Pélagie Gbaguidi (1965-) is a Beninese artist who lives and works in
Brussels. She is most well-known for her series of paintings and drawings titled “le Code noir” which evokes the violence of the slave trade and its effected trauma on the following generations of Western African cultures.
Biography
Gbaguidi was born in
Dakar in 1965. She studied art in Liège, Belgium at l'École des beaux-arts Saint-Luc where she graduated in 1995.
Work
The artist calls herself a contemporary "
griot” — traditionally meaning a vessel for West African oral tradition; an intermediary between the physical realm and that of the ancestors, who uses art and music as their means of translation. A griot questions the individual experience by absorbing the words of the ancients and modeling them into art to be interpreted by their living descendents.
Her art is an anthology of the signs and traces of trauma, and is centered on archiving colonial and
postcolonial African history. With her work, she aims to unmask the process of forgetting the most violent hardships of the past. In venturing to unveil these suppressed memories, the abstract ideas she addresses seem to arouse in the artist an urgency to give them form, this need to create liberating images becoming a corpus from which to draw contemporary forms.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]
Exhibitions
Upcoming - "Congoville",
MIDDELHEIM MUSEUM, Antwerp (Belgium) May 2021; CENTRALE for contemporary art, Brussels (Belgium) March, 2021
2020 - "Somewhere in the World",
FORUM FROHNER, Krems (Austria); "B:11 Berlin Biennale. The Crack Begins Within", Berlin (Germany) 05/09/2020-01/11/2020.
2019 - "Décoloniser les corps" in the context of the
Festival Désir...Désirs, curated by Pascal Lièvre. Tours (France); "Somewhere in the World",
FORUM FROHNER, Krems (Austria); “Généalogies futures depuis l’équateur”,
Lubumbashi Biennale, Lubumbashi (Democratic Republic of the Congo).
2018 - "Décoloniser les corps",
2e Biennale art nOmad 2018, Limoges / Bourges / Paris / Calais / Brussels / Berlin. Curated by Pascal Lièvre; "Un-masking in the Plural",
Dak'ART 13 The Red Hour A New Humanity, Dakar (Senegal); Art Brussels 50 years, Art Fair, Brussels (Belgium); "i am what i am", ici Gallery, curated by
Julie Crenn, Paris (France); "Disclosed Traces and Triadic Apparitions",
Sulger-Buel Lovell, curated by Mika Hayashi Ebbesen, London (UK).
2017 - "The Missing Link. Dicolonisation Education by Mrs Smiling Stone", documenta 14 Learning from Athens, Athens (Greece); "El iris de Lucy”, CAAM, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (Spain); “HERstory” – Des Archives Féministes (Feminist Archives), Maison des Arts de Malakoff, Paris (France); "Afriques Capitales", La Gare Saint Sauveur, Lille (France); XXIII. Rohkunstbau: Die Schönheit im Anderen | The Beauty of Difference “Naked Writing” Palace of Lieberose (Germany);
AKAA 2017 edition, Paris (France)
2016 - “El iris de Lucy”, Musac, Castilla y León (Spain); “L’iris de Lucy”, Musée Rouchechouart, (France); “Dakar-Matigny”, Manoir de la ville, Martigny Suisse; “1 :54” Contemporary African Art Fair”, London (United Kingdom); “El Mundo sans le corps”, Solo show Gallery Sulger-Buel-Lovell, London (United Kingdom).
2015 - Acquisition of 100 drawings from series Code Noir, Acte Memorial Museum, Guadeloupe (France); “Divine Comedy: Heaven, Hell, Purgatory Revisited by Contemporary African Artists”, National Museum of African Art - Smithsonian Institution, Washington (USA).
2014 - “Divine Comedy: Heaven, Hell, Purgatory Revisited by Contemporary African Artists”, MMK Museum für Moderne Kunst, Frankfurt (Germany); “Legitimate Abstractions”, Moroccan Pavilion Dak’Art Biennale de Dakar, Dakar (Senegal).
2013 - “Asyl Stadtmuseum”, Stadtmuseum, Munich (Germany); “Traces of Women”, Villa des Arts Casablanca (Morocco); “Serial Attempts” News of the World Gallery, London (United Kingdom).
2012 - 1st Casablanca Biennale (Marroco); “Africa Africa”, Centre of Contemporary Art (CAC) Meymac, (France).
