An open file format is a
file format for storing
digital data, defined by a published
specification usually maintained by a
standards organization, and which can be used and implemented by anyone. For example, an open format can be implemented by both
proprietary and
free and
open source software, using the typical
software licenses used by each. In contrast to open formats,
closed formats are considered trade secrets. Open formats are also called free file formats if they are not encumbered by any copyrights, patents, trademarks or other restrictions (for example, if they are in the
public domain) so that anyone may use them at no monetary cost for any desired purpose.[1]
Open formats (in alphabetical order) include:
Multimedia
Imaging
APNG – It allows for animated
PNG files that work similarly to animated
GIF files.
GBR – a
2D binary vector image file format, the de facto standard in the printed circuit board (PCB) industry
GIF – CompuServe's Graphics Interchange Format (openly published specification, but patent-encumbered by a third party; became free when patents expired in 2004)
JPEG – a lossy image format widely used to display photographic images, standardized by ISO/IEC
JPEG 2000 – an image format standardized by ISO/IEC
JPEG XL – an image format designed to outperform and replace existing formats. Especially
legacy JPEG. Supports both lossy and lossless compression.
OpenEXR – a high dynamic range imaging image file format, released as an open standard along with a set of software tools created by Industrial Light and Magic (ILM).
OpenRaster – a format for raster graphics editors that saves layers
PNG – a raster image format standardized by ISO/IEC
Ogg – container for
Vorbis,
FLAC,
Speex and
Opus (audio formats) &
Theora (a video format), each of which is an open format
Opus[2] – a lossy audio compression format developed by the
IETF. Suitable for
VoIP, videoconferencing (just audio), music transmission over the Internet and streaming applications (just audio).
HTML – HyperText Markup Language (HTML) is the main markup language for creating web pages and other information that can be displayed in a web browser.
OpenXPS – open standard for a page description language and a fixed-document format
PDF started as a proprietary standard. PDF version 1.7 was standardized as ISO 32000-1[8] in 2008. However, some technologies indispensable for the full implementation of ISO 32000-1 are defined only by Adobe and remain proprietary (e.g. Adobe XML Forms Architecture, Adobe JavaScript).[9][10] ISO 32000-2:2017 (PDF 2.0) does not include these dependencies. Various subsets of PDF have been standardized to meet a variety of needs, including ISO 15930 (
PDF/X), ISO 19005 (
PDF/A), ISO 14829 (
PDF/UA) and ISO 24517 (
PDF/E). The
PDF Association has also standardized
PDF/raster).
XHTML – XHTML (Extensible HyperText Markup Language) is a family of XML markup languages that mirror or extend versions of the widely used Hypertext Markup Language (HTML), the language in which web pages are written.
ZIM – a file format that stores
wiki content for offline usage.[11]
An open file format is a
file format for storing
digital data, defined by a published
specification usually maintained by a
standards organization, and which can be used and implemented by anyone. For example, an open format can be implemented by both
proprietary and
free and
open source software, using the typical
software licenses used by each. In contrast to open formats,
closed formats are considered trade secrets. Open formats are also called free file formats if they are not encumbered by any copyrights, patents, trademarks or other restrictions (for example, if they are in the
public domain) so that anyone may use them at no monetary cost for any desired purpose.[1]
Open formats (in alphabetical order) include:
Multimedia
Imaging
APNG – It allows for animated
PNG files that work similarly to animated
GIF files.
GBR – a
2D binary vector image file format, the de facto standard in the printed circuit board (PCB) industry
GIF – CompuServe's Graphics Interchange Format (openly published specification, but patent-encumbered by a third party; became free when patents expired in 2004)
JPEG – a lossy image format widely used to display photographic images, standardized by ISO/IEC
JPEG 2000 – an image format standardized by ISO/IEC
JPEG XL – an image format designed to outperform and replace existing formats. Especially
legacy JPEG. Supports both lossy and lossless compression.
OpenEXR – a high dynamic range imaging image file format, released as an open standard along with a set of software tools created by Industrial Light and Magic (ILM).
OpenRaster – a format for raster graphics editors that saves layers
PNG – a raster image format standardized by ISO/IEC
Ogg – container for
Vorbis,
FLAC,
Speex and
Opus (audio formats) &
Theora (a video format), each of which is an open format
Opus[2] – a lossy audio compression format developed by the
IETF. Suitable for
VoIP, videoconferencing (just audio), music transmission over the Internet and streaming applications (just audio).
HTML – HyperText Markup Language (HTML) is the main markup language for creating web pages and other information that can be displayed in a web browser.
OpenXPS – open standard for a page description language and a fixed-document format
PDF started as a proprietary standard. PDF version 1.7 was standardized as ISO 32000-1[8] in 2008. However, some technologies indispensable for the full implementation of ISO 32000-1 are defined only by Adobe and remain proprietary (e.g. Adobe XML Forms Architecture, Adobe JavaScript).[9][10] ISO 32000-2:2017 (PDF 2.0) does not include these dependencies. Various subsets of PDF have been standardized to meet a variety of needs, including ISO 15930 (
PDF/X), ISO 19005 (
PDF/A), ISO 14829 (
PDF/UA) and ISO 24517 (
PDF/E). The
PDF Association has also standardized
PDF/raster).
XHTML – XHTML (Extensible HyperText Markup Language) is a family of XML markup languages that mirror or extend versions of the widely used Hypertext Markup Language (HTML), the language in which web pages are written.
ZIM – a file format that stores
wiki content for offline usage.[11]