internet hubs in the world. The exterior and lobby were designated as official
New York City landmarks in 1991. (Full article...)
Image 17
Buczynski c. 1962
Edmund Buczynski (January 28, 1947 – March 16, 1989) was an American
Wiccan and archaeologist who founded two separate traditions of Wicca: Welsh Traditionalist Witchcraft and The Minoan Brotherhood.
Born to a working-class family in
New York City, Buczynski eventually embraced his
homosexuality, moved to
Greenwich Village, and immersed himself in the local gay scene. His relationship with
Herman Slater led the two men to open The Warlock Shop, an occult supply store, in 1972. Following ordinations into various covens, Buczynski founded the Minoan Brotherhood in 1977 as a Wiccan tradition for gay and bisexual men. Buczynski was diagnosed with
HIV/AIDS in 1988, and died the following year. (Full article...)
The facades of the Coty and Rizzoli buildings are preserved at the base; an imitation facade was also built at 716 Fifth Avenue to complement the grouping. The lower floors contain a storefront and an atrium behind the landmark facades of the Coty and Rizzoli buildings. The tower stories contain a facade of white marble, gray limestone, and green and black granite. Inside the tower, each floor has 7,500 square feet (700 m2) of office space on average. The newer tower's juxtaposition with the Coty and Rizzoli buildings was both praised and criticized by architectural writers such as
Paul Goldberger and
Christopher Gray.
Before the construction of the present skyscraper, 712 Fifth Avenue was the address of the Rizzoli Bookstore building. Planning for 712 Fifth Avenue dates to 1983, but the project was delayed for several years because of opposition to the demolition of historic structures at the skyscraper's base. The Coty and Rizzoli buildings were incorporated into the base, where a
Henri Bendel store operated from 1990 until 2018. Upon completion, the skyscraper was mostly vacant because of a weak real-estate market. The building was sold in 1999 to the Paramount Group for a then-record $285 million. (Full article...)
Massino was a protégé of
Philip Rastelli, who took control of the Bonanno family in 1973. Rastelli spent most of his reign in and out of prison, but was able to get the assassination of
Carmine Galante, a mobster vying for power, approved in 1979. Originally a truck hijacker, Massino secured his own power after arranging two 1981 gang murders, first a triple murder of three rebel captains, then his rival
Dominick Napolitano. In 1991, while Massino was in prison for a 1986 labor
racketeering conviction, Rastelli died and Massino succeeded him. Upon his release the following year, he set about rebuilding a family that had been in turmoil for almost a quarter of a century. By the dawn of the new millennium, he was reckoned as the most powerful Mafia leader in the nation. Massino became known as "The Last Don", the only full-fledged New York boss of his time who was not in prison.
In July 2004, Massino was convicted in a
RICO case based on the testimony of several cooperating
made men, including Massino's disgruntled
underboss and brother-in-law
Salvatore Vitale. He was also facing the
death penalty if convicted in a separate murder trial due to be held later that year, but after agreeing to testify against his former associates, he was sentenced to life imprisonment for both indictments in 2005. Massino testified twice for the government, helping to win a murder conviction against his acting boss
Vincent Basciano in 2011, and was resentenced to
time served in 2013. (Full article...)
Chester Alan Arthur (October 5, 1829 – November 18, 1886) was an American politician who served as the 21st
president of the United States from 1881 to 1885. He was a
Republican lawyer from
New York who briefly served as the 20th
vice president under President
James A. Garfield. Arthur assumed the presidency after Garfield's
death on September 19, 1881, and served the remainder of his term until March 4, 1885.
