From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Philosophers born in the 19th century (and others important in the history of philosophy), listed alphabetically:
- Note: This list has a minimal criterion for inclusion and the relevance to philosophy of some individuals on the list is disputed.
A
-
Muhammad Abduh, (1849–1905)
[d]
-
Robert Adamson, (1852–1902)
-
Jamal al-Din al-Afghani, (1839–1897)
[d]
-
Kazimierz Ajdukiewicz, (1890–1963)
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Konstantin Sergeyevich Aksakov, (1817–1860)
-
Samuel Alexander, (1859–1938)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
B. R. Ambedkar, (1891–1956)
-
Henri-Frédéric Amiel, (1821–1881)
-
John Anderson, (1893–1962)
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Roberto Ardigò, (1828–1920)
-
Valentin Ferdinandovich Asmus, (1894–1975)
[d]
-
Sri Aurobindo, (1872–1950)
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Richard Avenarius, (1843–1896)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
B
-
Gaston Bachelard, (1884–1962)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Alfred Baeumler, (1887–1968)
-
Alexander Bain, (1818–1903)
[a]
[b]
[c]
-
Mikhail Bakhtin, (1895–1975)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Mikhail Bakunin, (1814–1876)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
James Mark Baldwin, (1861–1934)
-
Karl Barth, (1886–1968)
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Jules Barthélemy-Saint-Hilaire, (1805–1895)
-
Georges Bataille, (1897–1962)
[a]
[d]
-
Bruno Bauer, (1809–1882)
[b]
[c]
[d]
[e]
-
David Baumgardt, (1890–1963)
[d]
-
Oskar Becker, (1889–1964)
-
Vissarion Belinsky, (1811–1848)
[d]
-
Gustave Belot, (1859–1929)
-
Julien Benda, (1867–1956)
-
Walter Benjamin, (1892–1940)
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Nikolai Berdyaev, (1874–1948)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Henri Bergson, (1859–1941)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
[e]
-
Eduard Bernstein, (1850–1932)
[d]
-
Nathan Birnbaum, (1864–1937)
-
Brand Blanshard, (1892–1987)
[b]
[c]
-
Ernst Bloch, (1885–1977)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Maurice Blondel, (1861–1949)
[a]
-
Benjamin Paul Blood, (1832–1919)
-
Hermann Blumenau, (1819–1899)
-
George Boas, (1891–1980)
-
Alexander Bogdanov, (1873–1928)
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Niels Bohr, (1885–1962)
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Ludwig Boltzmann, (1844–1906)
[a]
[b]
[c]
-
John Elof Boodin, (1869–1950)
-
George Boole, (1815–1864)
[b]
[c]
[d]
[e]*
-
Bernard Bosanquet, (1848–1923)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
[e]
-
Emile Boutroux, (1845–1921)
[d]
-
Oets Kolk Bouwsma, (1898–1978)
[a]
-
Borden Parker Bowne, (1847–1910)
[d]
-
F. H. Bradley, (1846–1924)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
[e]
-
Franz Brentano, (1838–1917)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
[e]
-
Percy Williams Bridgman, (1882–1961)
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Edgar S. Brightman, (1884–1953)
[b]
[c]
-
C. D. Broad, (1887–1971)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Luitzen Egbertus Jan Brouwer, (1881–1966)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[e]
-
Orestes Brownson, (1803–1876)
[b]
[c]
-
Constantin Brunner, (1862–1937)
-
Emil Brunner, (1889–1966)
[d]
-
Leon Brunschvicg, (1869–1944)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
James Bryce, 1st Viscount Bryce, (1838–1922)
[d]
-
Martin Buber, (1878–1965)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
[e]
-
Ludwig Büchner, (1824–1899)
[d]
-
Sergei Nikolaevich Bulgakov, (1871–1944)
[d]
-
