M33 is a gene. [1] It is a mammalian homologue of Drosophila Polycomb. [1] It localises to euchromatin within interphase nuclei, but it is enriched within the centromeric heterochromatin of metaphase chromosomes. [1] In mice, the official symbol of M33 gene styled Cbx2 and the official name chromobox 2 are maintained by the MGI. Also known as pc; MOD2. In human ortholog CBX2, synonyms CDCA6, M33, SRXY5 from orthology source HGNC. M33 was isolated by means of the structural similarity of its chromodomain. [2] It contains a region of homology shared by Xenopus and Drosophila in the fifth exon. [3] Polycomb genes in Drosophila mediate changes in higher-order chromatin structure to maintain the repressed state of developmentally regulated genes . [4] [5] It may also involved in the campomelic syndrome and neoplastic disorders linked to allele loss in this region. [6] Disruption of the murine M33 gene, displayed posterior transformation of the sternal ribs and vertebral columns . [7]
The mouse M33 gene is located on the Chromosome 11, from base pair 119,022,962 to base pair 119,031,270 (Build GRCm38/mm10). Human homolog of M33, Chromobox homolog 2 (CBX2 ) is located on Chromosome 17, from base pair 79,777,188 to base pair 79,787,650(Build GRCh38.p2).
This protein contains Chromo ( CHRromatin Organization MOdifier) domain and nuclear localization signal motif. [8] The full-length M33 sequence encodes a 519 amino acid (aa) protein. [2]
The mouse Polycomb group (PcG) protein M33 maintains repressed states of developmentally important genes, including homeotic genes and forms nuclear complexes with other PcG members. e.g. BMI1. [9] It also direct and/or indirect controls the vicinity of Hox genes regulatory regions, which are the accessibility of retinoic acid response elements . [10] homeotic transformations of the axial skeleton, and growth retardation. [11] [12] Moreover, the deficient of M33 also possessed abnormally few nucleated cells in the thymus and spleen, due to the aberrant T-cell expansion. [13] In transiently transfected cells, M33 acts as a transcriptional repressor . Biochemical assays indicate that two murine proteins, Ring1A [14] and Ring1B [14] interact directly with the repressor domain of M33 and that Ring1A can also behave as a transcriptional repressor. [15]
Katoh-Fukui et al. (1998) [5] [16]
M33 is a gene. [1] It is a mammalian homologue of Drosophila Polycomb. [1] It localises to euchromatin within interphase nuclei, but it is enriched within the centromeric heterochromatin of metaphase chromosomes. [1] In mice, the official symbol of M33 gene styled Cbx2 and the official name chromobox 2 are maintained by the MGI. Also known as pc; MOD2. In human ortholog CBX2, synonyms CDCA6, M33, SRXY5 from orthology source HGNC. M33 was isolated by means of the structural similarity of its chromodomain. [2] It contains a region of homology shared by Xenopus and Drosophila in the fifth exon. [3] Polycomb genes in Drosophila mediate changes in higher-order chromatin structure to maintain the repressed state of developmentally regulated genes . [4] [5] It may also involved in the campomelic syndrome and neoplastic disorders linked to allele loss in this region. [6] Disruption of the murine M33 gene, displayed posterior transformation of the sternal ribs and vertebral columns . [7]
The mouse M33 gene is located on the Chromosome 11, from base pair 119,022,962 to base pair 119,031,270 (Build GRCm38/mm10). Human homolog of M33, Chromobox homolog 2 (CBX2 ) is located on Chromosome 17, from base pair 79,777,188 to base pair 79,787,650(Build GRCh38.p2).
This protein contains Chromo ( CHRromatin Organization MOdifier) domain and nuclear localization signal motif. [8] The full-length M33 sequence encodes a 519 amino acid (aa) protein. [2]
The mouse Polycomb group (PcG) protein M33 maintains repressed states of developmentally important genes, including homeotic genes and forms nuclear complexes with other PcG members. e.g. BMI1. [9] It also direct and/or indirect controls the vicinity of Hox genes regulatory regions, which are the accessibility of retinoic acid response elements . [10] homeotic transformations of the axial skeleton, and growth retardation. [11] [12] Moreover, the deficient of M33 also possessed abnormally few nucleated cells in the thymus and spleen, due to the aberrant T-cell expansion. [13] In transiently transfected cells, M33 acts as a transcriptional repressor . Biochemical assays indicate that two murine proteins, Ring1A [14] and Ring1B [14] interact directly with the repressor domain of M33 and that Ring1A can also behave as a transcriptional repressor. [15]
Katoh-Fukui et al. (1998) [5] [16]