^
abCharles V, Holy Roman Emperor and Charles I of Spain were the same person. He abdicated as Lord of the
Netherlands on 25 October 1555 and King of
Spain on 16 January 1556 in favor of his son
Philip II of Spain. Also in 1556, he separately voluntarily abdicated his German possessions and the title of
Holy Roman Emperor in favor of his brother
Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor.
^
abPedro IV of Portugal and Pedro I of Brazil were the same person. He was already Emperor of Brazil when he succeeded to the throne of Portugal in 1826, but abdicated two months later in favour of his daughter
Maria II of Portugal. Later, he abdicated the throne of Brazil in favour of his son
Pedro II.
^Louis was only "King" of France for the twenty minutes it took for him to decide to sign the instrument of abdication. This means his 'abdication' is debatable. However, abdication as an heir has no legal basis; therefore he had to become king in order to abdicate.
^
abCharles V, Holy Roman Emperor and Charles I of Spain were the same person. He abdicated as Lord of the
Netherlands on 25 October 1555 and King of
Spain on 16 January 1556 in favor of his son
Philip II of Spain. Also in 1556, he separately voluntarily abdicated his German possessions and the title of
Holy Roman Emperor in favor of his brother
Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor.
^
abPedro IV of Portugal and Pedro I of Brazil were the same person. He was already Emperor of Brazil when he succeeded to the throne of Portugal in 1826, but abdicated two months later in favour of his daughter
Maria II of Portugal. Later, he abdicated the throne of Brazil in favour of his son
Pedro II.
^Louis was only "King" of France for the twenty minutes it took for him to decide to sign the instrument of abdication. This means his 'abdication' is debatable. However, abdication as an heir has no legal basis; therefore he had to become king in order to abdicate.