Paradan | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 125–c.650 CE | |||||||||
![Core territory and possible maximum extent of Paradan.[1]](/info/en/?search=File:Map_of_Paradan.png) Core territory and possible maximum extent of Paradan.
[1] | |||||||||
| Historical era | Antiquity | ||||||||
• Established | 125 | ||||||||
• Disestablished | c.650 CE | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| Today part of |
Afghanistan Pakistan | ||||||||
Paradan or Paratan was a province of the Paratarajas and the Sasanian Empire. It was constituted from the present-day Balochistan region, which is divided between Iran, Pakistan and Afghanistan.
Paratarajas
Evidence from coins shows that it was located in what is now north-eastern Balochistan, centered around the town of Loralai (now in Pakistan), further east than traditionally thought. [2] Thus it was located roughly where the map places the province of Turan. [1] Paradan has been associated with the territory of the historical Paratarajas (125-300 CE). [3]
Sasanian Empire
The province of Paradan is mentioned in Shapur I's inscription at the Ka'ba-ye Zartosht of 262 CE, one of the many provinces of the Sasanian Empire: [4] [5]
"And I ( Shapur I) possess the lands: Fars Persis, Pahlav ( Parthia) (......) and all of Abarshahr (all the upper (eastern, Parthian) provinces), Kerman ( Kirman), Sakastan, Turgistan, Makuran, Pardan ( Paradene), Hind ( Sind) and Kushanshahr all the way to Pashkibur ( Peshawar?) and to the borders of Kashgaria, Sogdia and Chach ( Tashkent) and of that sea-coast Mazonshahr ( Oman)."
— Shapur I's inscription at the Ka'ba-ye Zartosht (262 CE), translation by Josef Wiesehöfer (1996). [6] [7] [8]
Traditionally, Paradan was held to be further west, in the area of western Balochitan. [1]
See also
References
- ^ a b c Tandon, Pankaj (2012). "The Location and Kings of Paradan". Studia Iranica. 41: 46.
- ^ Tandon 2012
- ^ Tandon 2012
- ^ Gardner 2014, p. 57.
- ^ Tandon (2012). "The Location And Kings Of Paradan". Studia Iranica (41): 28.
-
^ The complete paragraph goes:
"And I [Shapur I] possess the lands: Fars [Persis], Pahlav [Parthia], Huzestan [Khuzistan], Meshan [Maishan, Mesene], Asorestan [Mesopotamia], Nod-Ardakhshiragan [Adiabene], Arbayestan [Arabia], Adurbadagan [Atropatene], Armen [Armenia], Virozan [Iberia], Segan [Machelonia], Arran [Albania], Balasagan up to the Caucasus and to the ‘gate of the Alans’ and all of Padishkhvar[gar] [the entire Elburz chain = Tabaristan and Gelan (?)], Mad [Media], Gurgan [Hyrcania], Marv [Margiana], Harey [Aria], and all of Abarshahr [all the upper (= eastern, Parthian) provinces], Kerman [Kirman], Sakastan, Turgistan, Makuran, Pardan [Paradene], Hind [Sind] and Kushanshahr all the way to Pashkibur [Peshawar?] and to the borders of Kashgaria, Sogdia and Chach [Tashkent] and of that sea-coast Mazonshahr [‘Oman’]."
in Wiesehöfer, Josef (1996). Ancient Persia : from 550 BC to 650 AD. London: I.B. Tauris. p. 184. ISBN 978-1860646751. - ^ For a secondary source see Kia, Mehrdad (27 June 2016). The Persian Empire: A Historical Encyclopedia [2 volumes]: A Historical Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. p. 67. ISBN 978-1-61069-391-2.
- ^ For another referenced translation, visible online, see: Frye, Richard Nelson (1984). The History of Ancient Iran. C.H.Beck. p. 371. ISBN 978-3-406-09397-5.
Sources
- Brunner, Christopher (1983). "Geographical and Administrative divisions: Settlements and Economy". The Cambridge History of Iran: The Seleucid, Parthian, and Sasanian periods (2). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 747–778. ISBN 978-0-521-24693-4.
- Tandon, Pankaj. 2012. "The Location and Kings of Paradan" Studia Iranica, 41 pp 25-56. http://people.bu.edu/ptandon/Paradan.pdf
Provinces of the
Sasanian Empire | ||
|---|---|---|
|  | |
* indicates short living provinces | ||
 | This Asian history–related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
|
| This Asia location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
Paradan | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 125–c.650 CE | |||||||||
|
Core territory and possible maximum extent of Paradan.