Rudolf Bultmann, (1884–1976)
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Jacob Burckhardt, (1818–1897)
[b]
[c]
-
Samuel Butler, (1835–1902)
[b]
[c]
C
-
Cai Yuanpei, (1868–1940)
-
Edward Caird, (1835–1908)
[a]
-
Mary Whiton Calkins, (1863–1930)
-
Norman Robert Campbell, (1880–1949)
[a]
[d]
-
Georg Cantor, (1845–1918)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Pantaleo Carabellese, (1877–1948)
[a]
-
Rudolf Carnap, (1891–1970)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
[e]*
-
Lewis Carroll, (1832–1898)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Paul Carus, (1852–1919)
-
Ernst Cassirer, (1874–1945)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
[e]
-
Carlo Cattaneo, (1801–1869)
[d]
-
Emile Auguste Chartier, (1868–1951)
-
Nikolai Chernyshevsky, (1828–1889)
[d]
-
Ch'ien Mu, (1895–1990)
[a]
-
Leon Chwistek, (1884–1944)
-
August Cieszkowski, (1814–1894)
[d]
-
William Kingdon Clifford, (1845–1879)
[a]
[b]
[c]
-
Chapman Cohen, (1868–1954)
-
Hermann Cohen, (1842–1918)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
[e]*
-
R. G. Collingwood, (1889–1943)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
[e]
-
Josephus Flavius Cook, (1838–1901)
-
John Cook Wilson, (1849–1915)
[a]
[c]
-
Ananda Kentish Coomaraswamy, (1877–1947)
-
Hans Cornelius, (1863–1947)
-
Antoine Augustin Cournot, (1801–1877)
[a]
[d]
-
Louis Couturat, (1868–1914)
[a]
[b]
[c]
-
James Edwin Creighton, (1861–1924)
-
Benedetto Croce, (1866–1952)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Tadeusz Czezowski, (1889–1981)
-
Heinrich Czolbe, (1819–1873)
[a]
D
-
Nikolay Danilevsky (1822–1885)
-
Charles Darwin, (1809–1882)
[d]
-
Augustus De Morgan, (1806–1871)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Francesco de Sanctis, (1817–1883)
-
Richard Dedekind, (1831–1916)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Galvano Della Volpe, (1895–1968)
-
Paul Deussen, (1845–1919)
-
John Dewey, (1859–1952)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Albert Venn Dicey, (1835–1922)
[d]
-
Wilhelm Dilthey, (1833–1911)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Hugo Dingler, (1881–1954)
-
Juan Donoso Cortés (1809–1853)
-
Herman Dooyeweerd, (1894–1977)
[d]
-
Fyodor Dostoevsky, (1821–1881)
[d]
-
Hans Adolf Eduard Driesch, (1867–1941)
-
Emil du Bois-Reymond, (1818–1896)
[d]
-
Curt Ducasse, (1881–1969)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Pierre Duhem, (1861–1916)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Eugen Dühring, (1833–1921)
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Émile Durkheim, (1858–1917)
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Manilal Dwivedi, (1858–1898)
E
F
-
Thome H. Fang, (1899–1976)
[a]
-
Gustav Fechner, (1801–1887)
[a]
[d]
-
Feng Youlan, (1895–1990)
[a]
-
Ernest Fenollosa, (1853–1908)
-
Giuseppe Ferrari, (1812–1876)
-
James Frederick Ferrier, (1808–1864)
[d]
-
Ludwig Feuerbach, (1804–1872)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
[e]
-
Kuno Fischer, (1824–1907)
-
John Fiske, (1842–1901)
-
Franciszek Fiszer, (1860–1937)
-
Robert Flint, (1838–1910)
-
Pavel Aleksandrovich Florenskii, (1882–1937)
[d]
-
Georges Florovsky, (1893–1979)
-
Jerome Frank, (1889–1957)
[d]
-
Philipp Frank, (1884–1966)
-
Semën Liudvigovich Frank (1877–1950)
[d]
-
Gottlob Frege, (1848–1925)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
[e]
-
Sigmund Freud, (1856–1939)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Hans Freyer, (1887–1969)
-
Nikolai Fyodorovich Fyodorov, (1829–1903)
[d]
G
-
Mahatma Gandhi, (1869–1948)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Réginald Garrigou-Lagrange, (1887–1964)
[d]
-
Nārāyana Guru, (1856–1928)
-
Giovanni Gentile, (1875–1944)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Otto von Gierke, (1841–1921)
-
Charlotte Perkins Gilman, (1860–1935)
-
Étienne Gilson, (1884–1978)
[a]
[b]
[c]
-
Asher Ginsberg (or Ahad Ha'am), (1856–1927)
[d]
-
Vincenzo Gioberti, (1801–1852)
[a]
[d]
-
Arthur de Gobineau, (1816–1882)
-
Henry George, (1839–1897)
-
Antonio Gramsci, (1891–1937)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Thomas Hill Green, (1836–1882)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
[e]
-
Kurt Grelling, (1886–1942)
-
John Grote, (1813–1866)
[d]
-
D. V. Gundappa, (1889–1975)
-
G. I. Gurdjieff, (1872–1949)
-
Edmund Gurney, (1847–1888)
[d]
H
-
Paul Häberlin, (1878–1960)
-
Ernst Haeckel, (1834–1919)
[a]
[d]
-
Axel Hägerström, (1868–1939)
[d]
-
Béla Hamvas, (1897–1968)
-
Eduard Hanslick, (1825–1904)
[d]
-
Friedrich Harms, (1819–1880)
-
William Torrey Harris, (1835–1909)
-
Eduard Von Hartmann, (1842–1906)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Nicolai Hartmann, (1882–1950)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
[e]*
-
Charles Hartshorne, (1897–2000)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[e]
-
Friedrich Hayek, (1899–1992)
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Rudolf Haym, (1821–1901)
-
Martin Heidegger, (1889–1976)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
[e]*
-
Hermann von Helmholtz, (1821–1894)
[a]
[d]
-
Heinrich Rudolf Hertz, (1857–1894)
[d]
-
Alexander Herzen, (1812–1870)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Moses Hess, (1812–1875)
[d]
-
Sergei Hessen, (1887–1950)
[d]
-
David Hilbert, (1862–1943)
[a]
[b]
[c]
-
Dietrich von Hildebrand, (1889–1977)
-
Leonard Trelawny Hobhouse, (1864–1929)
[b]
[c]
-
William Ernest Hocking, (1873–1966)
[b]
[c]
-
Shadworth Hodgson, (1832–1912)
[b]
[c]
-
Eric Hoffer, (1898–1983)
[b]
[c]
-
Harald Høffding, (1843–1931)
[b]
[c]
-
Wesley Newcomb Hohfeld, (1879–1918)
[a]
[d]
-
Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr., (1841–1935)
[d]
-
Max Horkheimer, (1895–1973)
[a]
[d]
-
Hsiung Shih-li, (1885–1968)
[a]
-
Hu Shih, (1891–1962)
[a]
-
Elbert Hubbard, (1856–1915)
-
Edmund Husserl, (1859–1938)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
[e]
-
Thomas Henry Huxley, (1825–1895)
[d]
I
J
-
Henry James Sr., (1811–1882)
-
William James, (1842–1910)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
[e]
-
Alfred Jarry, (1873–1907)
-
Karl Jaspers, (1883–1969)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
[e]*
-
William Stanley Jevons, (1835–1882)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[e]*
-
Rudolf von Jhering, (1818–1892)
[d]
-
Krishnamurti Jiddu, (1895–1986)
-
C.E.M. Joad, (1891–1953)
-
William Ernest Johnson, (1858–1931)
[a]
[b]
[c]
-
Jørgen Jørgensen, (1894–1969)
[b]
[c]
-
Carl Jung, (1875–1961)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Ernst Jünger, (1895–1998)
K
-
Kang Youwei, (1858–1927)
[a]
-
Mordecai Kaplan, (1881–1983)
[d]
-
Michael Ivanovich Karinski (1840–1917)
-
Karl Kautsky, (1854–1938)
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Konstantin Kavelin (1818–1885)
-
Hans Kelsen, (1881–1973)
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Norman Kemp Smith, (1872–1958)
[d]
-
John Maynard Keynes, (1883–1946)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Hermann von Keyserling, (1880–1946)
-
Aleksey Khomyakov (1804–1860)
-
Søren Kierkegaard, (1813–1855)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
[e]
-
Nishida Kitaro (1870–1945)
-
Wolfgang Köhler, (1887–1967)
[a]
-
Feliks Koneczny (1862–1949)
-
Alejandro Korn, (1860–1936)
[b]
[c]
-
Tadeusz Kotarbiński, (1886–1981)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Alexandre Koyre, (1892–1964)