Arthur was born in
Fairfield, Vermont, grew up in
upstate New York and practiced law in
New York City. He served as quartermaster general of the
New York Militia during the
American Civil War. Following the war, he devoted more time to New York Republican politics and quickly rose in Senator
Roscoe Conkling's political organization. President
Ulysses S. Grant appointed him as
Collector of the Port of New York in 1871, and he was an important supporter of Conkling and the
Stalwart faction of the Republican Party. In 1878, following bitter disputes between Conkling and President
Rutherford B. Hayes over control of patronage in New York, Hayes fired Arthur as part of a plan to reform the federal patronage system. In
June 1880, the extended contest between Grant, identified with the Stalwarts, and
James G. Blaine, the candidate of the
Half-Breed faction, led to the compromise selection of Ohio's Garfield for president. Republicans then nominated Arthur for vice president to balance the ticket geographically and to placate Stalwarts disappointed by Grant's defeat. Garfield and Arthur won the
1880 presidential election and took office in March 1881. Four months into his term, Garfield was shot by an assassin; he died 11 weeks later, and Arthur assumed the presidency. (Full article...)
The Bronx is divided by the
Bronx River into a hillier section in the
west, and a flatter
eastern section. East and west street names are divided by
Jerome Avenue. The West Bronx was annexed to New York City in 1874, and the areas east of the Bronx River in 1895. Bronx County was separated from New York County (modern-day Manhattan) in 1914. About a quarter of the Bronx's area is open space, including
Woodlawn Cemetery,
Van Cortlandt Park,
Pelham Bay Park, the
New York Botanical Garden, and the
Bronx Zoo in the borough's north and center. The
Thain Family Forest at the New York Botanical Garden is thousands of years old and is New York City's largest remaining tract of the original forest that once covered the city. These open spaces are primarily on land reserved in the late 19th century as urban development progressed north and east from Manhattan. (Full article...)
Staten Island (/ˈstætən/STAT-ən) is the southernmost
borough of
New York City, coextensive with Richmond County and situated at the southern most point of
New York. The borough is separated from the adjacent state of
New Jersey by the
Arthur Kill and the
Kill Van Kull and from the rest of New York by
New York Bay. With a population of 495,747 in the
2020 Census, Staten Island is the least populated New York City borough but the third largest in land area at 58.5 sq mi (152 km2); it is also the least densely populated and most
suburban borough in the city.
A home to the
Lenape indigenous people, the island was settled by Dutch colonists in the 17th century. It was one of the 12 original counties of New York state. Staten Island was
consolidated with New York City in 1898. It was formerly known as the Borough of Richmond until 1975, when its name was changed to Borough of Staten Island. Staten Island has sometimes been called "the forgotten borough" by inhabitants who feel neglected by the
city government. It has also been referred to as the "borough of parks" due to its 12,300 acres of protected parkland and over 170 parks. (Full article...)
With a population of 2,405,464 as of the
2020 census, Queens is the second-most populous county in New York state, behind Kings County (Brooklyn), and is therefore also the second-most populous of the five New York City boroughs. If Queens were its own city, it would be the
fourth most-populous in the U.S. after
New York City itself,
Los Angeles, and
Chicago. Queens is the fourth-most densely populated borough in New York City and the fourth-most densely populated
U.S. county. About 47% of its residents are
foreign-born. Queens is the most
linguistically and
ethnically diverse place on Earth. (Full article...)
Named after the Dutch town of
Breukelen in the Netherlands, Brooklyn shares a border with the borough of
Queens. It has several bridge and tunnel connections to the borough of Manhattan, across the
East River, and is connected to
Staten Island by way of the
Verrazzano-Narrows Bridge. With a land area of 69.38 square miles (179.7 km2) and a water area of 27.48 square miles (71.2 km2), Kings County is the state of New York's fourth-smallest county by land area and third smallest by total area. (Full article...)
Image 18Anderson Avenue garbage strike. A common scene throughout New York City in 1968 during a sanitation workers strike (from History of New York City (1946–1977))
Image 30The Sunday magazine of the New York World appealed to immigrants with this April 29, 1906 cover page celebrating their arrival at Ellis Island. (from History of New York City (1898–1945))
... that Lucy Feagin founded the
Feagin School of Dramatic Art in New York City, where talent scouts for radio, screen, and stage were always present to watch her senior students' plays?
