Language Endangerment Status | |
---|---|
Extinct (EX) | |
| |
Endangered | |
Safe | |
| |
Other categories | |
Related topics | |
![]() UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger categories | |
This is a list of endangered languages of Oceania, based on the definitions used by UNESCO.
An endangered language is a language that it is at risk of falling out of use because there is little transmission of the language to younger generations. If a language loses all of its native speakers, it becomes an extinct language.
According to the 2016 census, English is the only language spoken in the home for close to 72.7% of the population. The next most common languages spoken at home are Mandarin (2.5%), Arabic (1.4%), Cantonese (1.2%), Vietnamese (1.2%) and Italian (1.2%). A considerable proportion of first- and second-generation migrants are bilingual. [1]
Language | Speakers | Status | Comments | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|
Kapingamarangi language [2] | Severely endangered | |||
Kosraean language [2] | Severely endangered | Micronesia & Nauru | ||
Mokilese language [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Mortlockese language, Mortlockese [2] | Definitely endangered | |||
Namonuito language, Namonuito [2] | Severely endangered | |||
Ngatikese Men's Creole language, Ngatikese Men's Creole [2] | Definitely endangered | |||
Nukuoro language, Nukuoro [2] | Definitely endangered | |||
Nguluwan language[ citation needed] | ||||
Paafang language, Paafang [2] | Severely endangered | |||
Pingelapese language, Pingelapese [2] | Severely endangered | |||
Puluwat language, Puluwat [2] | Severely endangered | |||
Satawal language, Satawal [2] | Severely endangered | |||
Ulithian language, Ulithian [2] | Severely endangered | |||
Woleaian language, Woleaian [2] | Severely endangered |
The UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger lists 88 endangered languages in Indonesia.
The following languages of New Caledonia may be considered endangered.
Language | Speakers | Status | Comments | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|
Arha language [2] | 35 | Critically endangered | Arhâ language | (1996 census) |
Arho language [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Caac language [2] | Vulnerable | |||
Drubea language [2] | Vulnerable | |||
Fagauvea language (Northern) [2] | Vulnerable | |||
Fagauvea language (Southern) [2] | Vulnerable | |||
Fwâi language [2] | Vulnerable | |||
Jawe language [2] | Vulnerable | |||
Kumak language [2] | Vulnerable | |||
Neku language [2] | Severely endangered | |||
Nemi language [2] | Definitely endangered | |||
Orowe language [2] | Definitely endangered | |||
Pije language [2] | Severely endangered | |||
Pwaamèi language [2] | Definitely endangered | |||
Pwapwa language [2] | Severely endangered | |||
Tiri language [2] | Definitely endangered | |||
Voh-Koné dialects [2] | Definitely endangered | |||
Xaragure language [2] | Vulnerable |
Language | Speakers | Status | Comments | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|
Asumboa language [2] | Severely endangered | |||
Blablanga language [2] | Definitely endangered | |||
Faghani language [2] | Vulnerable | |||
Gao language [2] | Vulnerable | |||
Hoava language [2] | Vulnerable | |||
Kokota language [2] | Vulnerable | |||
Oroha language [2] | Severely endangered | |||
Ririo language [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Savo language [2] | Definitely endangered | |||
Tanema language [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Tanimbili language [2] | Severely endangered | |||
Teanu language [2] | Definitely endangered | |||
Vano language [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Zazao language [2] | Critically endangered |
Language | Speakers | Status | Comments | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|
Amblong language [2] | Definitely endangered | |||
Araki language [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Aveteian language [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Baki language [2] | Vulnerable | |||
Bangsa language [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Bierebo language [2] | Vulnerable | |||
Bieria language [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Dorig language [2] | Definitely endangered | |||
Emae language [2] | Vulnerable | |||
Hiw language [2] | 280 | Definitely endangered | (2010 A.François) | |
Koro language [2] | Definitely endangered | |||
Labo language [2] | Vulnerable | |||
Lakon language [2] | Vulnerable | |||
Lehali language [2] | Vulnerable | |||
Lemerig language [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Lorediakarkar language [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Löyöp language [2] | 240 | Vulnerable | Lehalurup | (2010 A.François) |
Mafea language [2] | Definitely endangered | |||
Malmariv language [2] | Vulnerable | |||
Matanvat language [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Mores language [2] | Severely endangered | |||
Mwesen language [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Naati language (Näti) [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Naman language [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Nasarian language [3] | 5 | Critically endangered | (Nasarian at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)) | |
Navwien language [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Nisvai language [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Nivat language [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Niviar language [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Olrat language [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Polonomombauk language [2] | Definitely endangered | |||
Repanbitip language [2] | Definitely endangered | |||
Shark Bay language [2] | Vulnerable | |||
Ske language [2] | Severely endangered | |||
Sorsorian language (Sösörian) [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Tambotalo language [2] | 50 | Severely endangered | (1983 SIL) | |
Tape language [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Tolomako language [2] | Definitely endangered | |||
Tutuba language [2] | Definitely endangered | |||
Umbrul language (Numbuwul) [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Ura language [2] | 6 | Critically endangered | (1998 T Crowley) | |
Vera'a language [2] | Definitely endangered | |||
Volow language [2] | Critically endangered |
Language | Speakers | Status | Comments | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|
Tobian language | 22 | Critically endangered | (1995 SIL) | |
Sonsorolese language | 600 | Severely endangered |
![]() | This section needs expansion. You can help by
adding to it. (March 2012) |
The following Polynesian languages considered endangered are mostly Polynesian outliers spoken by tiny minorities.
Language | Speakers | Status | Ethnologue entry (ISO 639-3) [2] |
---|---|---|---|
Rapa language (French Polynesia) [2] | |||
Rapa Nui language (Chile) [2] | |||
Niuafo'ou language (Tonga) [2] | |||
Nukumanu language (Papua New Guinea, Nukumanu Islands) [2] | |||
Nukuria language (Papua New Guinea) [2] | |||
Ontong Java language (Solomon Islands) [2] | |||
Sikaiana language (Solomon Islands) [2] | |||
Takuu language (Papua New Guinea) [2] | |||
Tuvaluan language (Tuvalu) [2] | |||
Anuta language (Solomon Islands) [2] | |||
Futunan language (Wallis and Futuna) [2] | |||
Futuna-Aniwa language (Vanuatu) [2] | |||
Mele-Fila language (Vanuatu) [2] | |||
Rennell-Bellona language (Solomon Islands) [2] | |||
Tikopia language (Solomon Islands) [2] | |||
Vaeakau-Taumako language (Solomon Islands) [2] | |||
Pukapuka language (Cook Islands) [2] | |||
Penrhyn language (Cook Islands) [2] | |||
Tokelauan language (Tokelau) [2] |
Language | Location | Speakers | Status | Comments | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Austral language [2] | French Polynesia | Definitely endangered | |||
Chamorro language [2] | Guam/Northern Mariana Islands | Vulnerable | |||
Mangareva language [2] | French Polynesia | Severely endangered | |||
Rakahanga-Manihiki language [2] | Cook Islands | Definitely endangered | |||
Nauruan language [2] | Nauru | Severely endangered | |||
Niuean language [2] | Niue | Definitely endangered | Vagahau Niue | ||
Norfuk language (Norfolk) [2] | Norfolk Island | Definitely endangered | |||
Norfuk language (Pitcairn) [2] | Pitcairn | Vulnerable | |||
Penrhyn language [2] | Cook Islands | Severely endangered | |||
Pukapukan language [2] | Cook Islands | Definitely endangered | |||
Cook Islands Māori [2] | Cook Islands | Vulnerable | Rarotongan language | ||
Rotuman language [2] | Fiji | Vulnerable | |||
Tokelauan language [2] | Tokelau | Severely endangered | |||
Tuamotuan language [2] | French Polynesia | Definitely endangered | |||
Tuvaluan language [2] | Tuvalu | Definitely endangered | |||
Hawaiian language [2] | Hawai'i | Definitely endangered |
Language Endangerment Status | |
---|---|
Extinct (EX) | |
| |
Endangered | |
Safe | |
| |
Other categories | |
Related topics | |
![]() UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger categories | |
This is a list of endangered languages of Oceania, based on the definitions used by UNESCO.