[d]
-
Karl Kraus, (1874–1936)
[b]
[c]
-
Jiddu Krishnamurti, (1895–1986)
-
Leopold Kronecker, (1823–1891)
[d]
-
Richard Kroner, (1884–1974)
-
Peter Kropotkin, (1842–1921)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Kuki Shūzō, (1888–1941)
[d]
L
-
Antonio Labriola, (1843–1904)
[a]
[d]
-
Jules Lachelier, (1832–1918)
[d]
-
Pierre Laffitte, (1823–1903)
[a]
-
Friedrich Albert Lange, (1828–1875)
[a]
[d]
[e]
-
Susanne Langer, (1895–1985)
[b]
[d]
-
Ferdinand Lassalle, (1825–1864)
[d]
-
Peter Lavrovitch Lavrov, (1823–1900)
[d]
-
Moritz Lazarus, (1824–1903)
-
Edouard Louis Emmanuel Julien Le Roy, (1870–1954)
[d]
-
Adrian LeMors, (1893–1956)
-
Vladimir Lenin, (1870–1924)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Konstantin Nikolaevich Leont'ev, (1831–1891)
[d]
-
Jules Lequier, (1814–1862)
[a]
-
Stanisław Leśniewski, (1886–1939)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Lucien Lévy-Bruhl, (1857–1939)
[b]
[c]
-
George Henry Lewes, (1817–1878)
-
Kurt Lewin, (1890–1947)
[a]
-
Clarence Irving Lewis, (1883–1964)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
[e]*
-
C. S. Lewis, (1898–1963)
[a]
[d]
-
John Lewis, (1889–1976)
-
Liang Qichao (or Liang Ch'i-ch'ao), (1873–1929)
[a]
-
Liang Sou-ming, (1893–1988)
[a]
-
Karol Libelt, (1807–1875)
-
Israel Lipkin, (1810–1883)
[e]*
-
Émile Littré, (1801–1881)
-
Liu Shaoqi (orLiu Shao-ch'i), (1898–1969)
[a]
-
Karl Nickerson Llywelyn, (1893–1962)
[d]
-
Alain LeRoy Locke, (1886–1954)
-
Alfred Loisy, (1857–1940)
[d]
-
Jakob Lorber, (1800–1864)
-
Aleksei Fedorovich Losev, (1893–1988)
[d]
-
Nicholas Onufrievich Lossky, (1870–1965)
[d]
-
Hermann Lotze, (1817–1881)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
[e]
-
Arthur O. Lovejoy, (1873–1962)
[b]
[c]
-
Georg Lukács, (1885–1971)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Jan Łukasiewicz, (1878–1956)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Rosa Luxemburg, (1871–1919)
[d]
M
-
Mikhail Bakhtin, (1895–1975)
-
Ernst Mach, (1838–1916)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
[e]
-
John Macmurray, (1891–1976)
[c]
-
Philipp Mainländer, (1841–1876)
-
Ernst Mally, (1879–1944)
[e]
-
Karl Mannheim, (1893–1947)
[a]
[b]
[c]
-
Henry Longueville Mansel, (1820–1871)
[a]
-
Mao Zedong (or Mao Tse-tung), (1893–1976)
[a]
-
Gabriel Marcel, (1887–1973)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
[e]
-
Herbert Marcuse, (1898–1979)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Jacques Maritain, (1882–1973)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
[e]
-
Harriet Martineau, (1802–1876)
[d]
-
James Martineau, (1805–1900)
[a]
[b]
[c]
-
Karl Marx, (1818–1883)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
[e]
-
Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk, (1850–1937)
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Fritz Mauthner, (1849–1923)
[d]
-
James Clerk Maxwell, (1831–1879)
[a]12
[d]
-
James McCosh, (1811–1894)
[a]
-
William McDougall, (1871–1938)
[a]
-
John Ellis McTaggart, (1866–1925)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
George Herbert Mead, (1863–1931)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Georg Mehlis, (born 19th century)
-
Friedrich Meinecke, (1862–1954)
[d]
-
Alexius Meinong, (1853–1920)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
[e]*
-
Gregor Mendel, (1822–1884)
[a]
-
Marcelino Menéndez y Pelayo, (1856–1912)
-
Désiré-Joseph Mercier, (1851–1926)
[a]
-
Franklin Merrell-Wolff, (1887–1985)
-
Emile Meyerson, (1859–1933)
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Carlo Michelstaedter, (1887–1910)
-
Nikolai Konstantinovich Mikhailovskii, (1842–1904)
[d]
-