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With an estimated population in 2022 of 8,335,897 distributed over 300.46 square miles (778.2 km2), the city is the
most densely populated major city in the United States. New York has more than double the population of
Los Angeles, the nation's second-most populous city. New York is the geographical and demographic center of both the
Northeast megalopolis and the
New York metropolitan area, the largest metropolitan area in the U.S. by both population and
urban area. With more than 20.1 million people in its
metropolitan statistical area and 23.5 million in its
combined statistical area as of 2020, New York City is one of the world's most populous
megacities. The city and its metropolitan area are the premier gateway for legal
immigration to the United States. As many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world. In 2021, the city was home to nearly 3.1 million residents born outside the U.S., the largest foreign-born population of any city in the world. (Full article...)
Jeremy Shu-How Lin (born August 23, 1988) is a Taiwanese-American professional
basketball player for the
New Taipei Kings of the
P. League+ (PLG). He unexpectedly led a winning turnaround with the
New York Knicks of the
National Basketball Association (NBA) during the 2011–12 season, sparking a cultural phenomenon known as "Linsanity". Lin was the first American of Chinese or Taiwanese descent to play in the NBA, and is one of the few
Asian Americans to have played in the league. He is the first Asian American player to win an
NBA championship, having done so with the
Toronto Raptors in 2019.
At first, Lin played sparingly for the Knicks, and he again spent time in the D-League. In February 2012, however, he was promoted to the
starting lineup and led the team on a seven-game winning streak. Lin's stellar play during the season helped the Knicks make the 2012 playoffs; it also catapulted him to international fame. Lin appeared on the covers of Sports Illustrated and Time and was named to the
Time 100 as one of the most influential people in the world. In July 2012, Lin won the
ESPY Award for
Breakthrough Athlete of the Year. (Full article...)
The building consists of a low base that occupies most of the site, as well as a 745-foot-tall (227 m) tower section with smaller floor areas. The
facade is designed in glass and stone, with large signs. The upper stories have dark glass windows, with stone mechanical shafts on all sides of the tower. The lower stories contain a public passageway and retail at ground level, as well as a lobby and Paramount Global's Studio 1515 at the second story. The building was constructed with two theaters: a
Broadway house called the
Minskoff Theatre on the third floor, as well as a cinema in the basement (now an event venue called
Palladium Times Square).
Sam Minskoff and Sons bought the Hotel Astor site in 1966 and initially proposed a 50-story tower without any theaters. Following a series of discussions, the Minskoff Theatre was included in exchange for additional floor area. Construction began on October 10, 1968, and the first tenants moved into the building in May 1971, with the building being completed the next year. One Astor Plaza was originally named for its anchor tenant, the
W. T. Grant retail chain, which only occupied the space until 1976.
Tishman Speyer and the
Equitable Life Assurance Society bought One Astor Plaza in 1984. Tishman Speyer sold its ownership stake in 1990, just before Equitable filed a bankruptcy proceeding against the building, which was withdrawn after a lawsuit.
Viacom leased space at One Astor Plaza starting in 1990, and its successors gradually came to occupy most of the building. SL Green Realty has owned or co-owned the building in some capacity since 2003. (Full article...)
The base contains several small
setbacks, and two towers rise from the eastern side of the base. On Central Park West, the first three stories are clad in
cast stone, and the main entrance consists of three angular bronze archways. The remainder of the facade is made of tan and brown brick, which are arranged to emphasize the vertical lines of the facade. Some of the upper-story apartments contain angular stone balconies, and the tops of the towers are ornamented with sculpted
finials. When the El Dorado opened, it contained 200 apartments with 1,500 rooms, though some apartments have since been split or combined. The main lobby is decorated in marble, and a gym in the building's two basement levels was added in the 1990s.
The El Dorado replaced a pair of apartments that were built in 1902 and also known as the El Dorado. The current apartment complex was constructed from 1929 to 1931 by developer Louis Klosk, who was unable to complete the building after the
Wall Street Crash of 1929. The Central Park Plaza Corporation bought the El Dorado at a
foreclosure auction in 1931. The corporation was taken over by the Pick Hotels Corporation in 1943, then by Hugh K. McGovern in January 1953. The building was then sold in May 1953 to pastor
Charles M. "Daddy" Grace, whose estate sold the building in 1960 to Alexander Gross. The El Dorado became a housing cooperative in July 1982, and several parts of the building were upgraded, despite disagreement among tenants. (Full article...)