2011 - “Around the Black Code”, National Orchestra Belgium with B.Giaux A.Lavoisier S.Causanchi, BOZAR, Brussels (Belgium); “As it is, Ancestral Space”, Gallery Mojo, Dubai (United Arab Emirates).
2010 - “Show off”, Girot Gallery, fiac off Paris, Paris (France); “Code Noir”, Apex pro e.V Gallery, (solo show) Göttingen (Germany).
2009 – "Africaines" 2nd Festival Panafricain, Safex, Alger; “Spot on…”, Ifa Gallery in Berlin and Ifa Gallery Stuttgart (Germany); "Legacy of Absence Collection." ILLINOIS HOLOCAUST MUSEUM AND EDUCATION CENTER, Chicago (United States)
2008 - IFAA Museum of Modern Art, Arnhem (Nerthelands); IFAA Afrika Museum Arnhem (Nerthelands); “Écouter et entendre”, Kevin Conru Gallery, Brussels (Belgium); “#2008 DAK’ART Afrique : Mirror?”, Dak’Art Biennale of Dakar (Senegal); “Code Noir” Musical Exhibition, Royal Music Conservatory, Brussels (Belgium); Maison des Arts, Evreux (France).
2007 - "Africa plural 3+3", Casa Africa, las Palmas de Gran Canaria (Spain); "Le code Noir", Factory, Krems, Autriche; Black Fine Art Show, Atlanta (USA); "
Dockanema", festival du film Mozambique, Maputo, (Mozambique).
2006 - National Black Fine Art Show, New York (USA); 2006 Dak’Art Biennale of Contemporary African Art (Senegal); “L’homme est un mystère”, Musée d’art et d’histoire, Saint-Brieuc (France); Museum of Modern Art, Santo Domingo, (Dominican Republic).
2005 - National Black Fine Art Show, New York (USA); “Démarcations”, Centre Wallonie Bruxelles, Paris (France).
2004 - 2004 Dak’Art Biennale of Contemporary African Art, Dakar (Senegal); “A3” Contemporary Art Night, Saint-Sulpice, Paris; “Nouvelles Impressions: Beauté Afrique”, Le Lieu Unique, Nantes (France); “Sacred Rites/ Profane Rites”, AFAA (French Association of Artistic Action), Bern (Switzerland); “Sacred Rites/ Profane Rites”, AFAA (French Association of Artistic Action), Mexico.
2003- “Rites sacrés/ Rites profanes” Ves
Rencontres Africaines de la Photographie. Bamako 2003 (Mali); Solo show, Les Alizés Gallery, Brussels (Belgium); “Rhizome”, Espace d'Art Contemporain, Torcy, (France).
2001 - OFF - IV Rencontres de la photographie africaine, Bamako (Mali); Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art, Liege (Belgium).
Lidon, Charlotte. "À la recherche du temps passé: les artistes contemporains de la diaspora africaine et l'art traditionnel du continent". Facettes revue nº5. December 2019. Online source.
https://issuu.com/50degresnord/docs/facette5pap
2018
"Takes Two To Tango". Talk at the Student Conference of Art Education 23-25.11.2018, State Academy of Art and Design Stuttgart (Germany)
Lack, Jessica. Why Are We ‘Artists’? 100 World Art Manifestos. England: Penguin Modern Classics, 2017.
2016
Dakar- Martiggny. Hommage à la Biennale d’art contemporain, Directeur de la publication: Mads Olesen (Martigny: ART-RAY éditions, 2016), pp. 71–73.
2015
Griffiths, Claire. “Imaging the Present: An Iconography of Slavery in Contemporary African Art” in At the Limits of Memory: Legacies of Slavery in the Francophone World, edited by Nicola Frith & Kate Hodgson. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 2015, p. 209-228.;
Mémorial ACTe. Direction: Thierry L’Étang. L’esclavage et la traite négrière dans la caraïbe et le monde. Guadeloupe: Mémorial Acte Éditions, 2015. pp. 150–151.
2014
Njami, Simon. The Divine Comedy: Heaven, Hell, Purgatory Revisited by Contemporary African Artists. (Frankfurt: MMK Kerber, 2014). pp. 148–151.
2011
Ancestral Space Translated Identities. ‘as it is!’ Contemporary African Art Exhibition Series. (Dubai: The Mojo Gallery, 2011), Exhibition Catalogue.
2009
African Women, Edited by Ameziane Ferhani (Alger: National Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art of Alger, 2009), Exhibition Catalogue. pp. 31–33.;
Akinbode Akinbiyi und Barbara Barch. DAK’ART. Die 8. Biennale zeitgenössischer afrikanischer Kunst. Who am I? (Stuttgart: Institut für Auslandsbeziehungen Berlin, 2009), Katalog. pp. 34–37.
2008
L’homme est un mystère 2. Expositions d’art contemporain d’Afrique, ODDCC Côtes d’Armor: Oct. Nov. Dec. 2005. p. 6.
Dak'Art 2008. Afrique : Miroir ?, catalogue de la 8e Biennale de l'art africain contemporain, 2008. Catalog. pp. 102–103.;
Dunja Hersak, Écouter et entendre : Pélagie Gbaguidi, Ola-Dele Kuku, Carlos Amorim Lemos, Toma Luntumbue, Hassan Musa, Otobong Nkanga, Aimé Ntakiyica, Mulugeta Tafesse, Galerie Kevin Conru, Bruxelles, 2008, p. 74.
2007
Frauen Kunst Wissenschar: Körperfarben – Hautdiskurse, Halbjahreszeitschrift Juin, 2007, n° 43 pp. 83–87.;
Uncomfortable Truths: the Shadow of Slave Trading on Contemporary Art and Design., V&A Museum. 2007, Catalog.
2006
Dak’Art 2006, 7e Biennale de l’art africain contemporain, 2006, Catalogue. p. 188-189.;
Annik Blavier. La visite est terminée, (Bruxelles : la trame, 2006), Catalogue de l’exposition.
2005
The Imaginary Pelagie. Directed by Olga Baillif &
Katy N'Diaye, Link Inter-Cultural Journal of Art and Literature, RTBF, 2005.
Liaison, Revue Inter-culturelle d’Art et de Littérature. 2005, Nº25. pp. 36–41
2004
Nouvelles impressions. Directeurs de la publication: Patricia Solini et Bevis Martin. (Nantes: Chiffoleau, 2004), Publication pour exposition et résidence. pp. 65–74.;
Murphy, Maureen. “La biennale de Dakar au coeur des enjeux du marché de l’art en Afrique et en Occident.” Africa e Mediterraneo 47-48 Jan-Fev 2004: 48-53. Print.
N. Paradoxa, International Feminist Art Journal. (Domestic Politics), Vol. 13, Jan.
DAK’ART 2004. 6ème Biennale de l’Art Africain Contemporain, Edité par Sylviane Diop (Dakar, Sénegal : Biennale des Arts de Dakar, 2004), Catalogue de l’exposition. pp. 34–35.
2003
Ves Rencontres de la photographie africaine: Rites sacrés/ Rites profanes. (Bamako: Rencontres de Bamako, 2003), Catalogue de l’exposition. pp. 52–53.
^Pélagie Gbaguidi : Hommage aux ancêtres, exposition du 15 mai au 10 juin 1996, Art'Senik, Saint-Leu (La Réunion), 1996, 10 p.
^Griffiths, Claire. “Imaging the Present: An Iconography of Slavery in Contemporary African Art” in At the Limits of Memory: Legacies of Slavery in the Francophone World, edited by Nicola Frith & Kate Hodgson. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 2015, p. 209-228
^Dunja Hersak, Écouter et entendre : Pélagie Gbaguidi, Ola-Dele Kuku, Carlos Amorim Lemos, Toma Luntumbue, Hassan Musa, Otobong Nkanga, Aimé Ntakiyica, Mulugeta Tafesse, Galerie Kevin Conru, Bruxelles, 2008, 74 p.
^Dak'Art 2008. Afrique : Miroir ?, catalogue de la 8e Biennale de l'art africain contemporain, 2008, p. 102-103
^Dak'Art 2006, catalogue de la 7e Biennale de l'art africain contemporain, 2006, p. 188-189
^Dakar- Martiggny. Hommage à la Biennale d’art contemporain, Directeur de la publication: Mads Olesen (Martigny: ART-RAY éditions, 2016), pp. 71-73
^Mémorial ACTe. Direction: Thierry L’Étang. L’esclavage et la traite négrière dans la caraïbe et le monde. Guadeloupe: Mémorial Acte Éditions, 2015. pp. 150-151
^Hélène Tissières, « Biennale de Dakar 2006 : œuvres exposées et témoignages », in Éthiopiques, no 77, 2e semestre 2006
Pélagie Gbaguidi (1965-) is a Beninese artist who lives and works in
Brussels. She is most well-known for her series of paintings and drawings titled “le Code noir” which evokes the violence of the slave trade and its effected trauma on the following generations of Western African cultures.
