From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Cinema related to the philosophy of minimalism
Minimalist cinema is related to the art and philosophy of
minimalism .
Background
In film, minimalism usually is associated with filmmakers such as
Robert Bresson ,
Chantal Akerman ,
Carl Theodor Dreyer , and
Yasujirō Ozu . Their films typically tell a simple story with straightforward camera usage and minimal use of score.
Paul Schrader named their kind of cinema: "transcendental cinema".
[1] In the present, a commitment to minimalist filmmaking can be seen in film movements such as
Dogme 95 ,
mumblecore , and the
Romanian New Wave .
Abbas Kiarostami ,
[2]
Elia Suleiman ,
[3] and
Kelly Reichardt are also considered minimalist filmmakers.
The Minimalists – Joshua Fields Millburn, Ryan Nicodemus, and Matt D'Avella – directed and produced the film Minimalism: A Documentary ,
[4] which showcased the idea of minimal living in the modern world.
Notable filmmakers
This type of film includes the works of directors like:
List of notable minimalist films
20th century
The Passion of Joan of Arc (
Carl Theodore Dreyer , 1928)
Dots (
Norman McLaren , 1940)
Paisan (
Roberto Rossellini , 1946)
Rope (
Alfred Hitchcock , 1948)
I Shot Jesse James (
Samuel Fuller , 1949)
Gerald McBoing Boing (Robert Cannon, 1951)
Monsieur Hulot's Holiday (
Jacques Tati , 1953)
The Tell Tale Heart (Ted Parmelee, 1953)
Tokyo Story (
Yasujirō Ozu , 1953)
Billy Boy (
Tex Avery , 1954)
The Big Combo (
Joseph H. Lewis , 1955)
Ordet (
Carl Theodore Dreyer , 1955)
A Man Escaped (
Robert Bresson , 1956)
The Red Balloon (
Albert Lamorisse , 1956)
12 Angry Men (
Sidney Lumet , 1957)
Elevator to the Gallows (
Louis Malle , 1958)
Plan 9 from Outer Space (
Ed Wood , 1959)
Surogat (
Dušan Vukotić , 1961)
An Autumn Afternoon (
Yasujirō Ozu , 1962)
Eegah (
Arch Hall Sr. , 1962)
Winter Light (
Ingmar Bergman , 1963)
Diamonds of the Night (
Jan Němec , 1964)
Fail Safe (
Sidney Lumet , 1964)
Red Desert (
Michelangelo Antonioni , 1964)
Au Hasard Balthazar (
Robert Bresson , 1966)
Mouchette (
Robert Bresson , 1967)
Playtime (
Jacques Tati , 1967)
Wavelength (
Michael Snow , 1967)
The Fly (Vladimir Jutrisa and Aleksandar Marks, 1968)
2001: A Space Odyssey (
Stanley Kubrick , 1968)
Surface Tension (
Hollis Frampton , 1968)
Bambi Meets Godzilla (
Marv Newland , 1969)
Lemon (
Hollis Frampton , 1969)
Serene Velocity (
Ernie Gehr , 1970)
Duel (
Steven Spielberg , 1971)
Two-Lane Blacktop (
Monte Hellman , 1971)
Silent Running (
Douglas Trumbull , 1972)
Fantastic Planet (
Rene Laloux , 1973)
Dark Star (
John Carpenter , 1974)
Sisyphus (
Marcell Jankovics , 1974)
Jeanne Dielman, 23 quai du Commerce, 1080 Bruxelles (
Chantal Ackerman , 1975)
Assault on Precinct 13 (
John Carpenter , 1976)
Taxi Driver (
Martin Scorsese , 1976)
David (
Paul Driessen , 1977)
Suspiria (
Dario Argento , 1977)
Days of Heaven (
Terrence Malick , 1978)
The Driver (
Walter Hill , 1978)
Halloween (
John Carpenter 1978)
Mad Max (
George Miller , 1979)
My Dinner with Andre (
Louis Malle , 1981)
Tango (
Zbig Rybczynski , 1981)
Liquid Sky (
Slava Tsukerman , 1982)
Koyaanisqatsi (
Godfrey Reggio , 1983)
Secret Honor (
Robert Altman , 1984)
Stranger Than Paradise (
Jim Jarmusch , 1984)
Down by Law (
Jim Jarmusch , 1986)
Full Metal Jacket (
Stanley Kubrick , 1987)
Swimming to Cambodia (
