The following list includes famous people of various nationalities who were born in or resided for a significant period in Galicia (Eastern Europe), part of Ukraine. (18th–20th centuries).

• Roman Abraham, general of the Polish Army, born in Lviv
• Eliezer Adler, founder of the Jewish Community in Gateshead, England, born in Stanislau
• Shmuel Agnon, Jewish writer, founder of modern Israeli Hebrew literature, born in Buchach
• Kazimierz Ajdukiewicz, philosopher and logician, born in Ternopil
• Izak Aloni (born Izak Schächter), Polish-Israeli chess master, born in Lviv
• Antin Angelovych, first Greek Catholic metropolitan of Lviv (1808–14), born in Hryniv, near Bibrka
• Andrzej Alojzy Ankwicz, Count, Roman Catholic Archbishop of Lvov (1815–33), and Archbishop of Prague (1833–38), born in Kraków
• Alicia Appleman-Jurman, Jewish American writer, raised from the age of five in Buchach
• Muhammad Asad (born Leopold Weiss), Pakistan's ambassador to UN, born in Lviv
• Daniel Auster, first Hebrew mayor of Jerusalem, born in Stanislau
• Nahman Avigad, Israeli archaeologist, born in Zavalov, near Pidhaytsi
• Jacob Avigdor, last Chief Rabbi of Drohobych, born in Tyrawa Wołoska, near Sanok
• Emanuel Ax, Jewish American pianist, born in Lviv
• Baal Shem Tov (Yisroel ben Eliezer), founder of Hasidism
• Yosef Babad, rabbi and posek, born in Przeworsk
• Kazimierz Feliks Badeni, Count, Minister-President of Austria (1895–97)
• Meir Balaban, historian, born in Lviv
• Adolph Baller, Austrian-American pianist, born in Brody
• Oswald Balzer, historian, born in Khodoriv, near Zidichov
• Stefan Banach, eminent mathematician, born in Kraków
• Stepan Bandera, leader of the Ukrainian nationalist movement, born in Uhryniv Staryi, near Kalush
• Iuliu Barasch, physician and writer, born in Brody
• Kazimierz Bartel, Prime Minister of Poland, born in Lviv
• Oleksander Barvinsky, Ukrainian politician, born in Shliakhnyntsi, near Ternopil
• Eugeniusz Baziak, Archbishop of Lvov and Apostolic Administrator of Kraków, born in Ternopil
• Józef Bem, Polish general, national hero of Poland and Hungary, born in Tarnów
• Alexander Beliavsky, Ukrainian-Slovenian chess master, born in Lviv
• Elisabeth Bergner, Austrian-British actress, born in Drohobych
• St. Józef Bilczewski, Roman Catholic Archbishop of Lviv, born in Wilamowice near Kęty
• Josef Samuel Bloch, Austrian rabbi and deputy, born in Dukla
• Michał Bobrzyński, Governor of Galicia (1908–13), born in Kraków
• Naftali Botwin, revolutionary terrorist, born in Kamianka-Buzka
• Mieczysław Boruta-Spiechowicz, Polish general, born in Rzeszów
• Naftule Brandwein, klezmer clarinetist, born in Przemyslany
• Berl Broder (born Berl Margulis), Jewish singer, born in Brody
• Aleksander Brückner, distinguished Polish slavist and historian of literature, born in Berezhany
• Martin Buber, Jewish philosopher, lived in Lviv
• Solomon Buber, Jewish scholar, born in Lviv
• Nykyta Budka, the first Ukrainian Canadian Greek Catholic bishop, born in Dobromirka
• Arthur Frank Burns, American economist, born in Stanislau
• Zvi Hirsch Chajes, Talmudic scholar, born in Brody
• Oscar Chajes, Austrian-American chess master, born in Brody
• Georges Charpak, French physicist (Nobel Prize in 1992), born in Dubrovytsia
