MANJAKU �PAPEL LANGUAGES

Papel
Papel
Geographic; distribution	The Gambia, Senegal (esp. Casamance) and Guinea-Bissau
Linguistic classification	Niger–Congo? Atlantic–Congo Bak–Bijago Bak proper Jola–Papel Papel; ; ; ; ;
Subdivisions	Mankanya; Mandjak; Papel;
Glottolog	manj1250

The Papel languages of southern Senegal, Gambia, and northwestern Guinea-Bissau are an uncontroversial cluster of the Bak languages and form a dialect continuum. All of these names are exonyms.^[1]

Classification

Doneux (1975) classifies the Manjaku (Papel) languages as follows.^[2]

Manjaku
- Mankañ
  - Hula
  - Woo
- Cur
- Central
  - Bok
    - Lund
    - Bok
    - Tsaam
    - Siärär
  - Coastal
    - Yu
    - Sis
    - Pèpèl

References

^ Wilson, William André Auquier. 2007. Guinea Languages of the Atlantic group: description and internal classification. (Schriften zur Afrikanistik, 12.) Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang.
^ Doneux, Jean Léonce. 1975. Lexique manjaku. (Les Langues Africaines au Sénégal, 63.) Dakar: Centre de Linguistique Appliquée de Dakar.

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[Wilson-1] Wilson, William André Auquier. 2007. Guinea Languages of the Atlantic group: description and internal classification. (Schriften zur Afrikanistik, 12.) Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang.

[2] Doneux, Jean Léonce. 1975. Lexique manjaku. (Les Langues Africaines au Sénégal, 63.) Dakar: Centre de Linguistique Appliquée de Dakar.

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[2]

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Papel
Geographic distribution	The Gambia, Senegal (esp. Casamance) and Guinea-Bissau
Linguistic classification	Niger–Congo? Atlantic–Congo Bak–Bijago Bak proper Jola–Papel Papel
Subdivisions	Mankanya Mandjak Papel
Glottolog	`manj1250`