Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT or PEDT; IUPAC name poly(2,3-dihydrothieno[3,4-b][1,4]dioxane-5,7-diyl)) is a conducting polymer based on 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene or EDOT. It was first reported by Bayer AG in 1989. [1]
PEDOT possesses many advantageous properties compared to earlier conducting polythiophenes like 3-alkylthiophenes. For example, the polymer is optically transparent in its conducting state and has high stability, moderate band gap, and low redox potential. [2] [3] Its major disadvantage is its poor solubility, which is partly circumvented by use of composite materials such as PEDOT:PSS and PEDOT-TMA.
The polymer is generated by oxidation. The process begins with production of the radical cation of EDOT monomer, [C2H4O2C4H2S]+. This cation adds to a neutral EDOT followed by deprotonation. The idealized conversion using peroxydisulfate is shown:
Polymerization is usually conducted in the presence of polystyrene sulfonate (PSS), which acts as a template. PSS also provides a counter ion, which balances the charges in the reaction and hinders the formation of by-products such as 3,4-ethylenedioxy-2(5H)-thiophenone, and keeps the PEDOT monomers dispersed in water or aqueous solutions. [4] The resulting PEDOT:PSS composite can be deposited on a conductive support such as platinum, gold, glassy carbon, and indium tin oxide. [5]
Applications of PEDOT include electrochromic displays and antistatics. [6]
PEDOT has also been proposed for photovoltaics, printed wiring, and sensors. [6] [4] PEDOT has been proposed for use in biocompatible interfaces. [7] [8]
Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT or PEDT; IUPAC name poly(2,3-dihydrothieno[3,4-b][1,4]dioxane-5,7-diyl)) is a conducting polymer based on 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene or EDOT. It was first reported by Bayer AG in 1989. [1]
PEDOT possesses many advantageous properties compared to earlier conducting polythiophenes like 3-alkylthiophenes. For example, the polymer is optically transparent in its conducting state and has high stability, moderate band gap, and low redox potential. [2] [3] Its major disadvantage is its poor solubility, which is partly circumvented by use of composite materials such as PEDOT:PSS and PEDOT-TMA.
The polymer is generated by oxidation. The process begins with production of the radical cation of EDOT monomer, [C2H4O2C4H2S]+. This cation adds to a neutral EDOT followed by deprotonation. The idealized conversion using peroxydisulfate is shown:
Polymerization is usually conducted in the presence of polystyrene sulfonate (PSS), which acts as a template. PSS also provides a counter ion, which balances the charges in the reaction and hinders the formation of by-products such as 3,4-ethylenedioxy-2(5H)-thiophenone, and keeps the PEDOT monomers dispersed in water or aqueous solutions. [4] The resulting PEDOT:PSS composite can be deposited on a conductive support such as platinum, gold, glassy carbon, and indium tin oxide. [5]
Applications of PEDOT include electrochromic displays and antistatics. [6]
PEDOT has also been proposed for photovoltaics, printed wiring, and sensors. [6] [4] PEDOT has been proposed for use in biocompatible interfaces. [7] [8]