[1] | |||||||||
| Historical era | Antiquity | ||||||||
• Established | 125 | ||||||||
• Disestablished | c.650 CE | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| Today part of |
Afghanistan Pakistan | ||||||||
Paradan or Paratan was a province of the Paratarajas and the Sasanian Empire. It was constituted from the present-day Balochistan region, which is divided between Iran, Pakistan and Afghanistan.
Paratarajas
Evidence from coins shows that it was located in what is now north-eastern Balochistan, centered around the town of Loralai (now in Pakistan), further east than traditionally thought. [2] Thus it was located roughly where the map places the province of Turan. [1] Paradan has been associated with the territory of the historical Paratarajas (125-300 CE). [3]
Sasanian Empire
The province of Paradan is mentioned in Shapur I's inscription at the Ka'ba-ye Zartosht of 262 CE, one of the many provinces of the Sasanian Empire: [4] [5]
"And I ( Shapur I) possess the lands: Fars Persis, Pahlav ( Parthia) (......) and all of Abarshahr (all the upper (eastern, Parthian) provinces), Kerman ( Kirman), Sakastan, Turgistan, Makuran, Pardan ( Paradene), Hind ( Sind) and Kushanshahr all the way to Pashkibur ( Peshawar?) and to the borders of Kashgaria, Sogdia and Chach ( Tashkent) and of that sea-coast Mazonshahr ( Oman)."
— Shapur I's inscription at the Ka'ba-ye Zartosht (262 CE), translation by Josef Wiesehöfer (1996). [6] [7] [8]
Traditionally, Paradan was held to be further west, in the area of western Balochitan. [1]
See also
References
- ^ a b c Tandon, Pankaj (2012). "The Location and Kings of Paradan". Studia Iranica. 41: 46.
- ^ Tandon 2012
- ^ Tandon 2012
- ^ Gardner 2014, p. 57.
- ^ Tandon (2012). "The Location And Kings Of Paradan". Studia Iranica (41): 28.
-
^ The complete paragraph goes:
"And I [Shapur I] possess the lands: Fars [Persis], Pahlav [Parthia], Huzestan [Khuzistan], Meshan [Maishan, Mesene], Asorestan [Mesopotamia], Nod-Ardakhshiragan [Adiabene], Arbayestan [Arabia], Adurbadagan [Atropatene], Armen [Armenia], Virozan [Iberia], Segan [Machelonia], Arran [Albania], Balasagan up to the Caucasus and to the ‘gate of the Alans’ and all of Padishkhvar[gar] [the entire Elburz chain = Tabaristan and Gelan (?)], Mad [Media], Gurgan [Hyrcania], Marv [Margiana], Harey [Aria], and all of Abarshahr [all the upper (= eastern, Parthian) provinces], Kerman [Kirman], Sakastan, Turgistan, Makuran, Pardan [Paradene], Hind [Sind] and Kushanshahr all the way to Pashkibur [Peshawar?] and to the borders of Kashgaria, Sogdia and Chach [Tashkent] and of that sea-coast Mazonshahr [‘Oman’]."
in Wiesehöfer, Josef (1996). Ancient Persia : from 550 BC to 650 AD. London: I.B. Tauris. p. 184. ISBN 978-1860646751. - ^ For a secondary source see Kia, Mehrdad (27 June 2016). The Persian Empire: A Historical Encyclopedia [2 volumes]: A Historical Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. p. 67. ISBN 978-1-61069-391-2.
- ^ For another referenced translation, visible online, see: Frye, Richard Nelson (1984). The History of Ancient Iran. C.H.Beck. p. 371. ISBN 978-3-406-09397-5.
Sources
- Brunner, Christopher (1983). "Geographical and Administrative divisions: Settlements and Economy". The Cambridge History of Iran: The Seleucid, Parthian, and Sasanian periods (2). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 747–778. ISBN 978-0-521-24693-4.
- Tandon, Pankaj. 2012. "The Location and Kings of Paradan" Studia Iranica, 41 pp 25-56. http://people.bu.edu/ptandon/Paradan.pdf
Provinces of the
Sasanian Empire | ||
|---|---|---|
| | |
* indicates short living provinces | ||
|
| This Asian history–related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
|
| This Asia location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |