Muhammad Jamalul Alam II | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sultan of Brunei | |||||
Reign | 10 May 1906 – 11 September 1924 | ||||
Coronation | 15 May 1918 | ||||
Predecessor | Hashim | ||||
Successor | Ahmad Tajuddin | ||||
Born | Muhammad Jamalul Alam 1889 Istana Kampong Ayer, Brunei Town, Brunei | ||||
Died | 11 September 1924 Istana Majlis, Brunei Town, Brunei | (aged 34–35)||||
Burial |
Kubah Makam Diraja, Brunei Town, Brunei | ||||
Spouses | Siti Fatimah (died 1947)Tengah (
m. 1910) | ||||
Issue | List
| ||||
| |||||
Father | Hashim Jalilul Alam Aqamaddin | ||||
Mother | Siti Fatimah | ||||
Religion | Islam |
Muhammad Jamalul Alam II ( Jawi: محمد جمال العالم٢; Malay: Muhammad Jamalul Alam II ibni Sultan Hashim Jalilul Alam Aqamaddin; 1889 – 11 September 1924) was the 26th Sultan of Brunei from 1906 until his death in 1924. [1]
Born in 1889 at Istana Kampong Ayer, Bandar Brunei, he was the eldest surviving son of Sultan Hashim Jalilul Alam Aqamaddin and Siti Fatimah binti Radin Othman. Before he became sultan, he was known as Pengiran Muda Bongsu Muhammad Jamalul Alam. [2]
He ascended to the throne at the age of 17 after the death of his father in 1906. [3] It is notable that he also became the first Sultan of Brunei to speak English. [4] The responsibility of the Sultan was in the hands of the Majlis Pemangku Raja (Council of Regency). [5] During his reign, he aimed to encourage new developments in agriculture, medicine, and education. [6] Moreover, his reign was in charge of Brunei during its most impoverished state. [7]
With the introduction of the Residential System in Brunei in 1906, all the executive power, except in matters of religion and tradition, was transferred from the Sultan to the Resident. [8] In 1909, he relocated his residence on land, [9] and later encouraged Chinese to settle in Brunei for commercial skills. [10] Jamalul Alam was convinced by the bendahara ( vizier) to signed a petition to change 5 points to the 1905 treaty. [11] It was also during his reign that Islamic Law was officially introduced in the country. [6] This was known as Mohammedan Laws Enactment. [12] It was introduced in 1912, replacing the Kanun Brunei. [13] Then in 1913, the Marriage and Divorce Act was introduced. [12] It was only on 15 May 1918 that he was crowned as sultan. [14] [15]
In 1922, he moved from Istana Kampong Ayer to Istana Majlis. [16] That same year, a band of traditional musicians was sent to Singapore as attendants to the Sultan. [17] The first discovery of crude oil in Brunei occurred during his reign but not before major oil strikes were made in Seria in 1927. [18]
He also encouraged learning Islam and built a mosque despite the country's lack of revenue. [6] During World War II, the mosque was destroyed due to the intense shelling and fighting within the towns in Brunei. [19]
An outbreak of malaria claimed his life at age 35 as well as three other members of his family on 11 September 1924. [20] He was succeeded by his eldest son, Pengiran Muda Besar Ahmad Tajuddin. [21] He was buried at the Royal Mausoleum at Jalan Tutong. [22]
Jamalul Alam was married to Tengah and Siti Fatimah. [23]
He had a total of 10 children whom were;
Muhammad Jamalul Alam II | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sultan of Brunei | |||||
Reign | 10 May 1906 – 11 September 1924 | ||||
Coronation | 15 May 1918 | ||||
Predecessor | Hashim | ||||
Successor | Ahmad Tajuddin | ||||
Born | Muhammad Jamalul Alam 1889 Istana Kampong Ayer, Brunei Town, Brunei | ||||
Died | 11 September 1924 Istana Majlis, Brunei Town, Brunei | (aged 34–35)||||
Burial |
Kubah Makam Diraja, Brunei Town, Brunei | ||||
Spouses | Siti Fatimah (died 1947)Tengah (
m. 1910) | ||||
Issue | List
| ||||
| |||||
Father | Hashim Jalilul Alam Aqamaddin | ||||
Mother | Siti Fatimah | ||||
Religion | Islam |
Muhammad Jamalul Alam II ( Jawi: محمد جمال العالم٢; Malay: Muhammad Jamalul Alam II ibni Sultan Hashim Jalilul Alam Aqamaddin; 1889 – 11 September 1924) was the 26th Sultan of Brunei from 1906 until his death in 1924. [1]
Born in 1889 at Istana Kampong Ayer, Bandar Brunei, he was the eldest surviving son of Sultan Hashim Jalilul Alam Aqamaddin and Siti Fatimah binti Radin Othman. Before he became sultan, he was known as Pengiran Muda Bongsu Muhammad Jamalul Alam. [2]
He ascended to the throne at the age of 17 after the death of his father in 1906. [3] It is notable that he also became the first Sultan of Brunei to speak English. [4] The responsibility of the Sultan was in the hands of the Majlis Pemangku Raja (Council of Regency). [5] During his reign, he aimed to encourage new developments in agriculture, medicine, and education. [6] Moreover, his reign was in charge of Brunei during its most impoverished state. [7]
With the introduction of the Residential System in Brunei in 1906, all the executive power, except in matters of religion and tradition, was transferred from the Sultan to the Resident. [8] In 1909, he relocated his residence on land, [9] and later encouraged Chinese to settle in Brunei for commercial skills. [10] Jamalul Alam was convinced by the bendahara ( vizier) to signed a petition to change 5 points to the 1905 treaty. [11] It was also during his reign that Islamic Law was officially introduced in the country. [6] This was known as Mohammedan Laws Enactment. [12] It was introduced in 1912, replacing the Kanun Brunei. [13] Then in 1913, the Marriage and Divorce Act was introduced. [12] It was only on 15 May 1918 that he was crowned as sultan. [14] [15]
In 1922, he moved from Istana Kampong Ayer to Istana Majlis. [16] That same year, a band of traditional musicians was sent to Singapore as attendants to the Sultan. [17] The first discovery of crude oil in Brunei occurred during his reign but not before major oil strikes were made in Seria in 1927. [18]
He also encouraged learning Islam and built a mosque despite the country's lack of revenue. [6] During World War II, the mosque was destroyed due to the intense shelling and fighting within the towns in Brunei. [19]
An outbreak of malaria claimed his life at age 35 as well as three other members of his family on 11 September 1924. [20] He was succeeded by his eldest son, Pengiran Muda Besar Ahmad Tajuddin. [21] He was buried at the Royal Mausoleum at Jalan Tutong. [22]
Jamalul Alam was married to Tengah and Siti Fatimah. [23]
He had a total of 10 children whom were;