• Leon Chwistek, painter, logician, philosopher, born in Kraków
• Zbigniew Cybulski, Polish actor, born in Kniaże, near Stanislau
• Ignacy Daszyński, Polish politician, born in Zbarazh
• Isaac Deutscher, Polish-British political activist and historian, born in Chrzanów
• Józef Dominik, Polish chess master, born in Dobczyce
• Michael Dorfman, Yiddish and Hebrew writer, born in Lviv
• Albin Dunajewski, Roman Catholic Bishop of Kraków and Cardinal, born in Stanislau
• Arthur Dunkelblum, Belgian chess master, born in Kraków
• Karol Durski-Trzaska, general, born in Spas, near Staryi Sambir
• Elimelech of Lizhensk, great Hasidic rebbe and tzadik
• Isaac Erter, Hebrew language writer, born in Janischok
• Józef Feldman, historian, born in Przemyśl
• Ida Fink, Israeli writer, born in Zbarazh
• Salo Flohr, Czech-Ukrainian chess master, born in Horodenka
• Jacob Frank, Jewish messianic claimant who combined Judaism and Christianity
• Ivan Franko, Ukrainian writer, born in Nahuevychi near Drohobych
• Petro Franko, Ukrainian educator, born in Nahuevychi near Drohobych
• Karl Emil Franzos, Austrian writer, born in Chortkiv
• Aleksander Fredro, Polish writer, born in Surochów, near Jaroslav
• Amalia Freud (born Amalia Nathansohn), mother of Sigmund Freud, born in Brody
• Mikhail Fridman, Russian banker of Jewish descent from Lviv
• Filip Friedman, historian, born in Lviv
• Henryk Friedman, chess master from Lviv
• Yisroel Friedman, Hasidic Rebbe of Ruzhin

• Mordechai Gebirtig, Yiddish poet and songwriter, born in Kraków
• Abraham Gershon of Kitov, Hasidic rabbi of Kitov and Brody, born in Kuty
• Agenor Goluchowski, Count, interior minister of Austria (1859–60)
• Agenor Maria Gołuchowski, Count, foreign affairs minister of Austria-Hungary (1895–1906)
• Maurycy Gottlieb, Jewish painter from Drohobych
• Leopold Gottlieb, painter from Drohobych
• Chaim Gross, Austrian-American sculptor, born in Kolomyia
• Feliks Gross, Polish-American sociologist, born in Kraków
• Henryk Grossman, Polish-German economist of Jewish descent, born in Kraków
• Artur Grottger, painter, born in Ottyniowice, near Zhydachiv
• Kazimierz Górski, coach of Polish national football (soccer) team, born in Lviv
• Andrzej Kusionowicz Grodyński, Appeal Court Judge born in Gdów
• Ludwig Gumplowicz, sociologist and lawyer, born in Kraków
• Wilhelm Habsburg, Austrian archduke, colonel of the Ukrainian Sich Riflemen
• Yaroslav Halan, Ukrainian playwright and publicist from, born in Dynów.
• Ben Zion Halberstam, second Bobover Rebbe
• Chaim Halberstam of Sanz, Hasidic rabbi
• Naftali Halberstam, fourth Bobover Rebbe
• Shlomo Halberstam, first Bobover Rebbe
• Marian Hemar, poet, born in Lviv
• Zbigniew Herbert, poet, born in Lviv
• Maxim Hermaniuk, the Ukrainian Catholic Archbishop of Winnipeg, born in Nove Selo, near Horodok
• Arthur Hertzberg, Conservative rabbi and prominent Jewish-American scholar and activist, born in Lubaczów
• Tzvi Hirsh of Zidichov, the founder of Zidichov (Hasidic dynasty)
• Jerzy Hoffman, film director, born in Kraków
• Roald Hoffmann, American chemist (Nobel Prize in 1981), born in Zolochiv
• Yakiv Holovatsky, Ukrainian poet and ethnographer, born in Chepeli
• Sydir Holubovych, Ukrainian politician, born in Towsteńskie near Husiatyn
• Krystyna Holuj-Radzikowska, chess woman grandmaster, born in Lviv
