Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE, or major adverse cardiac events) is a
composite endpoint frequently used in cardiovascular research.[1][2] Despite widespread use of the term in clinical trials, the definitions of MACE can differ, which makes comparison of similar studies difficult.[3]
Definition
The so-called "classical 3-point MACE" is defined as a composite of nonfatal
stroke, nonfatal
myocardial infarction, and cardiovascular death.[4][5] But another study defines MACE as "CVD events, admission for HF (
Heart Failure), ischemic
cardiovascular [CV] events, cardiac death, or MACE".[6] Yet another study defined MACE as "CV death, hospitalization for HF, or myocardial infarction (MI)".[7]
The heterogeneity of the sets defining MACE, hampering systematic reviews and meta-analyses, has been repeatedly criticized.[8][9][10]
Two reviews have concluded that
SGLT2 inhibitors benefit patients with atherosclerotic MACE.[18][19] One of those studies defined MACE as the composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, or cardiovascular death.[18] Other studies have shown MACE to be potently predicted by levels of
ceramide found in patients.[20]
^
abZelniker TA, Wiviott SD, abatine MS (2019). "SGLT2 inhibitors for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cardiovascular outcome trials". The Lancet. 393 (10166): 31–39.
doi:
10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32590-X.
PMID30424892.
S2CID53277899.
Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE, or major adverse cardiac events) is a
composite endpoint frequently used in cardiovascular research.[1][2] Despite widespread use of the term in clinical trials, the definitions of MACE can differ, which makes comparison of similar studies difficult.[3]
Definition
The so-called "classical 3-point MACE" is defined as a composite of nonfatal
stroke, nonfatal
myocardial infarction, and cardiovascular death.[4][5] But another study defines MACE as "CVD events, admission for HF (
Heart Failure), ischemic
cardiovascular [CV] events, cardiac death, or MACE".[6] Yet another study defined MACE as "CV death, hospitalization for HF, or myocardial infarction (MI)".[7]
The heterogeneity of the sets defining MACE, hampering systematic reviews and meta-analyses, has been repeatedly criticized.[8][9][10]
Two reviews have concluded that
SGLT2 inhibitors benefit patients with atherosclerotic MACE.[18][19] One of those studies defined MACE as the composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, or cardiovascular death.[18] Other studies have shown MACE to be potently predicted by levels of
ceramide found in patients.[20]
^
abZelniker TA, Wiviott SD, abatine MS (2019). "SGLT2 inhibitors for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cardiovascular outcome trials". The Lancet. 393 (10166): 31–39.
doi:
10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32590-X.
PMID30424892.
S2CID53277899.