The Asser Levy Public Baths, the recreation center's main building, was designed by
Arnold W. Brunner and
Martin Aiken. Its main entrance on Asser Levy Place consists of two large arches flanked by pairs of columns. Inside are recreational rooms, a swimming pool, and lockers. It originally had separate waiting rooms and showers for men and women, though the waiting rooms were subsequently combined and the showers relocated. Outdoor recreational facilities, including additional swimming pools and the playground, surround the bathhouse.
The bathhouse was built in 1905–1908 to alleviate sanitary problems in the city and was transferred to the
New York City Department of Parks and Recreation (NYC Parks) in 1938. Originally known as the East 23rd Street Baths, it was renamed for Levy in the mid-20th century. The building was designated a
New York City landmark in 1974 and added to the
National Register of Historic Places in 1980. It was restored by NYC Parks in 1988–1990, and the other recreational facilities were built in 1993 and 2014. (Full article...)
Image 5
A National Airlines DC-6B (sister ship to accident aircraft)
National Airlines Flight 2511 was a United States domestic passenger flight from
New York City to
Miami, Florida. On January 6, 1960, the
Douglas DC-6 serving the flight exploded in midair. The
National Airlines aircraft was carrying 5 crew members and 29 passengers, all of whom perished. The
Civil Aeronautics Board investigation concluded that the plane was brought down by a
bomb made of
dynamite. No criminal charges were ever filed, nor was the blame for the bombing ever determined, though a
suicide bombing is suspected. The investigation remains open.
The Broad Exchange Building is either 20 or 21 stories tall. its
articulation consists of three horizontal sections similar to the components of a
column, namely a base, shaft, and
capital. The lowest three stories of the facade are clad with
rusticated granite blocks; the fourteen-story shaft is clad with brick; and the top stories are clad with
granite and
terracotta, topped by a copper
cornice. Inside, the building originally contained office space, but , has 307 residential units. With 326,500 square feet (30,330 m2) of rental space in total, the Broad Exchange Building was Manhattan's largest office building upon its completion.
Due to the Broad Exchange Building's proximity to the
New York Stock Exchange Building, many financial firms sought space in the building. The Broad Exchange Building was sold off numerous times in the late 20th and early 21st centuries. The Broad Exchange Building was gutted and renovated into apartments in the late 1990s, and a southern wing of the building was demolished in the early 21st century. The building was added to the
National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in 1998, and was designated a city landmark by the
New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission in 2000. It is also a contributing property to the
Wall Street Historic District, a NRHP district created in 2007. (Full article...)
In August 1954 Hall joined the
Western Development Division as the chief of Propulsion Development, and directed the development of engines for the
Atlas,
Titan and
Thor missiles. In 1957 he was the director of the Thor development program and supervised the
installation of Thor missiles in the UK. He also headed the Minuteman project, and then went to Europe, where, at the urging of the Pentagon, he started the French
Diamant missile project, a nuclear warhead-carrying IRBM which was central to President
De Gaulle's desire for France to have an independent nuclear force separate from the
US and
NATO. (Full article...)
Image 8
750 Seventh Avenue is a 36-story office building in the
Midtown Manhattan neighborhood of
New York City. The building was designed by
Kevin Roche of
Roche-Dinkeloo and developed by David and Jean Solomon. 750 Seventh Avenue occupies a site on the north side of 49th Street between
Broadway and
Seventh Avenue. Since 1994, the building has mostly been occupied by the offices of financial services company
Morgan Stanley. The building contains a black glass
facade with large signs as well as etched-glass panels. On the upper stories, the exterior has
setbacks in a spiral pattern, which terminate in an offset glass pinnacle. When the building opened, several critics compared its design to a smokestack and to a glass pyramid.
