Median nail dystrophy | |
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Other names | Dystrophia unguis mediana canaliformis, median canaliform dystrophy of Heller, and solenonychia. |
Specialty | Dermatology |
Median nail dystrophy, also known as dystrophia unguis mediana canaliformis, median canaliform dystrophy of Heller, [1]: 657 and solenonychia consists of longitudinal splitting or canal formation in the midline of the nail, a split which often resembles a fir tree, occurring at the cuticle and proceeding outward as the nail grows. [2]: 788
Thumbs, which are the most commonly involved, usually show an enlarged lunula resulting probably from repeated pressure applied on the base of the nail. [1]: 657
Median nail dystrophy presents as gifts that resemble an upside-down fir tree or Christmas tree because to tiny fissures or cracks that break toward the nail edge or extend laterally from the center canal. [3] Usually symmetrical, the ailment primarily affects the thumbs, though it can also affect other fingers or toes. [4] There may be lunula enlargement, redness, and thickening of the proximal nail fold. [5]
Although it is an acquired illness, there have been reports of familial clustering of instances. [4] The illness most likely stems from a transient flaw in the matrix that prevents nails from growing. [6] One component that has been identified as causal is trauma. [7]
Clinical findings are frequently the only basis for diagnosis. [8] Parakeratosis, or the buildup of melanin inside and between the keratinocytes in the nail bed, is typically seen in histopathology. [3]
For median nail dystrophy, treatment is frequently not required. [8] Normalcy usually returns to affected nails on its own, either when medication is stopped or after a traumatic event. [9] [7] Triamcinolone acetonide injected directly into the proximal nail fold or topical ointments have been effectively used in the treatment of median nail dystrophy, though this is not usually advised. [6] [10]
Median nail dystrophy | |
---|---|
Other names | Dystrophia unguis mediana canaliformis, median canaliform dystrophy of Heller, and solenonychia. |
Specialty | Dermatology |
Median nail dystrophy, also known as dystrophia unguis mediana canaliformis, median canaliform dystrophy of Heller, [1]: 657 and solenonychia consists of longitudinal splitting or canal formation in the midline of the nail, a split which often resembles a fir tree, occurring at the cuticle and proceeding outward as the nail grows. [2]: 788
Thumbs, which are the most commonly involved, usually show an enlarged lunula resulting probably from repeated pressure applied on the base of the nail. [1]: 657
Median nail dystrophy presents as gifts that resemble an upside-down fir tree or Christmas tree because to tiny fissures or cracks that break toward the nail edge or extend laterally from the center canal. [3] Usually symmetrical, the ailment primarily affects the thumbs, though it can also affect other fingers or toes. [4] There may be lunula enlargement, redness, and thickening of the proximal nail fold. [5]
Although it is an acquired illness, there have been reports of familial clustering of instances. [4] The illness most likely stems from a transient flaw in the matrix that prevents nails from growing. [6] One component that has been identified as causal is trauma. [7]
Clinical findings are frequently the only basis for diagnosis. [8] Parakeratosis, or the buildup of melanin inside and between the keratinocytes in the nail bed, is typically seen in histopathology. [3]
For median nail dystrophy, treatment is frequently not required. [8] Normalcy usually returns to affected nails on its own, either when medication is stopped or after a traumatic event. [9] [7] Triamcinolone acetonide injected directly into the proximal nail fold or topical ointments have been effectively used in the treatment of median nail dystrophy, though this is not usually advised. [6] [10]