• Shimshon Holzman, Israeli painter, born in Sambir
• Bl. Josaphata Hordashevska, Ukrainian nun, beatified by John Paul II in 2001, born in Lviv
• Moses Horowitz, playwright and actor of Yiddish theatre, born in Stanislau
• Schmelke Horowitz, rabbi of Nikolsburg in Moravia, born in Chortkiv
• Mieczysław Horszowski, pianist, born in Lviv
• Dmytro Hrytsai, Ukrainian politician and general of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army, born in Dorozhin, near Sambir
• Lubomyr Husar, head of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church and Cardinal, born in Lviv
• Abba Hushi, Israeli politician, born in Turka
• Naftali Herz Imber, Jewish poet who wrote the lyrics of Hatikvah, the national anthem of Israel, born in Zolochiv
• Leopold Infeld, physicist, born in Kraków
• Karol Irzykowski, writer, literary critic, theorist of film and chess player, born in Błaszkowa near Pilzno
• Vasyl Ivanchuk Ukrainian world class chess player, born in Berezhany
• Alfred Jansa, Austrian Major-General, born in Stanislau
• Marian Jaworski, Roman Catholic Archbishop of Lviv and Cardinal, born in Lviv
• Max Judd, American chess master, born in Kraków
• Stepan Kachala, politician and writer, born near Berezhany
• Jaroslav Kacmarcyk, a head of the Lemko-Rusyn Republic (1918–20), born in Binczarowa
• Stefan Kaczmarz, mathematician, born in Lviv
• Tadeusz Kantor, painter, theatre director, born in Wielopole
• Michał Karaszewicz-Tokarzewski, general of the Polish Army, born in Lviv
• Wojciech Kilar, classical and film music composer, born in Lviv
• Moise Kisling, painter, born in Kraków
• Julian Klaczko, Polish-Austrian diplomat
• Franciszek Kleeberg, general of the Polish Army, born in Ternopil
• Józef Klotz, Polish footballer, born in Kraków
• Dmytro Klyachkivsky, commander of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army, born in Zbarazh
• Tadeusz Bór-Komorowski, general, commander-in-chief of the Home Army, born in Lviv
• Yevhen Konovalets, Ukrainian politician and military leader, born in Zashkiv, near Lviv
• Zenon Kossak, Ukrainian politician and military leader, born in Drohobych
• Bl. Omelyan Kovch, Ukrainian Greek Catholic priest, born in Tlumach, near Kosiv
• Ignacy Krasicki, Prince-Bishop of Ermland and Archbishop of Gniezno, born in Dubiecko, near Przemyśl
• František Kriegel, Czechoslovak politician, born in Stanislau
• Walter Krivitsky, Soviet spy, born in Pidvolochysk, near Ternopil
• Nachman Krochmal, Jewish philosopher, born in Brody
• Solomiya Krushelnytska, Ukrainian opera singer
• Ivan Krypiakevych, Ukrainian historian, born in Lviv
• Volodymyr Kubiyovych, geographer, encyclopedist, politician (Ukrainian Central Committee), born in Neu Sandez
• Vasyl Kuk, commander of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army, born in Krasne near Zolochiv
• Viktor Kurmanovych, general, Chief of Staff of the Ukrainian Galician Army, born in Vilshanitsa near Zolochiv
• Jacek Kuroń, leader of the Solidarity movement, born in Lviv

• Manfred Lachs, Polish diplomat and jurist, born in Stanislau
• Salo Landau, Dutch chess master, born in Bochnia
• Hersch Lauterpacht, British judge, born in Zhovkva
• Pinhas Lavon, Israeli politician, born in Kopychyntsi
• Stanisław Jerzy Lec (de Tusch-Letz), writer, born in Lviv