Solomon Equities had developed 750 Seventh Avenue as a
speculative development in 1989 on the site of the Rivoli Theatre, a movie theater. When the building was completed, it had no tenants until the law firm Olwine, Connelly, Chase, O'Donnell & Wehyer leased space in April 1990. Olwine Connelly disbanded in 1991 without ever paying rent, and the Solomons placed the building into bankruptcy shortly afterward. The building was taken over by a consortium of banks, who leased some space to law firm Mendes & Mount and accounting firm
Ernst & Young. Morgan Stanley bought the building in 1994 to supplement its space at nearby
1585 Broadway. Real-estate firm
Hines and the General Motors Pension Fund bought 750 Seventh Avenue in 2000 and resold it in 2011 to Fosterlane Management. (Full article...)
The neoclassical facade is simple in design and is similar to that of the
Schoenfeld (formerly Plymouth) Theatre, which was developed concurrently. The Broadhurst's facade is made of
buff-colored brick and
terracotta and is divided into two sections: a stage house to the west and the theater's entrance to the east. The entrance is topped by fire-escape galleries and contains a curved corner facing east toward
Broadway. The auditorium contains an orchestra level, a large balcony, a small technical gallery, and a flat ceiling. The space is decorated in the classical Greek and
Adam styles, with
Doric columns and Greek
friezes. Near the front of the auditorium, flanking the flat
proscenium arch, are
box seats at balcony level.
The Shubert brothers developed the Broadhurst and Plymouth theaters following the success of the
Booth and
Shubert theaters directly to the east. The Broadhurst Theatre opened on September 27, 1917, with Misalliance; its namesake had intended to use the theater for his own productions. The Shuberts acquired full control of the Broadhurst in 1929 and have operated it since then. The theater has hosted not only musicals but also revues, comedies, and dramas throughout its history. Long-running shows hosted at the Broadhurst have included Hold Everything!, Fiorello!, Cabaret, Grease, Kiss of the Spider Woman, Les Misérables, and Mamma Mia!. (Full article...)
Image 11
Broderick in 1927
Johnny Broderick (January 16, 1896 (some sources say 1894, 1895, or 1897) – January 16, 1966) was a
New York City Police Departmentdetective who became known in the 1920s and 1930s as one of the city's toughest officers, patrolling the
Broadway Theater District and policing strikes as head of the NYPD's Industrial Squad, sometimes personally beating gangsters and suspects.
In his career as a detective between 1923 and 1947, Broderick built a reputation for physical courage, for assaulting gangsters like
Jack "Legs" Diamond and
"Two-Gun" Crowley, and for facing down armed gunmen in a prison break at
The Tombs prison.
Broderick was a "celebrity detective" whose exploits were a favorite of gossip columnists and the press. He and his sometime partner
Johnny Cordes were probably the best known officers in the NYPD in
the era between the two world wars. A character based on Broderick was the subject of the 1936 film Bullets or Ballots, with the Broderick character played by
Edward G. Robinson. He was also portrayed in a comic book about police, and a film, TV series, and Broadway musical based on his life were once contemplated. (Full article...)
The station contains two tracks and two
side platforms, connected by an overhead mezzanine. It opened in October 1989 with the opening of the 63rd Street Line. From its opening until 2001, this was the terminal of the line, although it was not originally intended as a terminal station. The 63rd Street Line was originally part of a plan for a Queens Bypass Line running along the
Long Island Rail Road Main Line. However, due to a lack of funds, the line terminated here, with layup tracks going up to 29th Street. As a result, the tunnel became known as the "tunnel to nowhere."
The Pershing Square Building, as well as 110 East 42nd Street, were built on the site of the Grand Union Hotel. Construction started in 1921 and was completed in 1923. Ownership of the Pershing Square Building passed to several companies; the latest such change occurred in 2010, when
SL Green Realty bought the building. It was made a
New York City designated landmark in 2016. (Full article...)
60 Hudson Street is 371 feet (113 m) tall. Its design shows the influence of Dutch and
German Expressionism, with Art Deco detailing. The building's shape features asymmetrical
massing and numerous
setbacks. The brick facade uses a gradient color scheme with nineteen distinct hues, moving from darker shades to lighter ones as the building rises, and several ornate entrances at ground level lead to a
barrel-vaulted brick lobby.
