Self-managed social centers are community spaces which often feature music venues, infoshops, bicycle workshops and free schools. In French, they are termed espace autogéré and in Italian Centro Sociale Autogestito (CSA), or Centro Sociale Occupato Autogestito (CSOA) if squatted. [1] [2] These projects are concrete examples of Temporary Autonomous Zones. [3]
Name | Image | City | State | Duration | Status | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 in 12 Club | Bradford | England | 1988– | Ongoing | [4] | |
121 Centre | London | England | 1980s–1999 | Former | [5] | |
491 Gallery | London | England | 2001–2013 | Former | [ citation needed] | |
56a Infoshop | London | England | 1991– | Ongoing | [6] | |
ABC No Rio | New York City | United States | 1980– | Ongoing | [7] | |
ACU | Utrecht | Netherlands | 1976– | Ongoing | [8] | |
ADM | Amsterdam | Netherlands | 1997–2019 | Former | [9] | |
Albert Street Autonomous Zone | Winnipeg | Canada | 1995– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
ASCII | Amsterdam | Netherlands | 1999–2006 | Former | [ citation needed] | |
Au | Frankfurt | Germany | 1983– | Ongoing | [10] | |
Autonomous Centre of Edinburgh | Edinburgh | Scotland | 1997– | Ongoing | [4] | |
Bank of Ideas | London | England | 2011–2012 | Former | [11] | |
BASE | Bristol | England | 1995– | Ongoing | [12] | |
BIT | London | England | 1968–1979 | Former | [ citation needed] | |
Binz | Zürich | Switzerland | 2006–2013 | Former | [13] | |
Blauwe Aanslag | The Hague | Netherlands | 1980–2003 | Former | [14] | |
Blitz | Oslo | Norway | 1982– | Ongoing | [15] | |
Bloomsbury Social Centre | London | England | 2011–2011 | Former | [16] | |
Bluestockings | New York City | United States | 1999– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
Boxcar Books | Bloomington | United States | 2001–2017 | Former | [ citation needed] | |
Brian MacKenzie Infoshop | Washington D.C. | United States | 2003–2008 | Former | [17] | |
The Brick House | Louisville | United States | 1999– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
Buridda | Genoa | Italy | 2003–2014, 2014– | Ongoing | [18] | |
Camas Bookstore and Infoshop | Victoria | Canada | 2007– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
Can Masdeu | Barcelona | Catalonia | 2001– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
Can Vies | Barcelona | Catalonia | 1997– | Ongoing | [19] | |
Cascina Torchiera | Milan | Italy | 1992– | Ongoing | [20] | |
Catalyst Infoshop | Prescott | United States | 2004–2010 | Former | [ citation needed] | |
Centre International de Recherches sur l'Anarchisme | Lausanne | Switzerland | 1957– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
Centro 73 | Chişinău | Moldova | 2010–2010 | Former | [21] | |
Centro Iberico | London | England | c. 1970s–1982 | Former | [ citation needed] | |
Chanti Ollin | Mexico City | Mexico | 2003–2017 | Former | [22] | |
Ché Café | San Diego | United States | 1980– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
Civic Media Center | Gainsville | United States | 1992– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
Coffee Strong | Lakewood | United States | 2008– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
Common Ground Collective | New Orleans | United States | 2005– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
Conne Island | Leipzig | Germany | 1991– | Ongoing | [23] | |
Cowley Club | Brighton | England | 2002– | Ongoing | [24] | |
Cox 18 | Milan | Italy | 1976– | Ongoing | [25] | |
CSOA Forte Prenestino | Rome | Italy | 1986– | Ongoing | [26] | |
C-Squat | New York | United States | 1989– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
DIY Space for London | London | England | 2015–2020 | Closed | [27] [28] | |
EKH | Vienna | Austria | 1990– | Ongoing | [29] | |
Eskalera Karakola | Madrid | Spain | 1996– | Ongoing | [30] | |
Extrapool | Nijmegen | Netherlands | 1991– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
Firestorm Books & Coffee | Asheville | United States | 2008– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
Forest Café | Edinburgh | Scotland | 2000–2022 | Former | [ citation needed] | |
Fort Thunder | Providence | United States | 1995–2001 | Former | [31] | |
Freedom Press | London | England | 1886– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
Freedom Shop | Wellington | New Zealand | 1995– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
Grote Broek | Nijmegen | Netherlands | 1984– | Ongoing | [32] | |
Hausmania | Oslo | Norway | 2000– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
Hirvitalo | Tampere | Finland | 2006– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
Ingobernable | Madrid | Spain | 2017–2019, 2020–2020 | Former | [33] | |
Internationalist Books | Carrboro | United States | 1981–2016 | Former | [ citation needed] | |
Iron Rail Book Collective | New Orleans | United States | 2003–2012 | Former | [ citation needed] | |
Jura Books | Sydney | Australia | 1977– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
Kafé 44 | Stockholm | Sweden | 1976– | Ongoing | [34] | |
Kasa de la Muntanya | Barcelona | Catalonia | 1989– | Ongoing | [19] | |
Klinika | Prague | Czech Republic | 2014–2019 | Former | [35] | |
Køpi | Berlin | Germany | 1990– | Ongoing | [36] | |
Kulturzentrum Bremgarten | Bremgarten | Switzerland | 1990– | Ongoing | [37] | |
Kulturzentrum Reitschule | Bern | Switzerland | 1980s– | Ongoing | [38] | |
Kukutza | Bilbao | Basque Country | 1996–1996, 1998–1998, 1998–2011 | Former | [39] | |
Ladronka | Prague | Czech Republic | 1993–2000 | Former | [35] | |
Landbouwbelang | Maastricht | Netherlands | 2002– | Ongoing | [40] | |
Leoncavallo | Milan | Italy | 1975– | Ongoing | [41] | |
Lepakko | Helsinki | Finland | 1979-1999 | Evicted | [42] | |
London Action Resource Centre | London | England | 1999- | Ongoing | [43] | |
London Queer Social Centre | London | England | 2012–2014 (four locations) | Evicted | [44] | |
Lucy Parsons Center | Boston | United States | 1992– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
Metelkova | Ljubljana | Slovenia | 1993– | Ongoing | [45] | |
Milada | Prague | Czech Republic | 1997–2009 | Former | [35] | |
Noisebridge | San Francisco | United States | 2007– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
OCCII | Amsterdam | Netherlands | 1984– | Ongoing | [32] | |
Okupa Che | Mexico City | Mexico | 2000– | Ongoing | [22] | |
OT301 | Amsterdam | Netherlands | 1999– | Ongoing | [32] | |
Patio Maravillas | Madrid | Spain | 2007–2010, 2010–2015, 2015–2015 | Former | [46] | |
Poortgebouw | Rotterdam | Netherlands | 1980– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
Qilombo | West Oakland, California | United States | 2011–2019 | Former | [47] | |
rampART | London | England | 2004–2009 | Former | [48] | |
Really Free School | London | England | 2011 | Former | [ citation needed] | |
Red and Black Cafe | Portland | United States | 2000–2015 | Former | [ citation needed] | |
Red Emma's | Baltimore | United States | 2004– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
RHINO | Geneva | Switzerland | 1988–2007 | Former | [49] | |
Rog | Ljubljana | Slovenia | 2006–2021 | Former | [50] | |
Rote Flora | Hamburg | Germany | 1989– | Ongoing | [51] | |
Rozbrat | Poznań | Poland | 1994– | Ongoing | [52] | |
Salon Mazal | Tel Aviv | Israel | 2000s | Former | [53] | |
Seomra Spraoi | Dublin | Ireland | 2004–2015 | Former | [54] | |
Spartacus Books | Vancouver | Canada | 1973– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
Spike Surplus Scheme | London | England | 1999–2009 | Former | [55] | |
St Agnes Place | London | England | 1969–2005 | Former | [ citation needed] | |
Sumac Centre | Nottingham | England | 1984– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
Syndikalistiskt Forum | Gothenburg | Sweden | 1980– | Ongoing | [56] | |
Tabacalera de Lavapiés | Madrid | Spain | 2010– | Ongoing | [57] | |
Trotz Allem | Witten | Germany | 1999–2005, 2006–2006, 2010– | Ongoing | [58] | |
Turun Kirjakahvila | Turku | Finland | 1981– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
Ubica | Utrecht | Netherlands | 1992–2013 | Former | [59] | |
UFFA | Trondheim | Norway | 1981– | Ongoing | [60] | |
Ungdomshuset | Copenhagen | Denmark | 1982–2007, 2008– | Ongoing | [61] | |
Valreep | Amsterdam | Netherlands | 2011–2014 | Former | [62] | |
Villa Amalia | Athens | Greece | 1990–2012 | Former | [63] | |
Vloek | The Hague | Netherlands | 2002–2015 | Former | [64] | |
Vrankrijk | Amsterdam | Netherlands | 1982– | Ongoing | [65] | |
Vrijplaats Koppenhinksteeg | Leiden | Netherlands | 1968–2010 | Former | [66] | |
Wapping Autonomy Centre | London | England | 1981–1982 | Former | [67] | |
Warzone Centre | Belfast | Northern Ireland | 1986–2003, 2011-2018 | Former | [68] |
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Self-managed social centers are community spaces which often feature music venues, infoshops, bicycle workshops and free schools. In French, they are termed espace autogéré and in Italian Centro Sociale Autogestito (CSA), or Centro Sociale Occupato Autogestito (CSOA) if squatted. [1] [2] These projects are concrete examples of Temporary Autonomous Zones. [3]