• Stanisław Lem, writer, born in Lviv
• Juliusz Leo, politician and academic, Mayor of Kraków (1904–1918), born in Stebnik
• Bohdan Lepky, Ukrainian poet and writer, born in Krehulets, Husiatyn district
• Hirschel Levin, Chief Rabbi at London and Berlin, born in Rzeszów
• Kost Levitsky, Ukrainian politician, born in Tysmenytsya
• Herman Lieberman, politician, born in Drohobych
• Ephraim Moses Lilien, Jewish photographer, born in Drohobych
• Marta Litinskaya-Shul, chess woman grandmaster, born in Lviv
• Roman Longchamps de Bérier, lawyer, the last rector of the Jan Kazimierz University, born in Lviv
• George Stephen Nestor Luckyj, scholar of Ukrainian literature, born in Yanchyn near Lviv
• Ignacy Łukasiewicz, inventor (petroleum industry)
• Jan Łukasiewicz, logician, born in Lviv
• Oleh Luzhnyi, football (soccer) player and coach, born in Lviv
• Vyacheslav Lypynsky, politician and historian, born in Volodymyr-Volynskyi
• Bl. Roman Lysko, Ukrainian Greek Catholic priest, born in Horodok, near Lviv
• Stanisław Maczek, general of the Polish Army, born in Szczerzec, near Lviv
• Ephraim Zalman Margolis, Talmudic scholar, born in Brody
• Max Margules, meteorologist, born in Brody
• Samuel Hirsch Margulies, Chief Rabbi of Florence, born in Berezhany
• Jan Matejko, painter, born in Kraków
• Stanislaw Mazur, mathematician, born in Lviv
• Józef Mehoffer, painter, born in Ropczyce
• Andriy Melnyk, leader of the Ukrainian nationalist movement, born near Drohobych
• Carl Menger, founder of the Austrian School of Economics, born in Neu Sandez
• Adrian Mikhalchishin, Ukrainian-Slovenian chess master, born in Lviv
• Ludwig von Mises, foremost representative of the Austrian School of Economics, born in Lviv
• Richard von Mises, mathematical physicist and statistician, born in Lviv
• Helena Modjeska, actress, born in Kraków
• Ralph Modjeski, engineer, born in Bochnia
• Kalikst Morawski, chess master, born in Boryszkowce, near Borshchiv
• Janusz Morgenstern, film director and producer, born in Mikulińce, near Ternopil
• Soma Morgenstern, writer and journalist, born in Budaniv
• Franz Xaver Wolfgang Mozart, youngest son of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, lived and worked in Lviv
• Andrzej Munk, film director, born in Kraków
• Lewis Bernstein Namier, British politician and historian, born in Wola Okrzejska
• Joseph Saul Nathanson, rabbi and posek, born in Berezhany
• Hryhoriy Nestor, shepherd, born in Carpathian Mountains
• Nikifor (Epifaniusz Drowniak), Ruthenian (Lemko) painter, born in Krynica
• Leopold Okulicki, general, last commander-in-chief of the Home Army, born in Bratucice, near Bochnia
• Joseph Oleskiw, Ukrainian writer, born in Skvariava Nova, near Zhovkva
• Menachem Oren (Mieczysław Chwojnik), Polish-Israeli chess master and mathematician
• Władysław Orlicz, mathematician from Okocim
• Ostap Ortwin, literary critic, born in Tłumacz, near Stanislau]
• Bohdan Osadchuk, historian and journalist, born in Kolomyia
• Stanisław Ostrowski, third President of Poland in exile (1972–79), born in Lviv
• Józef Maksymilian Ossoliński, Count, founder of the Ossolineum, born in Wola Mielecka, near Mielec

• Jan Parandowski, writer, essayist, and translator, born in Lviv
• Jakub Karol Parnas, biochemist, born in Mokriany, near Drohobych