60 Hudson Street was initially the headquarters of
Western Union, and its construction was commissioned by Western Union president
Newcomb Carlton. The building was described as the world's largest telegraph building upon its opening and served as the combined headquarters for all of Western Union's divisions, which were scattered across New York City prior to the building's completion. Though Western Union relocated elsewhere in 1973, its former headquarters remain a communications center, and since the late 20th century, has housed a
colocation center, making it one of the most important Internet hubs in the world. The exterior and lobby were designated as official
New York City landmarks in 1991. (Full article...)
Image 17
Buczynski c. 1962
Edmund Buczynski (January 28, 1947 – March 16, 1989) was an American
Wiccan and archaeologist who founded two separate traditions of Wicca: Welsh Traditionalist Witchcraft and The Minoan Brotherhood.
Born to a working-class family in
New York City, Buczynski eventually embraced his
homosexuality, moved to
Greenwich Village, and immersed himself in the local gay scene. His relationship with
Herman Slater led the two men to open The Warlock Shop, an occult supply store, in 1972. Following ordinations into various covens, Buczynski founded the Minoan Brotherhood in 1977 as a Wiccan tradition for gay and bisexual men. Buczynski was diagnosed with
HIV/AIDS in 1988, and died the following year. (Full article...)
The facades of the Coty and Rizzoli buildings are preserved at the base; an imitation facade was also built at 716 Fifth Avenue to complement the grouping. The lower floors contain a storefront and an atrium behind the landmark facades of the Coty and Rizzoli buildings. The tower stories contain a facade of white marble, gray limestone, and green and black granite. Inside the tower, each floor has 7,500 square feet (700 m2) of office space on average. The newer tower's juxtaposition with the Coty and Rizzoli buildings was both praised and criticized by architectural writers such as
Paul Goldberger and
Christopher Gray.
Before the construction of the present skyscraper, 712 Fifth Avenue was the address of the Rizzoli Bookstore building. Planning for 712 Fifth Avenue dates to 1983, but the project was delayed for several years because of opposition to the demolition of historic structures at the skyscraper's base. The Coty and Rizzoli buildings were incorporated into the base, where a
Henri Bendel store operated from 1990 until 2018. Upon completion, the skyscraper was mostly vacant because of a weak real-estate market. The building was sold in 1999 to the Paramount Group for a then-record $285 million. (Full article...)
Massino was a protégé of
Philip Rastelli, who took control of the Bonanno family in 1973. Rastelli spent most of his reign in and out of prison, but was able to get the assassination of
Carmine Galante, a mobster vying for power, approved in 1979. Originally a truck hijacker, Massino secured his own power after arranging two 1981 gang murders, first a triple murder of three rebel captains, then his rival
Dominick Napolitano. In 1991, while Massino was in prison for a 1986 labor
racketeering conviction, Rastelli died and Massino succeeded him. Upon his release the following year, he set about rebuilding a family that had been in turmoil for almost a quarter of a century. By the dawn of the new millennium, he was reckoned as the most powerful Mafia leader in the nation. Massino became known as "The Last Don", the only full-fledged New York boss of his time who was not in prison.
In July 2004, Massino was convicted in a
RICO case based on the testimony of several cooperating
made men, including Massino's disgruntled
underboss and brother-in-law
Salvatore Vitale. He was also facing the
death penalty if convicted in a separate murder trial due to be held later that year, but after agreeing to testify against his former associates, he was sentenced to life imprisonment for both indictments in 2005. Massino testified twice for the government, helping to win a murder conviction against his acting boss
Vincent Basciano in 2011, and was resentenced to
time served in 2013. (Full article...)
Chester Alan Arthur (October 5, 1829 – November 18, 1886) was an American politician who served as the 21st
president of the United States from 1881 to 1885. He was a
Republican lawyer from
New York who briefly served as the 20th
vice president under President
James A. Garfield. Arthur assumed the presidency after Garfield's
death on September 19, 1881, and served the remainder of his term until March 4, 1885.