Name | Image | City | State | Duration | Status | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 in 12 Club | Bradford | England | 1988– | Ongoing | [4] | |
121 Centre | London | England | 1980s–1999 | Former | [5] | |
491 Gallery | London | England | 2001–2013 | Former | [ citation needed] | |
56a Infoshop | London | England | 1991– | Ongoing | [6] | |
ABC No Rio | New York City | United States | 1980– | Ongoing | [7] | |
ACU | Utrecht | Netherlands | 1976– | Ongoing | [8] | |
ADM | Amsterdam | Netherlands | 1997–2019 | Former | [9] | |
Albert Street Autonomous Zone | Winnipeg | Canada | 1995– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
ASCII | Amsterdam | Netherlands | 1999–2006 | Former | [ citation needed] | |
Au | Frankfurt | Germany | 1983– | Ongoing | [10] | |
Autonomous Centre of Edinburgh | Edinburgh | Scotland | 1997– | Ongoing | [4] | |
Bank of Ideas | London | England | 2011–2012 | Former | [11] | |
BASE | Bristol | England | 1995– | Ongoing | [12] | |
BIT | London | England | 1968–1979 | Former | [ citation needed] | |
Binz | Zürich | Switzerland | 2006–2013 | Former | [13] | |
Blauwe Aanslag | The Hague | Netherlands | 1980–2003 | Former | [14] | |
Blitz | Oslo | Norway | 1982– | Ongoing | [15] | |
Bloomsbury Social Centre | London | England | 2011–2011 | Former | [16] | |
Bluestockings | New York City | United States | 1999– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
Boxcar Books | Bloomington | United States | 2001–2017 | Former | [ citation needed] | |
Brian MacKenzie Infoshop | Washington D.C. | United States | 2003–2008 | Former | [17] | |
The Brick House | Louisville | United States | 1999– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
Buridda | Genoa | Italy | 2003–2014, 2014– | Ongoing | [18] | |
Camas Bookstore and Infoshop | Victoria | Canada | 2007– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
Can Masdeu | Barcelona | Catalonia | 2001– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
Can Vies | Barcelona | Catalonia | 1997– | Ongoing | [19] | |
Cascina Torchiera | Milan | Italy | 1992– | Ongoing | [20] | |
Catalyst Infoshop | Prescott | United States | 2004–2010 | Former | [ citation needed] | |
Centre International de Recherches sur l'Anarchisme | Lausanne | Switzerland | 1957– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
Centro 73 | Chişinău | Moldova | 2010–2010 | Former | [21] | |
Centro Iberico | London | England | c. 1970s–1982 | Former | [ citation needed] | |
Chanti Ollin | Mexico City | Mexico | 2003–2017 | Former | [22] | |
Ché Café | San Diego | United States | 1980– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
Civic Media Center | Gainsville | United States | 1992– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
Coffee Strong | Lakewood | United States | 2008– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
Common Ground Collective | New Orleans | United States | 2005– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
Conne Island | Leipzig | Germany | 1991– | Ongoing | [23] | |
Cowley Club | Brighton | England | 2002– | Ongoing | [24] | |
Cox 18 | Milan | Italy | 1976– | Ongoing | [25] | |
CSOA Forte Prenestino | Rome | Italy | 1986– | Ongoing | [26] | |
C-Squat | New York | United States | 1989– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
DIY Space for London | London | England | 2015–2020 | Closed | [27] [28] | |
EKH | Vienna | Austria | 1990– | Ongoing | [29] | |
Eskalera Karakola | Madrid | Spain | 1996– | Ongoing | [30] | |
Extrapool | Nijmegen | Netherlands | 1991– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
Firestorm Books & Coffee | Asheville | United States | 2008– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
Forest Café | Edinburgh | Scotland | 2000–2022 | Former | [ citation needed] | |
Fort Thunder | Providence | United States | 1995–2001 | Former | [31] | |
Freedom Press | London | England | 1886– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
Freedom Shop | Wellington | New Zealand | 1995– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
Grote Broek | Nijmegen | Netherlands | 1984– | Ongoing | [32] | |
Hausmania | Oslo | Norway | 2000– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
Hirvitalo | Tampere | Finland | 2006– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
Ingobernable | Madrid | Spain | 2017–2019, 2020–2020 | Former | [33] | |