• Yevhen Petrushevych, President of Western Ukrainian People's Republic, born in Busk
• Volodymyr Petryshyn, mathematician, born in Liashky Murovani, Lviv
• Simhah Pinsker, archeologist, born in Ternopil
• Oskar Piotrowski, chess master, lived in Lviv
• Mykola Plaviuk, President of Ukrainian People's Republic in exile (1989–92), born in Russiv, near Stanislav
• Rudolf Pöch, Austrian anthropologist and ethnologist, born in Ternopil
• Stepan Popel, chess master, born in Komarniki, near Turka
• Ignatz von Popiel, chess master, born in Drohobych
• Alfred Józef Potocki, Count, Minister-President of Austria (1870–71), born in Łańcut
• Omeljan Pritsak, Ukrainian historian and orientalist, born in Luka near Sambir
• Włodzimierz Puchalski, photographer and film director, born in Mostki Wielkie, near Lviv
• Ivan Pulyui, Ukrainian physicist and inventor, born in Hrymailiv
• Jan Puzyna de Kosielsko, Prince, Roman Catholic auxiliary bishop of Lvov and Bishop of Kraków, Cardinal, born in Gwoździec
• Joseph Ludwig Raabe, Swiss mathematician, born in Brody
• Isidor Isaac Rabi, Austrian-American physicist (Nobel Prize in 1944), born in Rymanów
• Karl Radek, Bolshevik politician, born in Lviv
• Samuel Judah Löb Rapoport (Shir), born in Lviv
• Alfred Redl, Austrian counter-intelligence officer, born in Lviv
• Wilhelm Reich, Austrian psychoanalyst, born in Dobrzanica, a village near Peremyshliany
• Józef Retinger, Polish-Austrian-Mexican-British political adviser, born in Kraków
• Emanuel Ringelblum, Polish Jewish historian, born in Buchach
• Shalom Rokeach, first Rebbe of Belz
• Yehoshua Rokeach, second Rebbe of Belz
• Yissachar Dov Rokeach, third Rebbe of Belz
• Aharon Rokeach, fourth Rebbe of Belz
• Mordechai Rokeach, Rav of the town of Bilgoray, born in Belz
• Oleg Romanishin, chess master, born in Lviv
• Jakob Rosanes, German mathematician, born in Brody
• Jakob Rosenfeld, Chinese general, born in Lviv
• Erna Rosenstein, painter and poet, born in Lviv
• Paul Rosenstein-Rodan, economist, born in Kraków
• Henry Roth, American writer, born in Tysmenitz near Stanislau
• Joseph Roth, Austrian writer of Jewish descent, born in Brody
• Adam Daniel Rotfeld, Polish minister of foreign affairs, born in Peremyshliany
• Tadeusz Rozwadowski, Chief of the General Staff of the Polish Army, born in Babin, near Kalush
• Helena Rubinstein, cosmetics industrialist, born in Kraków
• Jaroslav Rudnyckyj, Ukrainian Canadian linguist, born in Przemyśl
• Edward Rydz-Śmigły, Polish marshal and commander-in-chief, born in Berezhany

• Leopold von Sacher-Masoch, Austrian writer, born in Lviv
• Dov Sadan, scholar of Yiddish and Hebrew literature, born in Brody
• Manfred Sakel, neurophysiologist and psychiatrist, born in Nadvorna
• Adam Stefan Sapieha, Prince, Archbishop of Kraków and Cardinal, born in Krasiczyn
• Juliusz Schauder, mathematician, born in Lviv
• Heinrich Schenker, music theorist, born in Vyshnivchyk
• Moses Schorr, rabbi, assyriologist and politician, born in Przemyśl
• Bruno Schulz, poet, novelist and painter, born in Drohobych
• Sholom Mordechai Schwadron, Jewish gaon of Berezhany, born in Zolochiv
• Marcella Sembrich, born in 1858 in Wisniewczyk, in Austrian Galicia, now part of Ukraine. A consummate musician, she was a major figure in the operatic world.
