The Nisoish or Yi languages, which contains both the Northern Loloish (Northern Ngwi) and Southeastern Loloish (Southeastern Ngwi) branches, are a branch of the
Loloish languages proposed by Lama (2012). Northern Loloish and Southeastern Loloish were established by Bradley (1997), while the Nisoish group combining Bradley's two branches was proposed by Ziwo Lama (2012). Lama (2012) refers to Northern Loloish as Nisoid or Nisu–Lope, and Southeastern Loloish as Axi–Puoid.
Classification history
In the past, Southeastern Loloish languages had variously been classified as
Northern Loloish or
Central Loloish, but were later recognized as forming a separate branch of Loloish by Bradley (2002).[1] Jamin Pelkey (2011:368-371) also noted that Southeastern Loloish and Northern Loloish branches are likely to be
sister branches with each other. Shortly later, Ziwo Lama's (2012) computational phylogenetic analysis of the Lolo-Burmese languages gave further support to Pelkey's hypothesis. Northern Loloish and Southeastern Loloish languages were also found to constitute a single branch in Satterthwaite-Phillips' (2011) computational phylogenetic analysis of the Lolo-Burmese languages, who considers
Nasu,
Nosu,
Nisu, and
Samei as belonging to the same branch.[2]
Languages
Lama (2012)'s Nisoish branch is contains two subgroups, namely Axi–Puoid (also known as Southeastern Loloish) and Nisoid (also known as Northern Loloish). Lama (2012) gives the following internal phylogeny for the Nisoish branch.
Lama (2012) lists the following changes from
Proto-Loloish as phonological innovations among various branches and languages of Nisoish.
*NC- > NCʰ (Nasu and Gepu)
*s- > ɕ- (Zuoke and Polo)
*xl- > ɬ-,h- (Sani, Axi, Azhe, Azha)
*plh- > tʰ- (Nisoid)
*ŋg- > (n)dz-,dz- (Nisoid)
Demographics and varieties
Wang (2003)
Yiyu Fangyan Bijiao Yanjiu (彝语方言比较研究) by Wang Chengyou (王成有) (2003)[3] gives phonological inventories for
Yi (Nisoish) languages spoken in the following locations.
YYFC (1983) was subsequently republished as Zhang (2017).[50]
References
^Bradley, David (2002). "The Subgrouping of Tibeto-Burman". In Beckwith, Christopher; Blezer, Henk (eds.). Medieval Tibeto-Burman Languages. Leiden: Brill. pp. 73–112.
^YYFC (Yunnan University for Nationalities and Guiding Committee of Studying and Working on Yunnan Minority Languages 云南民族大学格云南民族语文指导工作委员会编). 1983. 云南彝语方言 词语汇编 [A Collection of Yi Dialects’ Lexicon in Yunnan] (Handwritten mimeographs, 3 volumes).
Chen, Kang 陈康 (2010). Yíyǔ fāngyán yánjiū 彝语方言研究 [A Study of Yi Dialects] (in Chinese). Beijing: Zhongyang minzu taxue chubanshe.
Lama, Ziwo Qiu-Fuyuan (2012). Subgrouping of Nisoic (Yi) Languages: A Study from the Perspectives of Shared Innovation and Phylogenetic Estimation (Ph.D. thesis). University of Texas at Arlington.
hdl:10106/11161.
Pelkey, Jamin (2011). Dialectology as Dialectic: Interpreting Phula Variation. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton.
The Nisoish or Yi languages, which contains both the Northern Loloish (Northern Ngwi) and Southeastern Loloish (Southeastern Ngwi) branches, are a branch of the
Loloish languages proposed by Lama (2012). Northern Loloish and Southeastern Loloish were established by Bradley (1997), while the Nisoish group combining Bradley's two branches was proposed by Ziwo Lama (2012). Lama (2012) refers to Northern Loloish as Nisoid or Nisu–Lope, and Southeastern Loloish as Axi–Puoid.
Classification history
In the past, Southeastern Loloish languages had variously been classified as
Northern Loloish or
Central Loloish, but were later recognized as forming a separate branch of Loloish by Bradley (2002).[1] Jamin Pelkey (2011:368-371) also noted that Southeastern Loloish and Northern Loloish branches are likely to be
sister branches with each other. Shortly later, Ziwo Lama's (2012) computational phylogenetic analysis of the Lolo-Burmese languages gave further support to Pelkey's hypothesis. Northern Loloish and Southeastern Loloish languages were also found to constitute a single branch in Satterthwaite-Phillips' (2011) computational phylogenetic analysis of the Lolo-Burmese languages, who considers
Nasu,
Nosu,
Nisu, and
Samei as belonging to the same branch.[2]
Languages
Lama (2012)'s Nisoish branch is contains two subgroups, namely Axi–Puoid (also known as Southeastern Loloish) and Nisoid (also known as Northern Loloish). Lama (2012) gives the following internal phylogeny for the Nisoish branch.
Lama (2012) lists the following changes from
Proto-Loloish as phonological innovations among various branches and languages of Nisoish.
*NC- > NCʰ (Nasu and Gepu)
*s- > ɕ- (Zuoke and Polo)
*xl- > ɬ-,h- (Sani, Axi, Azhe, Azha)
*plh- > tʰ- (Nisoid)
*ŋg- > (n)dz-,dz- (Nisoid)
Demographics and varieties
Wang (2003)
Yiyu Fangyan Bijiao Yanjiu (彝语方言比较研究) by Wang Chengyou (王成有) (2003)[3] gives phonological inventories for
Yi (Nisoish) languages spoken in the following locations.
YYFC (1983) was subsequently republished as Zhang (2017).[50]
References
^Bradley, David (2002). "The Subgrouping of Tibeto-Burman". In Beckwith, Christopher; Blezer, Henk (eds.). Medieval Tibeto-Burman Languages. Leiden: Brill. pp. 73–112.
^YYFC (Yunnan University for Nationalities and Guiding Committee of Studying and Working on Yunnan Minority Languages 云南民族大学格云南民族语文指导工作委员会编). 1983. 云南彝语方言 词语汇编 [A Collection of Yi Dialects’ Lexicon in Yunnan] (Handwritten mimeographs, 3 volumes).
Chen, Kang 陈康 (2010). Yíyǔ fāngyán yánjiū 彝语方言研究 [A Study of Yi Dialects] (in Chinese). Beijing: Zhongyang minzu taxue chubanshe.
Lama, Ziwo Qiu-Fuyuan (2012). Subgrouping of Nisoic (Yi) Languages: A Study from the Perspectives of Shared Innovation and Phylogenetic Estimation (Ph.D. thesis). University of Texas at Arlington.
hdl:10106/11161.
Pelkey, Jamin (2011). Dialectology as Dialectic: Interpreting Phula Variation. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton.