This is a list of the first qualified female pharmacists to practice in each country, where that is known.
Please note: the list should foremost contain the first female pharmacist with a formal qualification from each country. Historically, it was normal for widows of apothecaries and pharmacist to inherit their late husband's profession without being formally qualified. These cases – and other of note – can be noted in the margin, but should not be listed first.
Namibia: There might be more female graduates, as the names listed were the only women named in the cited article.
Nigeria: Green is considered to have been the first female pharmacist in
West Africa. Ekanem Bassey Ikpeme was considered the first native female pharmacist in Nigeria.[18]
Tunisia:Dorra Bouzid is considered the first female pharmacist in Tunisia after independence. She started her practice sometime during the 1960s.[19]
Canada: Preevoot was considered the first Canadian woman to pass the pharmacy exam by law.
Chile: Glafira Vargas was the first female to graduate with a pharmacy degree in 1887, though Hinojosa appears to be the first female to work as a pharmacist upon graduation.[43][44]
Curaçao: van heb Elizabeths-Gasthu was said to have been the first woman to have passed the exam for an assistant pharmacist in the colony.
Guatemala: Altuve is considered the first
Central American woman to have obtained a university degree.
United States:
Elizabeth Gooking Greenleaf was the first not formally qualified pharmacist to practice in 1727.[45] Hayhust was the first woman to receive a pharmacy degree in the United States in 1883.
Ella P. Stewart was one of the first
African-American female pharmacists in the United States.[46][47]
Belgium: Certain sources cite
Louise Popelin (sister of Belgium's first female lawyer Marie Popelin) or
Ida Huys as Belgium's first female pharmacist. They both completed their exams in 1887.[110][82]
Czech Republic and Slovakia: Other sources cited Elza Fantová as the first Bohemia woman to earn a pharmaceutical degree in 1908.[111] Krontilová-Librova started her pharmacy practice in 1904 and became the first female pharmacy student at the University of Prague in 1907 (graduating in 1909).
Finland: The first female pharmacist to qualify without dispensation in
Finland was Helene Aejneleus in 1911. Brunberg was the first women to be qualified by dispensation.
Norway:Christine Dahl passed her assistant pharmacy exam in 1889, but Eide was considered the first female pharmacist.[82]
Poland: Although Lesniewska was considered the first female pharmacist, Filipina and Konstancja Studzinska (sisters) were the first women to pass the pharmacy examination in 1824.[82]
Sweden: Leth was the first female pharmacist to have fulfilled a formal qualification.
Maria Dauerer was the first female pharmacist to have obtained a license.[114] The first woman to have obtained a degree in
pharmacology was
Agnes Arvidsson (1903).[115]
Ukraine: Makarova, a
Kiev University (Ukraine) graduate, was the first woman to pass the examination for the title of pharmaceutical assistant.[108]
^"Ella Stewart." Contemporary Black Biography. Vol. 39. Detroit: Gale, 2003. Accessed via Biography in Context database, 2016-07-02.
Available online via Encyclopedia.com.
^Franziska Rogger: Der Doktorhut im Besenschrank: Das abenteuerliche Leben der ersten Studentinnen – am Beispiel der Universität Bern. Bern 1999/2002, ISBN 978-3-905561-32-6, S. 63–71.
^Levertin Alfred, Schimmelpfennig Carl Fredrik Vilhelm, Ahlberg Karl, red (1910–1918). Sveriges apotekarhistoria från konung Gustaf I:s till närvarande tid. Bd 1, Stockholms stad, Stockholms län, Uppsala län, Södermanlands län, Östergötlands län, Jönköpings län, Kronobergs län. Stockholm: Ernst Westerbergs boktr.
This is a list of the first qualified female pharmacists to practice in each country, where that is known.
Please note: the list should foremost contain the first female pharmacist with a formal qualification from each country. Historically, it was normal for widows of apothecaries and pharmacist to inherit their late husband's profession without being formally qualified. These cases – and other of note – can be noted in the margin, but should not be listed first.
Namibia: There might be more female graduates, as the names listed were the only women named in the cited article.
Nigeria: Green is considered to have been the first female pharmacist in
West Africa. Ekanem Bassey Ikpeme was considered the first native female pharmacist in Nigeria.[18]
Tunisia:Dorra Bouzid is considered the first female pharmacist in Tunisia after independence. She started her practice sometime during the 1960s.[19]
Canada: Preevoot was considered the first Canadian woman to pass the pharmacy exam by law.
Chile: Glafira Vargas was the first female to graduate with a pharmacy degree in 1887, though Hinojosa appears to be the first female to work as a pharmacist upon graduation.[43][44]
Curaçao: van heb Elizabeths-Gasthu was said to have been the first woman to have passed the exam for an assistant pharmacist in the colony.
Guatemala: Altuve is considered the first
Central American woman to have obtained a university degree.
United States:
Elizabeth Gooking Greenleaf was the first not formally qualified pharmacist to practice in 1727.[45] Hayhust was the first woman to receive a pharmacy degree in the United States in 1883.
Ella P. Stewart was one of the first
African-American female pharmacists in the United States.[46][47]
Belgium: Certain sources cite
Louise Popelin (sister of Belgium's first female lawyer Marie Popelin) or
Ida Huys as Belgium's first female pharmacist. They both completed their exams in 1887.[110][82]
Czech Republic and Slovakia: Other sources cited Elza Fantová as the first Bohemia woman to earn a pharmaceutical degree in 1908.[111] Krontilová-Librova started her pharmacy practice in 1904 and became the first female pharmacy student at the University of Prague in 1907 (graduating in 1909).
Finland: The first female pharmacist to qualify without dispensation in
Finland was Helene Aejneleus in 1911. Brunberg was the first women to be qualified by dispensation.
Norway:Christine Dahl passed her assistant pharmacy exam in 1889, but Eide was considered the first female pharmacist.[82]
Poland: Although Lesniewska was considered the first female pharmacist, Filipina and Konstancja Studzinska (sisters) were the first women to pass the pharmacy examination in 1824.[82]
Sweden: Leth was the first female pharmacist to have fulfilled a formal qualification.
Maria Dauerer was the first female pharmacist to have obtained a license.[114] The first woman to have obtained a degree in
pharmacology was
Agnes Arvidsson (1903).[115]
Ukraine: Makarova, a
Kiev University (Ukraine) graduate, was the first woman to pass the examination for the title of pharmaceutical assistant.[108]
^"Ella Stewart." Contemporary Black Biography. Vol. 39. Detroit: Gale, 2003. Accessed via Biography in Context database, 2016-07-02.
Available online via Encyclopedia.com.
^Franziska Rogger: Der Doktorhut im Besenschrank: Das abenteuerliche Leben der ersten Studentinnen – am Beispiel der Universität Bern. Bern 1999/2002, ISBN 978-3-905561-32-6, S. 63–71.
^Levertin Alfred, Schimmelpfennig Carl Fredrik Vilhelm, Ahlberg Karl, red (1910–1918). Sveriges apotekarhistoria från konung Gustaf I:s till närvarande tid. Bd 1, Stockholms stad, Stockholms län, Uppsala län, Södermanlands län, Östergötlands län, Jönköpings län, Kronobergs län. Stockholm: Ernst Westerbergs boktr.