• Meir Shapiro, Hasidic rabbi and rosh yeshiva
• Markiyan Shashkevych, poet and interpreter, born in Pidlissia near Zolochiv
• Andrey Sheptytsky, Count, Metropolitan Archbishop of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church, born in Prylbychi, near Lviv
• Clement Sheptytsky, Count, Archimandrite of the Studite monks, born in Prylbychi, near Lviv
• Stanisław Sheptytsky, Count, general of the Polish Army, born in Prylbychi, near Lviv
• Roman Shukhevych, the supreme commander of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army, born in Krakovets, near Yavoriv
• Władysław Sikorski, general, Prime Minister of Poland and commander-in-chief of the Polish Armed Forces (1939–43), born in Tuszów Narodowy
• Stanisław Skrowaczewski, conductor, born in Lviv
• Josyf Slipyj, head of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church, born in of Zazdrist, near Terebovlia
• Wacław Sobieski, historian, born in Lviv
• Stanisław Sosabowski, general, commander of the Polish 1st Independent Parachute Brigade, born in Stanislau
• Jerzy Sosnowski, major, Polish spy in Germany (1926–34) as Georg von Sosnowski, Ritter von Nalecz, born in Lviv
• Manès Sperber, novelist and psychologist, born in Zabolotiv
• Nissan Spivak, Jewish cantor and composer from Belz
• Hnat Stefaniv, Ukrainian colonel, born in Toporivtsi, near Horodenka
• Vasyl Stefanyk, writer, born in Rusiv, near Kuty
• Hugo Steinhaus, mathematician, born in Jasło
• Yaroslav Stetsko, leader of the Ukrainian nationalist movement, born in Ternopil
• Slava Stetsko, leader of the Ukrainian nationalist movement, born in Romanivka, near Terebovlia
• Lee Strasberg, Jewish American director, actor and producer, born in Budaniv
• Julian Stryjkowski, writer, born in Stryj
• Kyryl Studynsky, head of the People's Assembly of Western Ukraine (1939), born in Kamienka near Ternopil
• Franciszek Sulik, chess master, born in Lviv
• Karol Szajnocha, historian, born in Komarno
• Jan Szczepanik, inventor, born in Rudniki, near Mostyska
• Jan Szembek, Count, deputy secretary in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, born in Poręba
• Józef Szujski, historian and politician, born in Tarnów
• Stanisław Tarnowski, historian and politician, born in Dzików
• Józef Teodorowicz, Archbishop of Lviv (Armenian rite)
• Oscar Tenner, chess master, born in Lviv
• Leopold Trepper, Soviet spy, born in Nowy Targ
• Metodyj Trochanovskij, Lemko activist, born in Binczarowa
• Naftali Herz Tur-Sinai, Hebrew scholar, born in Lviv
• Adam Ulam, historian, born in Lviv
• Stanisław Ulam, mathematician, co-inventor of the H-bomb, born in Lviv
• Leopold Unger, journalist, born in Lviv
• Ivan Vahylevych, Ukrainian poet and ethnographer, born in Yasen near Stanislav
• Anatole Vakhnianyn, Ukrainian politician and composer, born near Przemyśl
• Bl. Vasyl Velychkovsky, Ukrainian Greek Catholic bishop (body found incorrupt), born in Stanislau
• Mykhailo Verbytsky, composer of the present National Anthem of Ukraine, born in Jawornik Ruski, near Bircza
• Dmytro Vitovsky, Ukrainian politician and military leader, born in Medukha
• Stepan Vytvytskyi, President of Ukrainian People's Republic in exile (1954–65), born near Stanislav
• Alexander Wagner, chess theoretician, lived in Stanislau
• Dov Berish Weidenfeld, Chief Rabbi of Tchebin ( Trzebinia)
• Rudolf Weigl, biologist, lived in Lviv
• Friedrich Weinreb, Jewish philosopher, born in Lviv
• Shevah Weiss, Israeli politician, born in Boryslav
• Kazimierz Wierzyński, Polish poet, born in Drohobych
• Simon Wiesenthal, hunter of Nazis, born in Buchach
• Billy Wilder, Austrian-American film director, born in Suchá Beskidzka
• Karol Wojtyła, John Paul II, Archbishop of Kraków, and Pope (1978–2005), born in Wadowice
• Zev Wolf of Zbaraz, Rabbi of Zbarazh
• Stanisław Wyspiański, poet and painter, born in Kraków
• Volodymyr Yaniv, professor of the Ukrainian Catholic University in Rome, born in Lviv
• Daniel Yanofsky, Canadian chess master, born in Brody
• Richard Yary, Ukrainian politician, born in Rzeszów
• Grigory Yavlinsky Russian politician, born in Lviv
• Kordian Józef Zamorski, general, born near Gorlice
• Gabriela Zapolska, novelist and actress, born in Pidhaytsi
• Velvel Zbarjer, singer, born in Zbarazh
• Casimir Zeglen, inventor, born near Ternopil
• Michael Zohary, botanist, born in Bibrka near Lviv
• Israel Zolli, Chief Rabbi of Rome who converted to Roman Catholicism, born in Brody