Arthur was born in
Fairfield, Vermont, grew up in
upstate New York and practiced law in
New York City. He served as quartermaster general of the
New York Militia during the
American Civil War. Following the war, he devoted more time to New York Republican politics and quickly rose in Senator
Roscoe Conkling's political organization. President
Ulysses S. Grant appointed him as
Collector of the Port of New York in 1871, and he was an important supporter of Conkling and the
Stalwart faction of the Republican Party. In 1878, following bitter disputes between Conkling and President
Rutherford B. Hayes over control of patronage in New York, Hayes fired Arthur as part of a plan to reform the federal patronage system. In
June 1880, the extended contest between Grant, identified with the Stalwarts, and
James G. Blaine, the candidate of the
Half-Breed faction, led to the compromise selection of Ohio's Garfield for president. Republicans then nominated Arthur for vice president to balance the ticket geographically and to placate Stalwarts disappointed by Grant's defeat. Garfield and Arthur won the
1880 presidential election and took office in March 1881. Four months into his term, Garfield was shot by an assassin; he died 11 weeks later, and Arthur assumed the presidency. (Full article...)
The Bronx is divided by the
Bronx River into a hillier section in the
west, and a flatter
eastern section. East and west street names are divided by
Jerome Avenue. The West Bronx was annexed to New York City in 1874, and the areas east of the Bronx River in 1895. Bronx County was separated from New York County (modern-day Manhattan) in 1914. About a quarter of the Bronx's area is open space, including
Woodlawn Cemetery,
Van Cortlandt Park,
Pelham Bay Park, the
New York Botanical Garden, and the
Bronx Zoo in the borough's north and center. The
Thain Family Forest at the New York Botanical Garden is thousands of years old and is New York City's largest remaining tract of the original forest that once covered the city. These open spaces are primarily on land reserved in the late 19th century as urban development progressed north and east from Manhattan. (Full article...)
Staten Island (/ˈstætən/STAT-ən) is the southernmost
borough of
New York City, coextensive with Richmond County and situated at the southern most point of
New York. The borough is separated from the adjacent state of
New Jersey by the
Arthur Kill and the
Kill Van Kull and from the rest of New York by
New York Bay. With a population of 495,747 in the
2020 Census, Staten Island is the least populated New York City borough but the third largest in land area at 58.5 sq mi (152 km2); it is also the least densely populated and most
suburban borough in the city.
A home to the
Lenape indigenous people, the island was settled by Dutch colonists in the 17th century. It was one of the 12 original counties of New York state. Staten Island was
consolidated with New York City in 1898. It was formerly known as the Borough of Richmond until 1975, when its name was changed to Borough of Staten Island. Staten Island has sometimes been called "the forgotten borough" by inhabitants who feel neglected by the
city government. It has also been referred to as the "borough of parks" due to its 12,300 acres of protected parkland and over 170 parks. (Full article...)
With a population of 2,405,464 as of the
2020 census, Queens is the second-most populous county in New York state, behind Kings County (Brooklyn), and is therefore also the second-most populous of the five New York City boroughs. If Queens were its own city, it would be the
fourth most-populous in the U.S. after
New York City itself,
Los Angeles, and
Chicago. Queens is the fourth-most densely populated borough in New York City and the fourth-most densely populated
U.S. county. About 47% of its residents are
foreign-born. Queens is the most
linguistically and
ethnically diverse place on Earth. (Full article...)
Named after the Dutch town of
Breukelen in the Netherlands, Brooklyn shares a border with the borough of
Queens. It has several bridge and tunnel connections to the borough of Manhattan, across the
East River, and is connected to
Staten Island by way of the
Verrazzano-Narrows Bridge. With a land area of 69.38 square miles (179.7 km2) and a water area of 27.48 square miles (71.2 km2), Kings County is the state of New York's fourth-smallest county by land area and third smallest by total area. (Full article...)
Image 18Anderson Avenue garbage strike. A common scene throughout New York City in 1968 during a sanitation workers strike (from History of New York City (1946–1977))
Image 30The Sunday magazine of the New York World appealed to immigrants with this April 29, 1906 cover page celebrating their arrival at Ellis Island. (from History of New York City (1898–1945))
... that Lucy Feagin founded the
Feagin School of Dramatic Art in New York City, where talent scouts for radio, screen, and stage were always present to watch her senior students' plays?
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