Biography
Gbaguidi was born in
Dakar in 1965. She studied art in Liège, Belgium at l'École des beaux-arts Saint-Luc where she graduated in 1995.
Work
The artist calls herself a contemporary "
griot” — traditionally meaning a vessel for West African oral tradition; an intermediary between the physical realm and that of the ancestors, who uses art and music as their means of translation. A griot questions the individual experience by absorbing the words of the ancients and modeling them into art to be interpreted by their living descendents.
Her art is an anthology of the signs and traces of trauma, and is centered on archiving colonial and
postcolonial African history. With her work, she aims to unmask the process of forgetting the most violent hardships of the past. In venturing to unveil these suppressed memories, the abstract ideas she addresses seem to arouse in the artist an urgency to give them form, this need to create liberating images becoming a corpus from which to draw contemporary forms.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]
Exhibitions
Upcoming - "Congoville",
MIDDELHEIM MUSEUM, Antwerp (Belgium) May 2021; CENTRALE for contemporary art, Brussels (Belgium) March, 2021
2020 - "Somewhere in the World",
FORUM FROHNER, Krems (Austria); "B:11 Berlin Biennale. The Crack Begins Within", Berlin (Germany) 05/09/2020-01/11/2020.
2019 - "Décoloniser les corps" in the context of the
Festival Désir...Désirs, curated by Pascal Lièvre. Tours (France); "Somewhere in the World",
FORUM FROHNER, Krems (Austria); “Généalogies futures depuis l’équateur”,
Lubumbashi Biennale, Lubumbashi (Democratic Republic of the Congo).
2018 - "Décoloniser les corps",
2e Biennale art nOmad 2018, Limoges / Bourges / Paris / Calais / Brussels / Berlin. Curated by Pascal Lièvre; "Un-masking in the Plural",
Dak'ART 13 The Red Hour A New Humanity, Dakar (Senegal); Art Brussels 50 years, Art Fair, Brussels (Belgium); "i am what i am", ici Gallery, curated by
Julie Crenn, Paris (France); "Disclosed Traces and Triadic Apparitions",
Sulger-Buel Lovell, curated by Mika Hayashi Ebbesen, London (UK).
2017 - "The Missing Link. Dicolonisation Education by Mrs Smiling Stone", documenta 14 Learning from Athens, Athens (Greece); "El iris de Lucy”, CAAM, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (Spain); “HERstory” – Des Archives Féministes (Feminist Archives), Maison des Arts de Malakoff, Paris (France); "Afriques Capitales", La Gare Saint Sauveur, Lille (France); XXIII. Rohkunstbau: Die Schönheit im Anderen | The Beauty of Difference “Naked Writing” Palace of Lieberose (Germany);
AKAA 2017 edition, Paris (France)
2016 - “El iris de Lucy”, Musac, Castilla y León (Spain); “L’iris de Lucy”, Musée Rouchechouart, (France); “Dakar-Matigny”, Manoir de la ville, Martigny Suisse; “1 :54” Contemporary African Art Fair”, London (United Kingdom); “El Mundo sans le corps”, Solo show Gallery Sulger-Buel-Lovell, London (United Kingdom).
2015 - Acquisition of 100 drawings from series Code Noir, Acte Memorial Museum, Guadeloupe (France); “Divine Comedy: Heaven, Hell, Purgatory Revisited by Contemporary African Artists”, National Museum of African Art - Smithsonian Institution, Washington (USA).
2014 - “Divine Comedy: Heaven, Hell, Purgatory Revisited by Contemporary African Artists”, MMK Museum für Moderne Kunst, Frankfurt (Germany); “Legitimate Abstractions”, Moroccan Pavilion Dak’Art Biennale de Dakar, Dakar (Senegal).
2013 - “Asyl Stadtmuseum”, Stadtmuseum, Munich (Germany); “Traces of Women”, Villa des Arts Casablanca (Morocco); “Serial Attempts” News of the World Gallery, London (United Kingdom).
2012 - 1st Casablanca Biennale (Marroco); “Africa Africa”, Centre of Contemporary Art (CAC) Meymac, (France).