Internationalist Books | Carrboro | United States | 1981–2016 | Former | [ citation needed] | |
Iron Rail Book Collective | New Orleans | United States | 2003–2012 | Former | [ citation needed] | |
Jura Books | Sydney | Australia | 1977– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
Kafé 44 | Stockholm | Sweden | 1976– | Ongoing | [34] | |
Kasa de la Muntanya | Barcelona | Catalonia | 1989– | Ongoing | [19] | |
Klinika | Prague | Czech Republic | 2014–2019 | Former | [35] | |
Køpi | Berlin | Germany | 1990– | Ongoing | [36] | |
Kulturzentrum Bremgarten | Bremgarten | Switzerland | 1990– | Ongoing | [37] | |
Kulturzentrum Reitschule | Bern | Switzerland | 1980s– | Ongoing | [38] | |
Kukutza | Bilbao | Basque Country | 1996–1996, 1998–1998, 1998–2011 | Former | [39] | |
Ladronka | Prague | Czech Republic | 1993–2000 | Former | [35] | |
Landbouwbelang | Maastricht | Netherlands | 2002– | Ongoing | [40] | |
Leoncavallo | Milan | Italy | 1975– | Ongoing | [41] | |
Lepakko | Helsinki | Finland | 1979-1999 | Evicted | [42] | |
London Action Resource Centre | London | England | 1999- | Ongoing | [43] | |
London Queer Social Centre | London | England | 2012–2014 (four locations) | Evicted | [44] | |
Lucy Parsons Center | Boston | United States | 1992– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
Metelkova | Ljubljana | Slovenia | 1993– | Ongoing | [45] | |
Milada | Prague | Czech Republic | 1997–2009 | Former | [35] | |
Noisebridge | San Francisco | United States | 2007– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
OCCII | Amsterdam | Netherlands | 1984– | Ongoing | [32] | |
Okupa Che | Mexico City | Mexico | 2000– | Ongoing | [22] | |
OT301 | Amsterdam | Netherlands | 1999– | Ongoing | [32] | |
Patio Maravillas | Madrid | Spain | 2007–2010, 2010–2015, 2015–2015 | Former | [46] | |
Poortgebouw | Rotterdam | Netherlands | 1980– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
Qilombo | West Oakland, California | United States | 2011–2019 | Former | [47] | |
rampART | London | England | 2004–2009 | Former | [48] | |
Really Free School | London | England | 2011 | Former | [ citation needed] | |
Red and Black Cafe | Portland | United States | 2000–2015 | Former | [ citation needed] | |
Red Emma's | Baltimore | United States | 2004– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
RHINO | Geneva | Switzerland | 1988–2007 | Former | [49] | |
Rog | Ljubljana | Slovenia | 2006–2021 | Former | [50] | |
Rote Flora | Hamburg | Germany | 1989– | Ongoing | [51] | |
Rozbrat | Poznań | Poland | 1994– | Ongoing | [52] | |
Salon Mazal | Tel Aviv | Israel | 2000s | Former | [53] | |
Seomra Spraoi | Dublin | Ireland | 2004–2015 | Former | [54] | |
Spartacus Books | Vancouver | Canada | 1973– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
Spike Surplus Scheme | London | England | 1999–2009 | Former | [55] | |
St Agnes Place | London | England | 1969–2005 | Former | [ citation needed] | |
Sumac Centre | Nottingham | England | 1984– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
Syndikalistiskt Forum | Gothenburg | Sweden | 1980– | Ongoing | [56] | |
Tabacalera de Lavapiés | Madrid | Spain | 2010– | Ongoing | [57] | |
Trotz Allem | Witten | Germany | 1999–2005, 2006–2006, 2010– | Ongoing | [58] | |
Turun Kirjakahvila | Turku | Finland | 1981– | Ongoing | [ citation needed] | |
Ubica | Utrecht | Netherlands | 1992–2013 | Former | [59] | |
UFFA | Trondheim | Norway | 1981– | Ongoing | [60] | |
Ungdomshuset | Copenhagen | Denmark | 1982–2007, 2008– | Ongoing | [61] | |
Valreep | Amsterdam | Netherlands | 2011–2014 | Former | [62] | |
Villa Amalia | Athens | Greece | 1990–2012 | Former | [63] | |
Vloek | The Hague | Netherlands | 2002–2015 | Former | [64] | |
Vrankrijk | Amsterdam | Netherlands | 1982– | Ongoing | [65] | |
Vrijplaats Koppenhinksteeg | Leiden | Netherlands | 1968–2010 | Former | [66] | |
Wapping Autonomy Centre | London | England | 1981–1982 | Former | [67] | |
Warzone Centre | Belfast | Northern Ireland | 1986–2003, 2011-2018 | Former | [68] |
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: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
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cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
link)
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cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
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: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
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