Jonathan Demme , 1987)
Alice (
Jan Svankmajer , 1988)
Leningrad Cowboys Go America (
Aki Kaurismaki , 1989)
The Seventh Continent (
Michael Haneke , 1989)
The Match Factory Girl , (
Aki Kaurismäki , 1990)
Metropolitan (
Whit Stillman , 1990)
Blue (
Derek Jarman , 1993)
Chungking Express (
Wong Kar-wai , 1994)
Clerks (
Kevin Smith , 1994)
Before Sunrise (
Richard Linklater , 1995) and the sequels
Before Sunset (2004) and
Before Midnight (2013)
Safe (
Todd Haynes , 1995)
Gattaca (
Andrew Niccol , 1997)
Little Dieter Needs to Fly (
Werner Herzog , 1997)
A Taste of Cherry (
Abbas Kiarostami , 1997)
Festen (
Thomas Vinterberg , 1998)
American Beauty (
Sam Mendes , 1999)
The Blair Witch Project (
Daniel Myrick and
Eduardo Sánchez , 1999)
The Wind Will Carry Us (
Abbas Kiarostami , 1999)
21st century
Cast Away (
Robert Zemeckis , 2000)
In the Mood for Love (
Wong Kar-wai , 2000)
Y tu mamá también (
Alfonso Cuarón , 2001)
Tape (
Richard Linklater , 2001)
Gerry (
Gus van Sant , 2002)
Ten (
Abbas Kiarostami , 2002)
Dogville (
Lars von Trier , 2003)
Open Water (
Chris Kentis , 2003)
The Triplets of Belleville (
Sylvain Chomet , 2003)
Napoleon Dynamite (
Jared Hess , 2004)
Brick (
Rian Johnson , 2005)
The Death of Mr. Lazarescu (
Cristi Puiu , 2005)
Hard Candy (
David Slade , 2005)
Old Joy (
Kelly Reichardt , 2006)
I'm Not There (
Todd Haynes , 2007)
Once (
John Carney , 2007)
There Will Be Blood (
Paul Thomas Anderson , 2007)
Baghead (
Jay and
Mark Duplass , 2008)
WALL-E (
Andrew Stanton , 2008)
Wendy and Lucy (
Kelly Reichardt , 2008)
500 Days of Summer (
Marc Webb , 2009)
Moon (
Duncan Jones , 2009)
127 Hours (
Danny Boyle , 2010)
Beyond the Black Rainbow (
Panos Cosmatos , 2010)
Winter's Bone (
Debra Granik , 2010)
Hanna (
Joe Wright , 2011)
Once Upon a Time in Anatolia (
Nuri Bilge Ceylan , 2011)
The Turin Horse (
Ágnes Hranitzky and
Bela Tarr , 2011)
It's Such a Beautiful Day (
Don Hertzfeldt , 2012)
The Master (
Paul Thomas Anderson , 2012)
Moonrise Kingdom (
Wes Anderson , 2012)
All Is Lost (
J.C. Chandor , 2013)
Gravity (
Alfonso Cuarón , 2013)
Her (
Spike Jonze , 2013)
Locke (
Steven Knight , 2013)
Only Lovers Left Alive (
Jim Jarmusch , 2013)
Under the Skin (
Jonathan Glazer , 2013)
Visitors (
Godfrey Reggio , 2013)
Ex Machina (
Alex Garland , 2014)
It Follows (
David Robert Mitchell , 2014)
The Killing of a Sacred Deer (
Yorgos Lanthimos , 2015)
The Revenant (
Alejandro González Iñárritu , 2015)
Room (
Lenny Abrahamson , 2015)
Certain Women (
Kelly Reichardt , 2016)
My Life as a Zucchini (
Claude Barras , 2016)
The Red Turtle (
Michael Dudok de Wit , 2016)
10 Cloverfield Lane (
Dan Trachtenberg , 2016)
Lady Bird (
Greta Gerwig , 2017)
The Rider (
Chloé Zhao , 2017)
A Quiet Place (
John Krasinski , 2018)
Roma (
Alfonso Cuarón , 2018)
Away (Gints Zilbalodis, 2019)
First Cow (
Kelly Reichardt , 2019)
Sound of Metal (
Darius Marder , 2019)
If Anything Happens I Love You (
Will McCormack and
Michael Govier , 2020)
Minari (
Lee Isaac Chung , 2020)
Nomadland (
Chloé Zhao , 2020)
Wolfwalkers (
Tomm Moore and Ross Stewart, 2020)
The Woman Who Ran (
Hong Sang-soo , 2020)
Belfast (
Kenneth Branagh , 2021)
Drive My Car (
Ryusuke Hamaguchi , 2021)
The Tragedy of Macbeth (
Joel Coen , 2021)
Marcel the Shell with Shoes On (
Dean Fleischer Camp , 2022)
My Year of Dicks (
Sara Gunnarsdóttir , 2022)
