Peter Carl Ludwig Schwarz | |
---|---|
Born | Danzig-
Gdańsk | 4 June 1822
Died | 29 September 1894 St. George's? | (aged 72)
Awards |
Konstantin Gold Medal Demidov Prize (1865) |
Scientific career | |
Fields | astronomy, geodesy |
Institutions | Imperial University of Dorpat |
Peter Carl Ludwig Schwarz [1] ( Julian, O.S.: 23 May 1822, [1] Danzig- Gdańsk – 17 September 1894; Gregorian, N.S.: 4 June 1822 - 29 September 1894, [2] St. George's?; Buried: Tartu) [1] (referred to mostly as Ludwig Schwarz), [2] was a Baltic German astronomer [3] of Imperial Russia, explorer, and professor [1] of astronomy at the University of Dorpat [4] honored with the Konstantin Medal [note 1] of the Imperial Russian Geographical Society. [5] Schwarz also was a recipient of the Demidov Prize [5] [note 2] of the Academy of Sciences of St. Petersburg in 1865 for his work in geodesy. [5]
Following assignment by Friedrich Georg Wilhelm Struve as a field expedition astronomer (1849-1853) to study the Amur River, [5] [3] astronomer Schwarz led (1854-1862) the East Siberian Expedition of 1855 which extensively explored unknown and unmapped territory in Eastern Siberia, such as the Turan Range and the North Baikal Highlands. [6] [5]
The Siberian expedition went into central Asia, southeastern Asia, and northern China. [5] Some of the routes travelled were as long as 10,000 miles. [5] Utilizing his prior Amur field knowledge of astronomy he would determine geographical positions of certain points (geodesy) for preparation of geographical maps. [5] The information would later be used in planning the construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway systems and others in southeast Asia.
The volumes reporting the results of the expedition were published in 1864. [5] The separate tomes concerning the vegetation and wildlife reports were prepared by the expedition's botanist and zoologist Gustav Radde.
Ludwig Schwarz served as the Director of Dorpat Observatory [2] (now Tartu Observatory) from 1872 [7] [note 3] to 1891, [2] succeeding Thomas Clausen who held the position from 1866 to 1872. [7] Upon the retirement of Schwarz from the directorship on 1 September 1891 the position became the responsibility of Grigori Levitski who held it until 1908. [8]
During his tenure in later life he conducted studies of one third of the 10,000 celestial stars visible at Tartu. [5]
Radde's warbler, a leaf warbler bird that breeds in Siberia and winters in southeast Asia, bears a scientific name (Phylloscopus schwarzi) that commemorates Schwarz. [9] The bird was described in 1863 by naturalist and fellow explorer Gustav Radde who served in the East Siberian Expedition of 1855 led by Schwarz. [9]
His publications include:
German:
English:
German:
English:
{{
citation}}
: |first=
has generic name (
help). November 1894 issue. United Kingdom.Russian:
Peter Carl Ludwig Schwarz | |
---|---|
Born | Danzig-
Gdańsk | 4 June 1822
Died | 29 September 1894 St. George's? | (aged 72)
Awards |
Konstantin Gold Medal Demidov Prize (1865) |
Scientific career | |
Fields | astronomy, geodesy |
Institutions | Imperial University of Dorpat |
Peter Carl Ludwig Schwarz [1] ( Julian, O.S.: 23 May 1822, [1] Danzig- Gdańsk – 17 September 1894; Gregorian, N.S.: 4 June 1822 - 29 September 1894, [2] St. George's?; Buried: Tartu) [1] (referred to mostly as Ludwig Schwarz), [2] was a Baltic German astronomer [3] of Imperial Russia, explorer, and professor [1] of astronomy at the University of Dorpat [4] honored with the Konstantin Medal [note 1] of the Imperial Russian Geographical Society. [5] Schwarz also was a recipient of the Demidov Prize [5] [note 2] of the Academy of Sciences of St. Petersburg in 1865 for his work in geodesy. [5]
Following assignment by Friedrich Georg Wilhelm Struve as a field expedition astronomer (1849-1853) to study the Amur River, [5] [3] astronomer Schwarz led (1854-1862) the East Siberian Expedition of 1855 which extensively explored unknown and unmapped territory in Eastern Siberia, such as the Turan Range and the North Baikal Highlands. [6] [5]
The Siberian expedition went into central Asia, southeastern Asia, and northern China. [5] Some of the routes travelled were as long as 10,000 miles. [5] Utilizing his prior Amur field knowledge of astronomy he would determine geographical positions of certain points (geodesy) for preparation of geographical maps. [5] The information would later be used in planning the construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway systems and others in southeast Asia.
The volumes reporting the results of the expedition were published in 1864. [5] The separate tomes concerning the vegetation and wildlife reports were prepared by the expedition's botanist and zoologist Gustav Radde.
Ludwig Schwarz served as the Director of Dorpat Observatory [2] (now Tartu Observatory) from 1872 [7] [note 3] to 1891, [2] succeeding Thomas Clausen who held the position from 1866 to 1872. [7] Upon the retirement of Schwarz from the directorship on 1 September 1891 the position became the responsibility of Grigori Levitski who held it until 1908. [8]
During his tenure in later life he conducted studies of one third of the 10,000 celestial stars visible at Tartu. [5]
Radde's warbler, a leaf warbler bird that breeds in Siberia and winters in southeast Asia, bears a scientific name (Phylloscopus schwarzi) that commemorates Schwarz. [9] The bird was described in 1863 by naturalist and fellow explorer Gustav Radde who served in the East Siberian Expedition of 1855 led by Schwarz. [9]
His publications include:
German:
English:
German:
English:
{{
citation}}
: |first=
has generic name (
help). November 1894 issue. United Kingdom.Russian: