Chemical structure of the peroxynitrite anion
| |
Names | |
---|---|
IUPAC name
Oxido nitrite
| |
Identifiers | |
3D model (
JSmol)
|
|
ChEBI | |
KEGG | |
PubChem
CID
|
|
UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (
EPA)
|
|
| |
| |
Properties | |
NO3− | |
Molar mass | 62.005 g·mol−1 |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their
standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
|
Peroxynitrite (sometimes called peroxonitrite) is an
ion with the formula ONOO−. It is a
structural isomer of
nitrate, NO−
3
Peroxynitrite can be prepared by the reaction of superoxide with nitric oxide: [1] [2] [3]
It is prepared by the reaction of hydrogen peroxide with nitrite: [4]
Its presence is indicated by the absorbance at 302 nm (pH 12, ε302 = 1670 M−1 cm−1).
Peroxynitrite is weakly basic with a pKa of ~6.8.
It is reactive toward DNA and proteins.
ONOO− reacts
nucleophilically with
carbon dioxide. In vivo, the concentration of carbon dioxide is about 1 mM, and its reaction with ONOO− occurs quickly. Thus, under physiological conditions, the reaction of ONOO− with carbon dioxide to form
nitrosoperoxycarbonate (ONOOCO−
2) is by far the predominant pathway for ONOO−. ONOOCO−
2 homolyzes to form carbonate radical and nitrogen dioxide, again as a pair of
caged radicals. Approximately 66% of the time, these two radicals recombine to form carbon dioxide and nitrate. The other 33% of the time, these two radicals escape the solvent cage and become free radicals. It is these radicals (
carbonate radical and
nitrogen dioxide) that are believed to cause peroxynitrite-related cellular damage.
Its conjugate acid peroxynitrous acid is highly reactive, although peroxynitrite is stable in basic solutions. [5] [6]
Chemical structure of the peroxynitrite anion
| |
Names | |
---|---|
IUPAC name
Oxido nitrite
| |
Identifiers | |
3D model (
JSmol)
|
|
ChEBI | |
KEGG | |
PubChem
CID
|
|
UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (
EPA)
|
|
| |
| |
Properties | |
NO3− | |
Molar mass | 62.005 g·mol−1 |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their
standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
|
Peroxynitrite (sometimes called peroxonitrite) is an
ion with the formula ONOO−. It is a
structural isomer of
nitrate, NO−
3
Peroxynitrite can be prepared by the reaction of superoxide with nitric oxide: [1] [2] [3]
It is prepared by the reaction of hydrogen peroxide with nitrite: [4]
Its presence is indicated by the absorbance at 302 nm (pH 12, ε302 = 1670 M−1 cm−1).
Peroxynitrite is weakly basic with a pKa of ~6.8.
It is reactive toward DNA and proteins.
ONOO− reacts
nucleophilically with
carbon dioxide. In vivo, the concentration of carbon dioxide is about 1 mM, and its reaction with ONOO− occurs quickly. Thus, under physiological conditions, the reaction of ONOO− with carbon dioxide to form
nitrosoperoxycarbonate (ONOOCO−
2) is by far the predominant pathway for ONOO−. ONOOCO−
2 homolyzes to form carbonate radical and nitrogen dioxide, again as a pair of
caged radicals. Approximately 66% of the time, these two radicals recombine to form carbon dioxide and nitrate. The other 33% of the time, these two radicals escape the solvent cage and become free radicals. It is these radicals (
carbonate radical and
nitrogen dioxide) that are believed to cause peroxynitrite-related cellular damage.
Its conjugate acid peroxynitrous acid is highly reactive, although peroxynitrite is stable in basic solutions. [5] [6]