Saint Omer (
Alice Diop , 2022)
Tár (
Todd Field , 2022)
Women Talking (
Sarah Polley , 2022)
Fallen Leaves (
Aki Kaurismäki , 2023)
Past Lives (
Celine Song , 2023)
Perfect Days (
Wim Wenders , 2023)
Robot Dreams (
Pablo Berger , 2023)
Showing Up (
Kelly Reichardt , 2023)
Sources
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[41]
[42]
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[45]
[46]
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[56]
[57]
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[59]
[60]
[61]
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[67]
[68]
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[70]
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[72]
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[75]
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[78]
[79]
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[81]
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[83]
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[90]
[91]
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[94]
[95]
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[99]
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[105]
[106]
[107]
[108]
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[110]
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[112]
[113]
[114]
[115]
[116]
[117]
[118]
[119]
[120]
[121]
[122]
[123]
[124]
[125]
[126]
[127]
[128]
[129]
[130]
[131]
[132]
[133]
[21]
[134]
[135]
[136]
[137]
[138]
[139]
[140]
[141]
[142]
[143]
[144]
[145]
[146]
[147]
[29]
[148]
[149]
[150]
[151]
[152]
[153]
[154]
[155]
[156]
[157]
[158]
[159]
[160]
[161]
[162]
See also
References
^
Paul Schrader on Revisiting Transcendental Style in Film .
2017 Toronto International Film Festival – via YouTube.
^
"Taste of Cherry" . Cinematheque .
Cleveland Institute of Art . September 2016. Retrieved 2022-01-14 .
^ Gautaman Bhaskaran (2019-10-23).
"It Must Be Heaven : Elia Suleiman's sardonic take on the world" .
Arab News . Retrieved 2022-01-14 .
^
"Films by The Minimalists" .
The Minimalists . Retrieved 2019-04-09 .
^
Goodbye, Dragon Inn - Metrograph
^
The Films Of Robert Bresson: A Retrospective|IndieWire
^
The art of Chloe Zhao, Arts - THE BUSINESS TIMES
^
Kelly Reichardt: Powerfully Observant|MoMA
^
The Beginner's Guide: Yasujiro Ozu, Director|Film Inquiry
^
The Life and Death of Colonel Blimp, Directed by The Archers|Talk Cinema
^
Minimalism and art-cinema narration in Gus van Sant's Gerry, Elephant and Last Days - Iowa State University
^
The Tarkovsky legacy: Andrei Tarkovsky and his arthouse impact|Sight & Sound|BFI
^
Warhol Film Screening——Minimalism and Seriality: Part II|Whitney Museum of American Art
^
One Sound After Another: Film and West Coast Minimalism|Walker Art Center
^
The Burden of Other People's Thoughts: Don Hertzfeldt Talks ‘World of Tomorrow Episode Two’|Animation World Network
^
The Love Witch director Anna Biller: ‘I’m in conversation with the pornography all around us’|Movies|The Guardian
^
Review: From Iran, '3 Faces' Finds Nuance In The Clash Of Old And New : NPR
^
FILM VIEW; The Giddy Minimalism of Jim Jarmusch - The New York Times
^
Bloomsbury Collections - The Cinema of Alexander Sokurov
^
Norman McLaren - Google Books (pg.140)
^
a
b
"Cartoons Considered For An Academy Award – 1977 -" . cartoonresearch.com .
^
The Master of Minimalism / Retrospective of filmmaker Michelangelo Antonioni's innovative films spans six decades - SFGATE
^
A Hollis Frampton Odyssey Blu-ray Review | High Def Digest
^
Pop cinema: aesthetic conversations between art and the moving-image - ERA
^
J. Hoberman on Ernie Gehr - Artfourm International
^
HUSBANDS: Saturdays are for the Boys - Hyperreal Film Club
^
Talking Screens, December 16-22, 2022: “All The Beauty and The Bloodshed” is One of the Year’s Finest | “Bardo” is a Small Story Told on an Immense Canvas - Newcity Film
^
Movies Don’t Scare Me: A Decade of John Carpenter|In Review Online
^
a
b
John Carpenter: Father of the Slasher Film | The VICE Guide To Film - VICE on YouTube
^
Clint Eastwood: Immovable Boulder|In Review Online
^
Light Cone - Michael Snow
^
Michael Snow obituary: Canadian giant of experimental cinema|BFI
^
Light Cone - FIVE FILMS BY LARRY GOTTHEIM
^
Abbas Kiarostami: Life as Art|BAMPFA
^
What Makes Kiarostami a Modern Master? Start Here - The New York Times
^
Louis Malle: Docs
^
10 Great Minimalist Films That Are Worth Your Time - Taste of Cinema
^
10 Great Minimalist Films That Are Worth Your Time - Taste of Cinema - Page 2 - Taste of Cinema
^
Best Minimalist Movies|12 Top Minimalism Films Ever - Cinemaholic
^
10 Minimalist Horror Movies|The Young Folks
^
6 Minimalist Sci Fi Movies to Watch - TectoGizmo
^
20 Minimalist Movies Which Redefined Film-Making - Storypick
^
'Roma' Is Painfully Beautiful|PopMatters
^
Industrial Arts: Michelangelo Antonioni's Red Desert and Minimalism and Land Art - National Gallery of Art
^
Look of the Week: the sleek futuristic minimalism of Gattaca|SYFY WIRE
^
9 Minimalist Films That Will Open Your Eyes - Minimal Daily
^
Repast is prologue - Los Angeles Times
^
Minimalism Takes Flight : Hyperallergic
^
The Best Movies of 2020|IndieWire
^
20 Most Underrated Movies of the Decade (2010-2019) - The Cinemaholic
^
The Best Independent Films of 2020|Flickering Myth
^
Acting Naturally — Point of View Magazine
^
THE WOMAN WHO RAN (2020) REVIEW – HONG SANG-SOO’S TYPICALLY SUBTLE AND PLAYFULLY KNOTTY DRAMA - High On Films
^
'Away' review - The Hollywood Reporter
^
Here Are Six Indie Animated Features That Deserve An Oscar Nomination This Year|Cartoon Brew
^
ORIGINAL-CIN YEAR IN REVIEW: 2020’S BEST AND WORST MOVIES —— Original Cin
^
This new Netflix short shows how parents grieve after a tragedy - Legacy.com
^
Minimalist movies: 5 different approach|Yapim Ekibi
^
BEYOND THE BLACK RAINBOW — Film Review — ZekeFilm
^
Interview: “Beyond The Black Rainbow” Director Panos Cosmatos Talks His Bizarre Sci-Fi/Horror Fever Dream|Complex
^
That's not my finger! and the rest of this week's movies|Bleader
^
Chantal Akerman: celebrating the exquisite cinematic moments of a tremendous talent|Chantal Akerman|The Guardian
^
Review|This '50s Danish flick will keep you on your toes - The Crimson White
^
Yasujiro Ozu: like Austen, he tells the same satisfying story again and again|Movies|The Guardian
^
Clerks: 10 Ways It Established Kevin Smith's Style|ScreenRant
^
The Rise of Minimalist Filmmaking, and Analysis of Best Picture of Best Picture Oscar Winner 'Nomadland' - Hollywood Insider
^
Gerry|NW Film Center
^
Androgyny and aliens in eighties cult film 'Liquid Sky' on Amazon Prime Video - Stream On Demand
^
Toronto Review: Godfrey Reggio Celebrates 30 Years Since 'Koyaanisqatsi' With Extraordinary Philip Glass-Scored 'Visitors'|IndieWire
^
After Koyaanisqatsi, Godfrey Reggio's Visitors : The Conversation
^
Jim Jarmusch|AV Club
^
Baghead - CINEMABLEND
^
Baghead - Paste
^
Indie film pulls nothing interesting out of the bag - Baltimore Sun
^
An exploration of foreign films: Unique cinematography and minimalist themes distinguish ‘Tokyo Story’|The Stanford Daily
^
10 Essential Aki Kaurismaki Films - High On Films
^
10 essential films from the 'Minimalist' genre|Far Out Magazine
^
Abbas Kiarostami: sophisticated, self-possessed master of cinematic poetry|Abbas Kiarostami|The Guardian
^
TASTE OF CHERRY|Cleveland Institute of Art
^
Scott MacDonald on Hollis Frampton - Artfourm International
^
In Hollis Frampton's 'Surface Tension', a Stroll Through 1968 New York, in 160 Seconds - The New York Times
^
The Complete Works of Influential Experimental Filmmaker Michael Snow Come to New York - Hyperallergic
^
Duel at 50: Steven Spielberg's debut remains a ferocious thriller|Steven Spielberg|The Guardian
^
Denis Villeneuve's Dune Shows the Limits of the Filmmaker's Sci-Fi|Collider
^
The Red Turtle review — rapturous minimalism from Studio Ghibli|Film|The Guardian
^
The Best 90s Movies|Incredible Films From The 1990s|Time Out
^
Why Critics Hate the Movies You Love|The Young Ones
^
The Woman Who Ran (2020)|MUBI
^
Film of the week:Certain Women, Kelly Reichardt's minimalist Montana triptych|BFI
^
A Brief Introduction to the Remarkable Films of Kelly Reichardt|AnOther Magazine
^
'Koyaanisqatsi' renews emotion in minimalist film - Deseret News
^
The 50 Best First Films Ever Made - MTV
^
A Century of Inspiration - The American Cinematographer
^
The 10 Most Cinematic Movies With Minimalist Plot — Page 2 — Taste of Cinema
^
The 10 Most Cinematic Movies With Minimalist Plot — Taste of Cinema
^
10 Films That Prove That Silence Is Golden|Collider
^
'The Tragedy of Macbeth' is magnificent as it is minimalist - The Boar
^
Enter the Nightmarish World of Joel Coen's 'The Tragedy of Macbeth' - The Atlantic
^
Maslin, Janet (September 15, 1999).
" 'American Beauty': Dad's Dead, and He's Still a Funny Guy" .
The New York Times .
Archived from the original on June 3, 2020. Retrieved August 20, 2020 .
^
Film review: Coen takes a bold approach to filming 'The Tragedy of Macbeth' — Sightlines
^
Ernie Gehr's 'Serene Velocity', 'The Red Shoes', 'Dog House' and more: Beyond the Multiplex - oregonlive.com
^
FILM NOTES - The Washington Post
^
Brick: How Rian Johnson Used Film Noir to Depict High School - MovieWeb
^
Winter's Bone: How the Barren Sights and Sounds Create Fear|Collider
^
Movies That Did Wonders With a Budget of Under $1 Million|Collider
^
The 50 Best Movies on HBO Max Right Now - The New York Times
^
Is this the worst film ever made? - BBC Culture
^
Jenny Slate on voicing the melancholy "Marcel the Shell" and creating a laugh "that's not creepy"|Salon.com
^
The Harry Potter Directors' Best Movies (Not In The Wizarding World), According to IMDb
^
100 Greatest Animated Shorts / Gerald McBoing Boing / Robert Cannon - Skwigly Animation Magazine
^
When Magoo Flew - Google Books (pg.106)
^
Begone Dull Care – Senses of Cinema
^
Bringing a John Cassavetes Classic to the Stage With a Volcanic Performance - Hyperallergic
^
Artist of the week 20: Michael Snow|Culture|The Guardian
^
Spike & Mike's Animation Fest Is Back - The Santa Barbara Independent
^
"Horror's Minimalist Masterpiece: 'Halloween' " .
^
10 Best Animated Films That Should Have Been Nominated For Best Picture|Collider
^
“It’s a Pretty Unambiguous Condemnation of a New Age Answer to Life’s Problems”: Writer/Director Todd Haynes on Safe|Filmmaker Magazine
^
Todd Haynes’s Out-of-Time City Symphony “Wonderstruck” Lives Up to Its Name - The Village Voice
^
Safe: Nowhere to Hide|Current|The Criterion Collection
^
10 Great Films From 2022 - Our Culture
^
Assault on Precinct 13 — John Carpenter|In Review Online
^
Top 25 of 2020 — 10-1|In Review Online
^
Wolfwalkers|Tomm Moore and Ross Stewart|In Review Online
^
Women Talking - WCBE
^
Making and Unmaking the Upscale, Minimalist World of ‘TÁR’|IndieWire
^
EXCLUSIVE: WATCH A RESTORED CULT ANIMATED SHORT FROM MARCELL JANKOVICS|Austin Film Society
^
10 Best Movies About Philosophy, Ranked - Screen Rant
^
Animated shorts up for Oscars tackle life and all its follies - Boston Herald
^
Unconventional Excitement: 10 Best Action Movies Without Fistfights, Shootouts, or Car Chases|Collider
^
DRIVER, THE (4K UHD REVIEW) - The Digital Bits
^
When Comedy Films Are Scary - arts, ink.
^
The film Edgar Wright calls a "minimalist masterclass"|Far Out Magazine
^
‘My Life As A Zucchini’ Director Claude Barras On The Hard Work of Simplicity and Minimalism|Cartoon Brew
^
10 Great Movies Featuring Minimalist Storytelling - Taste of Cinema
^
10 Great Movies Featuring Minimalist Storytelling - Page 2 - Taste of Cinema
^
The Red Balloon (1956, Fr.) (aka Le Ballon Rouge) - filmsite.org
^
Paisan (1946) - filmsite.org
^
Monsieur Hulot's Holiday (1953) - filmsite.org
^
Diamonds of the Night (1964) - filmsite.org
^
Fail Safe - Trailers From Hell
^
Fantastic Planet - Trailers From Hell
^
Eegah - Trailers From Hell
^
Tex Avery Screwball Classics Volume 3 - Trailers From Hell
^
The Crimson Kimono - Trailers From Hell
^
The Naked Prey - Trailers From Hell
^
The Killing of a Sacred Deer - Trailers From Hell
^
Every Stanley Kubrick Movie, Ranked By Rewatchability - Screen Rant
^
The 10 Best Modern Ambient Films - Page 2 - Taste of Cinema
^
Brief Descriptions and Expanded Essays of Titles at National Film Registry
^
ZBIG VISION Film Catalogue, Zbig Rybczynski
^
‘Fallen Leaves’ Review: Aki Kaurismäki Stages a Tiny Sliver of a Romance in a Quirky Finnish Kaurismäki Land That Hasn’t Changed in 30 Years - Variety
^
'Showing Up' is Kelly Reichardt's Loosest and Most Playful Film (Review) — World of Reel
^
Animafest Zagreb’s Reanimation of Aleksandar Marks (GoCritic! Review)|Zippy Frames
^
Visitors from the Arkana Galaxy - Trailers From Hell
^
Movie reiew: Past Lives (2023) is a minimalist romance by Celia Song that has been a surprising international hit - Financial Review
^
Fallen Leaves review | Kaurismäki applies his minimalist approach to love|Film Stories
^
Elevator to the Gallows - Criterion Collection - IGN
^
September In Theater - Journal - Metrograph
^
Whit Stillman In Person - Metrograph
^
Perfect Days (Film Review) - Filmhounds Magazine
^
A Review of Robot Dreams: Robot and Dog, Slave to No Man But Love - Pelican
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