2011 - “Around the Black Code”, National Orchestra Belgium with B.Giaux A.Lavoisier S.Causanchi, BOZAR, Brussels (Belgium); “As it is, Ancestral Space”, Gallery Mojo, Dubai (United Arab Emirates).
2010 - “Show off”, Girot Gallery, fiac off Paris, Paris (France); “Code Noir”, Apex pro e.V Gallery, (solo show) Göttingen (Germany).
2009 – "Africaines" 2nd Festival Panafricain, Safex, Alger; “Spot on…”, Ifa Gallery in Berlin and Ifa Gallery Stuttgart (Germany); "Legacy of Absence Collection." ILLINOIS HOLOCAUST MUSEUM AND EDUCATION CENTER, Chicago (United States)
2008 - IFAA Museum of Modern Art, Arnhem (Nerthelands); IFAA Afrika Museum Arnhem (Nerthelands); “Écouter et entendre”, Kevin Conru Gallery, Brussels (Belgium); “#2008 DAK’ART Afrique : Mirror?”, Dak’Art Biennale of Dakar (Senegal); “Code Noir” Musical Exhibition, Royal Music Conservatory, Brussels (Belgium); Maison des Arts, Evreux (France).
2007 - "Africa plural 3+3", Casa Africa, las Palmas de Gran Canaria (Spain); "Le code Noir", Factory, Krems, Autriche; Black Fine Art Show, Atlanta (USA); "
Dockanema", festival du film Mozambique, Maputo, (Mozambique).
2006 - National Black Fine Art Show, New York (USA); 2006 Dak’Art Biennale of Contemporary African Art (Senegal); “L’homme est un mystère”, Musée d’art et d’histoire, Saint-Brieuc (France); Museum of Modern Art, Santo Domingo, (Dominican Republic).
2005 - National Black Fine Art Show, New York (USA); “Démarcations”, Centre Wallonie Bruxelles, Paris (France).
2004 - 2004 Dak’Art Biennale of Contemporary African Art, Dakar (Senegal); “A3” Contemporary Art Night, Saint-Sulpice, Paris; “Nouvelles Impressions: Beauté Afrique”, Le Lieu Unique, Nantes (France); “Sacred Rites/ Profane Rites”, AFAA (French Association of Artistic Action), Bern (Switzerland); “Sacred Rites/ Profane Rites”, AFAA (French Association of Artistic Action), Mexico.
2003- “Rites sacrés/ Rites profanes” Ves
Rencontres Africaines de la Photographie. Bamako 2003 (Mali); Solo show, Les Alizés Gallery, Brussels (Belgium); “Rhizome”, Espace d'Art Contemporain, Torcy, (France).
2001 - OFF - IV Rencontres de la photographie africaine, Bamako (Mali); Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art, Liege (Belgium).
Lidon, Charlotte. "À la recherche du temps passé: les artistes contemporains de la diaspora africaine et l'art traditionnel du continent". Facettes revue nº5. December 2019. Online source.
https://issuu.com/50degresnord/docs/facette5pap
2018
"Takes Two To Tango". Talk at the Student Conference of Art Education 23-25.11.2018, State Academy of Art and Design Stuttgart (Germany)
Lack, Jessica. Why Are We ‘Artists’? 100 World Art Manifestos. England: Penguin Modern Classics, 2017.
2016
Dakar- Martiggny. Hommage à la Biennale d’art contemporain, Directeur de la publication: Mads Olesen (Martigny: ART-RAY éditions, 2016), pp. 71–73.
2015
Griffiths, Claire. “Imaging the Present: An Iconography of Slavery in Contemporary African Art” in At the Limits of Memory: Legacies of Slavery in the Francophone World, edited by Nicola Frith & Kate Hodgson. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 2015, p. 209-228.;
Mémorial ACTe. Direction: Thierry L’Étang. L’esclavage et la traite négrière dans la caraïbe et le monde. Guadeloupe: Mémorial Acte Éditions, 2015. pp. 150–151.
2014
Njami, Simon. The Divine Comedy: Heaven, Hell, Purgatory Revisited by Contemporary African Artists. (Frankfurt: MMK Kerber, 2014). pp. 148–151.
2011
Ancestral Space Translated Identities. ‘as it is!’ Contemporary African Art Exhibition Series. (Dubai: The Mojo Gallery, 2011), Exhibition Catalogue.