Miki Kiyoshi, (1897–1945)
[d]
-
John Stuart Mill, (1806–1873)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
[e]
-
Ludwig von Mises, (1881–1973)
-
William Mitchell, (1861–1962)
-
Dimitrije Mitrinovic, (1887–1953)
-
W. H. S. Monck (1839–1915)
-
Maria Montessori (1870–1952)
-
Addison Webster Moore, (1866–1930)
-
G. E. Moore, (1873–1958)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
[e]
-
Gaetano Mosca, (1858–1941)
[a]
-
John Henry Muirhead, (1855–1940)
-
Max Müller, (1823–1900)
N
-
Paul Gerhard Natorp, (1854–1924)
[e]
-
John Neihardt, (1881–1973)
-
Leonard Nelson, (1882–1927)
-
Otto Neurath, (1882–1945)
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
John Henry Newman, (1801–1890)
[a]
[d]
-
H. Richard Niebuhr, (1894–1962)
[d]
-
Reinhold Niebuhr, (1892–1971)
[d]
-
Friedrich Nietzsche, (1844–1900)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
[e]
-
Nishi Amane, (1829–1897)
[d]
-
Nishida Kitaro, (1870–1945)
[b]
[c]
[d]
[e]
-
Shalva Nutsubidze, (1888–1969)
-
Anders Nygren, (1890–1978)
[d]
O
P
-
Vilfredo Pareto, (1848–1923)
-
Giuseppe Peano, (1858–1932)
[b]
[c]
-
Benjamin Peirce, (1809–1880)
[e]
-
Charles Sanders Peirce, (1839–1914)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
[e]
-
Ralph Barton Perry, (1876–1957)
[a]
[b]
[c]
-
Leon Petrazycki, (1867–1931)
[d]
-
Branislav Petronijević, (1875–1954)
-
Jean Piaget, (1896–1980)
[a]
[d]
-
Max Planck, (1858–1947)
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Georgi Plekhanov, (1856–1918)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Konstantin Pobedonostsev, (1827–1907)
-
Henri Poincaré, (1854–1912)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Michael Polanyi, (1891–1976)
[d]
-
Emil Leon Post, (1897–1954)
[d]
-
Roscoe Pound, (1870–1964)
[d]
-
Karl von Prantl, (1820–1888)
-
Henry Habberley Price, (1899–1984)
[b]
[c]
-
Harold Arthur Prichard, (1871–1947)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, (1809–1865)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
Q
![[icon]](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png) | This section is empty. You can help by
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R
-
Gustav Radbruch, (1878–1949)
[d]
-
Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, (1888–1975)
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Hastings Rashdall, (1858–1924)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Felix Ravaisson-Mollien, (1813–1900)
[d]
-
Paul Rée, (1849–1901)
[b]
[c]
-
Wilhelm Reich, (1897–1957)
[b]
[c]
-
Hans Reichenbach, (1891–1953)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Adolf Reinach, (1883–1917)
[d]
-
Karl Renner, (1870–1950)
[d]
-
Charles Bernard Renouvier, (1815–1903)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
I. A. Richards, (1893–1979)
-
Heinrich Rickert, (1863–1936)
[e]*
-
Bernhard Riemann, (1826–1866)
-
George Croom Robertson, (1842–1892)
-
Erwin Rohde, (1845–1898)
-
Francisco Romero (1891–1962)
[b]
[c]
-
Johann Karl Friedrich Rosenkranz, (1805–1879)
-
Franz Rosenzweig, (1886–1929)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Alf Niels Christian Ross, (1899–1979)
[d]
-
William David Ross, (1877–1971)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Josiah Royce, (1855–1916)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
[e]
-
Vasily Rozanov, (1856–1919)
[d]
-
Arnold Ruge, (1802–1880)
[d]
-
Bertrand Russell, (1872–1970)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
[e]
S
-
Émile Saisset, (1814–1863)
-
George Santayana, (1863–1952)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
[e]
-
Ferdinand de Saussure, (1857–1913)
[a]
[d]
-
Max Scheler, (1874–1928)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
F. C. S. Schiller, (1864–1937)
[d]
-
Moritz Schlick, (1882–1936)
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Carl Schmitt, (1888–1985)
[d]
-
Erwin Schrödinger, (1887–1961)
[a]
-
Joseph Schumpeter, (1883–1950)
[d]
-
Alfred Schütz, (1899–1959)
[b]
[c]
[d]
[e]
-
Albert Schweizer, (1875–1965)
-
Charles Secrétan, (1815–1895)
-
Roy Wood Sellars, (1880–1973)
[b]
[c]
-
Lev Shestov, (1866–1938)
[d]
-
Gustav Gustavovich Shpet, (1879–1937)
[a]
[d]
-
Henry Sidgwick, (1838–1900)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
[e]
-
Georg Simmel, (1858–1918)
[a]
[d]
-
Thoralf Skolem, (1887–1963)
[a]
-
Vladimir Solovyov, (1853–1900)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Georges Sorel, (1847–1922)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
William Ritchie Sorley, (1855–1935)
-
Othmar Spann, (1878–1950)
-
Herbert Spencer, (1820–1903)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
[e]
-
Thomas Spencer Baynes, (1823–1887)
-
Oswald Spengler, (1880–1936)
-
Afrikan Spir, (1837–1890)
[a]
-
Lysander Spooner, (1808–1887)
-
Walter Terence Stace, (1886–1967)
-
Henry Stanton, (1805–1887)
-
Olaf Stapledon, (1886–1950)
-
L. Susan Stebbing, (1885–1943)
-
Edith Stein, (1891–1942)
-
Rudolf Steiner, (1861–1925)
[a]
[d]
-
Leslie Stephen, (1832–1904)
[a]
-
James Hutchison Stirling, (1820–1909)
-
Max Stirner, (1806–1856)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
[e]
-
George Frederick Stout, (1860–1944)
[a]
[b]
[c]
-
David Friedrich Strauss, (1808–1874)
[d]
-
Leo Strauss, (1899–1973)
[d]
-
Carl Stumpf, (1848–1936)
-
James Sully, (1842–1923)
-
Sun Yat-sen, (1866–1925)
[a]
T
-
Debendranath Tagore, (1817–1905)
-
Rabindranath Tagore, (1861–1941)
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Hippolyte Taine, (1828–1893)
[d]
-
T'an Ssu-t'ung, (1864–1898)
[a]
-
Tanabe Hajime, (1885–1962)
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Władysław Tatarkiewicz, (1886–1980)
-
Harriet Taylor Mill, (1807–1858)
[a]
[d]
[e]
-
Gustav Teichmuller (1837–1888)
[a]
-
Pierre Teilhard de Chardin, (1881–1955)
[a]
[d]
-
William Temple, (1881–1944)
[d]
-
Frederick Robert Tennant, (1866–1957)
[d]
-
Henry David Thoreau, (1817–1862)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
[e]
-
Paul Tillich, (1886–1965)
[a]
[d]
-
Alexis de Tocqueville, (1805–1859)
[d]
-
Leo Tolstoy, (1828–1910)
[d]
-
Friedrich Adolf Trendelenburg, (1802–1872)
-
Ernst Troeltsch, (1865–1923)
[a]
[d]
-
Leon Trotsky, (1879–1940)
[b]
[c]
[d]
-
Benjamin Tucker, (1854–1939)
-
Kazimierz Twardowski, (1866–1938)
[b]
[c]
[d]
U
V
W
-
Jean Wahl, (1888–1974)
-
Friedrich Waismann, (1896–1959)
-
Alfred Russel Wallace, (1823–1913)
[d]
-
James Ward, (1843–1925)
[a]
-
John B. Watson, (1878–1958)
[b]
[c]
-
Watsuji Tetsuro, (1889–1960)
[b]
[c]
[d]
[e]
-
Max Weber, (1864–1920)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
[e]*
-
Otto Weininger, (1880–1903)
-
Christian Hermann Weisse, (1801–1866)
-
Victoria, Lady Welby, (1837–1912)
-
Felix Weltsch, (1884–1964)
-
Edvard Westermarck, (1862–1939)
[a]
-
Hermann Weyl, (1885–1955)
[d]
-
Frantisek Weyr (or Franz Weyr), (1879–1951)
[d]
-
Alfred North Whitehead, (1861–1947)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
[e]
-
Wilhelm Windelband, (1848–1915)
[a]
[e]*
-
Stanislaw Ignacy Witkiewicz, (1885–1939)
-
Ludwig Wittgenstein, (1889–1951)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[d]
[e]
-
Woo Tsin-hang (or Chih-hui), (1865–1953)
-
Chauncey Wright, (1830–1875)
[a]
[b]
[c]
[e]
-
Dorothy Maud Wrinch, (1894–1976)
-
Wilhelm Wundt, (1832–1920)
[a]
[d]
[e]*
X
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Y
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Z
See also
Notes