This is a list of
monarchs of the
Bali Kingdom, an island in the
Indonesian archipelago. Included are, first, rulers on an island-wide level, and, second, rajas of minor states that arose in the 17th and 18th centuries. The sequence and dates of the rulers are not always securely documented, and conflicting statements may be found in various textbooks. The following list is based on
epigraphic records, Balinese chronicles (
babad), and data supplied by
Dutch colonial sources.
Balinese monarch lineages and monarchy claims continue to exist in
Bali, however, due to Indonesian occupation, the rise of the original rulers of Bali have been suppressed.
Hinduism has remained an integral part of the Balinese monarchies and culture, despite initial persecutions committed by Dutch invaders and Indonesian central authorities and militar.
C. C. Berg, De middeljavaansche historische traditie. Santpoort 1927.
A. J. Bernet Kempers, Monumental Bali; Introduction to Balinese Archaeology & Guide to the Monuments. Berkeley & Singapore 1991.
ISBN0-945971-16-8.
Helen Creese, 'Balinese babad as historical sources; A reinterpretation of the fall of Gelgel', Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 147 1991.
A. A. Gde Darta et al., Babad Arya Tabanan dan Ratu Tabanan. Denpasar 1996.
ISBN979-649-021-8.
Mahaudiana, Babad Manggis Gianyar. Gianyar 1968.
S. O. Robson, 'The Ancient Capital of Bali', Archipel 16 1978.
Henk Schulte Nordholt, Macht, mensen en middelen; Patronen en dynamiek in de Balische politiek ca. 1700-1840. Doctoraalscriptie, Amsterdam 1980.
Henk Schulte Nordholt, The Spell of Power; A History of Balinese Politics. Leiden 1996.
ISBN90-6718-090-4.
I. Nyoman Suada et al., Selayang Pandang Tokoh-Tokoh Puri Agung Kesiman (Abad XIX-XX). Denpasar 1999.
Anak Agung A. Sudira, Mengenal Kawitan Warga Mahagotra Tirtha Arum. Denpasar 1992.
Truhart P., Regents of Nations. Systematic Chronology of States and Their Political Representatives in Past and Present. A Biographical Reference Book, Part 3: Asia & Pacific Oceania, München 2003, s. 1239-1244,
ISBN3-598-21545-2.
Adrian Vickers, The Desiring Prince; A Study of the Kidung Malat as Text. PhD Thesis Sydney 1986.
Margaret J. Wiener. Visible and Invisible Realms; Power, Magic, and Colonial Conquest in Bali. Chicago & London 1995.
ISBN0-226-88580-1.
This is a list of
monarchs of the
Bali Kingdom, an island in the
Indonesian archipelago. Included are, first, rulers on an island-wide level, and, second, rajas of minor states that arose in the 17th and 18th centuries. The sequence and dates of the rulers are not always securely documented, and conflicting statements may be found in various textbooks. The following list is based on
epigraphic records, Balinese chronicles (
babad), and data supplied by
Dutch colonial sources.
Balinese monarch lineages and monarchy claims continue to exist in
Bali, however, due to Indonesian occupation, the rise of the original rulers of Bali have been suppressed.
Hinduism has remained an integral part of the Balinese monarchies and culture, despite initial persecutions committed by Dutch invaders and Indonesian central authorities and militar.
C. C. Berg, De middeljavaansche historische traditie. Santpoort 1927.
A. J. Bernet Kempers, Monumental Bali; Introduction to Balinese Archaeology & Guide to the Monuments. Berkeley & Singapore 1991.
ISBN0-945971-16-8.
Helen Creese, 'Balinese babad as historical sources; A reinterpretation of the fall of Gelgel', Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 147 1991.
A. A. Gde Darta et al., Babad Arya Tabanan dan Ratu Tabanan. Denpasar 1996.
ISBN979-649-021-8.
Mahaudiana, Babad Manggis Gianyar. Gianyar 1968.
S. O. Robson, 'The Ancient Capital of Bali', Archipel 16 1978.
Henk Schulte Nordholt, Macht, mensen en middelen; Patronen en dynamiek in de Balische politiek ca. 1700-1840. Doctoraalscriptie, Amsterdam 1980.
Henk Schulte Nordholt, The Spell of Power; A History of Balinese Politics. Leiden 1996.
ISBN90-6718-090-4.
I. Nyoman Suada et al., Selayang Pandang Tokoh-Tokoh Puri Agung Kesiman (Abad XIX-XX). Denpasar 1999.
Anak Agung A. Sudira, Mengenal Kawitan Warga Mahagotra Tirtha Arum. Denpasar 1992.
Truhart P., Regents of Nations. Systematic Chronology of States and Their Political Representatives in Past and Present. A Biographical Reference Book, Part 3: Asia & Pacific Oceania, München 2003, s. 1239-1244,
ISBN3-598-21545-2.
Adrian Vickers, The Desiring Prince; A Study of the Kidung Malat as Text. PhD Thesis Sydney 1986.
Margaret J. Wiener. Visible and Invisible Realms; Power, Magic, and Colonial Conquest in Bali. Chicago & London 1995.
ISBN0-226-88580-1.