This is a list of wars involving the
Holy Roman Empire (HRE) (962–
1806[1]), since 1512 also known as the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation (
German: Heiliges Römisches Reich Deutscher Nation,
Latin: Sacrum Imperium Romanum Nationis Germanicæ).[2]
^Holy Roman Emperor
Francis II of Habsburg proclaimed the Austrian Empire on 11 August 1804, elevating the
Habsburg monarchy to imperial status by himself. The indirect causes of this move are the French conquest of the Rhineland and further expansion into Germany and the
Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of 1803, which curbed the meaning and power of the Holy Roman Empire/Emperor. The direct cause of Francis' proclamation was the adoption of the new French Constitution of 18 May 1804, which appointed
Napoleon as Emperor of the French (followed by his
coronation on 2 December 1804). Instead of an increasingly meaningless and non-hereditary title that was dependent on the cooperation of the Electors and was limited to only the northwestern parts of his Hausmacht, Francis now made all Austrian Habsburg possessions into a unified hereditary empire.
References
^
abc"Duitsland §6. Geschiedenis". Encarta Encyclopedie Winkler Prins (in Dutch). Microsoft Corporation/Het Spectrum. 2002.
^Angelov, Dimiter (2019). The Byzantine Hellene: The Life of Emperor Theodore Laskaris and Byzantium in the Thirteenth Century. Cambridge University Press. p.89.
Croxton, Derek (2013). The Last Christian Peace: The Congress of Westphalia as A Baroque Event. Palgrave Macmillan.
ISBN978-1-137-33332-2.
Heitz, Gerhard; Rischer, Henning (1995). Geschichte in Daten. Mecklenburg-Vorpommern; History in data; Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (in German). Koehler&Amelang.
ISBN3-7338-0195-4.
This is a list of wars involving the
Holy Roman Empire (HRE) (962–
1806[1]), since 1512 also known as the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation (
German: Heiliges Römisches Reich Deutscher Nation,
Latin: Sacrum Imperium Romanum Nationis Germanicæ).[2]
^Holy Roman Emperor
Francis II of Habsburg proclaimed the Austrian Empire on 11 August 1804, elevating the
Habsburg monarchy to imperial status by himself. The indirect causes of this move are the French conquest of the Rhineland and further expansion into Germany and the
Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of 1803, which curbed the meaning and power of the Holy Roman Empire/Emperor. The direct cause of Francis' proclamation was the adoption of the new French Constitution of 18 May 1804, which appointed
Napoleon as Emperor of the French (followed by his
coronation on 2 December 1804). Instead of an increasingly meaningless and non-hereditary title that was dependent on the cooperation of the Electors and was limited to only the northwestern parts of his Hausmacht, Francis now made all Austrian Habsburg possessions into a unified hereditary empire.
References
^
abc"Duitsland §6. Geschiedenis". Encarta Encyclopedie Winkler Prins (in Dutch). Microsoft Corporation/Het Spectrum. 2002.
^Angelov, Dimiter (2019). The Byzantine Hellene: The Life of Emperor Theodore Laskaris and Byzantium in the Thirteenth Century. Cambridge University Press. p.89.
Croxton, Derek (2013). The Last Christian Peace: The Congress of Westphalia as A Baroque Event. Palgrave Macmillan.
ISBN978-1-137-33332-2.
Heitz, Gerhard; Rischer, Henning (1995). Geschichte in Daten. Mecklenburg-Vorpommern; History in data; Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (in German). Koehler&Amelang.
ISBN3-7338-0195-4.