2009
African Women, Edited by Ameziane Ferhani (Alger: National Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art of Alger, 2009), Exhibition Catalogue. pp. 31–33.;
Akinbode Akinbiyi und Barbara Barch. DAK’ART. Die 8. Biennale zeitgenössischer afrikanischer Kunst. Who am I? (Stuttgart: Institut für Auslandsbeziehungen Berlin, 2009), Katalog. pp. 34–37.
2008
L’homme est un mystère 2. Expositions d’art contemporain d’Afrique, ODDCC Côtes d’Armor: Oct. Nov. Dec. 2005. p. 6.
Dak'Art 2008. Afrique : Miroir ?, catalogue de la 8e Biennale de l'art africain contemporain, 2008. Catalog. pp. 102–103.;
Dunja Hersak, Écouter et entendre : Pélagie Gbaguidi, Ola-Dele Kuku, Carlos Amorim Lemos, Toma Luntumbue, Hassan Musa, Otobong Nkanga, Aimé Ntakiyica, Mulugeta Tafesse, Galerie Kevin Conru, Bruxelles, 2008, p. 74.
2007
Frauen Kunst Wissenschar: Körperfarben – Hautdiskurse, Halbjahreszeitschrift Juin, 2007, n° 43 pp. 83–87.;
Uncomfortable Truths: the Shadow of Slave Trading on Contemporary Art and Design., V&A Museum. 2007, Catalog.
2006
Dak’Art 2006, 7e Biennale de l’art africain contemporain, 2006, Catalogue. p. 188-189.;
Annik Blavier. La visite est terminée, (Bruxelles : la trame, 2006), Catalogue de l’exposition.
2005
The Imaginary Pelagie. Directed by Olga Baillif &
Katy N'Diaye, Link Inter-Cultural Journal of Art and Literature, RTBF, 2005.
Liaison, Revue Inter-culturelle d’Art et de Littérature. 2005, Nº25. pp. 36–41
2004
Nouvelles impressions. Directeurs de la publication: Patricia Solini et Bevis Martin. (Nantes: Chiffoleau, 2004), Publication pour exposition et résidence. pp. 65–74.;
Murphy, Maureen. “La biennale de Dakar au coeur des enjeux du marché de l’art en Afrique et en Occident.” Africa e Mediterraneo 47-48 Jan-Fev 2004: 48-53. Print.
N. Paradoxa, International Feminist Art Journal. (Domestic Politics), Vol. 13, Jan.
DAK’ART 2004. 6ème Biennale de l’Art Africain Contemporain, Edité par Sylviane Diop (Dakar, Sénegal : Biennale des Arts de Dakar, 2004), Catalogue de l’exposition. pp. 34–35.
2003
Ves Rencontres de la photographie africaine: Rites sacrés/ Rites profanes. (Bamako: Rencontres de Bamako, 2003), Catalogue de l’exposition. pp. 52–53.
^Pélagie Gbaguidi : Hommage aux ancêtres, exposition du 15 mai au 10 juin 1996, Art'Senik, Saint-Leu (La Réunion), 1996, 10 p.
^Griffiths, Claire. “Imaging the Present: An Iconography of Slavery in Contemporary African Art” in At the Limits of Memory: Legacies of Slavery in the Francophone World, edited by Nicola Frith & Kate Hodgson. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 2015, p. 209-228
^Dunja Hersak, Écouter et entendre : Pélagie Gbaguidi, Ola-Dele Kuku, Carlos Amorim Lemos, Toma Luntumbue, Hassan Musa, Otobong Nkanga, Aimé Ntakiyica, Mulugeta Tafesse, Galerie Kevin Conru, Bruxelles, 2008, 74 p.
^Dak'Art 2008. Afrique : Miroir ?, catalogue de la 8e Biennale de l'art africain contemporain, 2008, p. 102-103
^Dak'Art 2006, catalogue de la 7e Biennale de l'art africain contemporain, 2006, p. 188-189
^Dakar- Martiggny. Hommage à la Biennale d’art contemporain, Directeur de la publication: Mads Olesen (Martigny: ART-RAY éditions, 2016), pp. 71-73
^Mémorial ACTe. Direction: Thierry L’Étang. L’esclavage et la traite négrière dans la caraïbe et le monde. Guadeloupe: Mémorial Acte Éditions, 2015. pp. 150-151
^Hélène Tissières, « Biennale de Dakar 2006 : œuvres exposées et témoignages », in Éthiopiques, no 77, 2e semestre 2006