An endangered language is a language that it is at risk of falling out of use because there is little transmission of the language to younger generations. If a language loses all of its native speakers, it becomes an extinct language.
According to the 2016 census, English is the only language spoken in the home for close to 72.7% of the population. The next most common languages spoken at home are Mandarin (2.5%), Arabic (1.4%), Cantonese (1.2%), Vietnamese (1.2%) and Italian (1.2%). A considerable proportion of first- and second-generation migrants are bilingual. [1]
Language | Speakers | Status | Comments | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|
Kapingamarangi language [2] | Severely endangered | |||
Kosraean language [2] | Severely endangered | Micronesia & Nauru | ||
Mokilese language [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Mortlockese language, Mortlockese [2] | Definitely endangered | |||
Namonuito language, Namonuito [2] | Severely endangered | |||
Ngatikese Men's Creole language, Ngatikese Men's Creole [2] | Definitely endangered | |||
Nukuoro language, Nukuoro [2] | Definitely endangered | |||
Nguluwan language[ citation needed] | ||||
Paafang language, Paafang [2] | Severely endangered | |||
Pingelapese language, Pingelapese [2] | Severely endangered | |||
Puluwat language, Puluwat [2] | Severely endangered | |||
Satawal language, Satawal [2] | Severely endangered | |||
Ulithian language, Ulithian [2] | Severely endangered | |||
Woleaian language, Woleaian [2] | Severely endangered |
The UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger lists 88 endangered languages in Indonesia.
The following languages of New Caledonia may be considered endangered.
Language | Speakers | Status | Comments | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|
Arha language [2] | 35 | Critically endangered | Arhâ language | (1996 census) |
Arho language [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Caac language [2] | Vulnerable | |||
Drubea language [2] | Vulnerable | |||
Fagauvea language (Northern) [2] | Vulnerable | |||
Fagauvea language (Southern) [2] | Vulnerable | |||
Fwâi language [2] | Vulnerable | |||
Jawe language [2] | Vulnerable | |||
Kumak language [2] | Vulnerable | |||
Neku language [2] | Severely endangered | |||
Nemi language [2] | Definitely endangered | |||
Orowe language [2] | Definitely endangered | |||
Pije language [2] | Severely endangered | |||
Pwaamèi language [2] | Definitely endangered | |||
Pwapwa language [2] | Severely endangered | |||
Tiri language [2] | Definitely endangered | |||
Voh-Koné dialects [2] | Definitely endangered | |||
Xaragure language [2] | Vulnerable |
Language | Speakers | Status | Comments | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|
Asumboa language [2] | Severely endangered | |||
Blablanga language [2] | Definitely endangered | |||
Faghani language [2] | Vulnerable | |||
Gao language [2] | Vulnerable | |||
Hoava language [2] | Vulnerable | |||
Kokota language [2] | Vulnerable | |||
Oroha language [2] | Severely endangered | |||
Ririo language [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Savo language [2] | Definitely endangered | |||
Tanema language [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Tanimbili language [2] | Severely endangered | |||
Teanu language [2] | Definitely endangered | |||
Vano language [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Zazao language [2] | Critically endangered |
Language | Speakers | Status | Comments | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|
Amblong language [2] | Definitely endangered | |||
Araki language [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Aveteian language [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Baki language [2] | Vulnerable | |||
Bangsa language [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Bierebo language [2] | Vulnerable | |||
Bieria language [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Dorig language [2] | Definitely endangered | |||
Emae language [2] | Vulnerable | |||
Hiw language [2] | 280 | Definitely endangered | (2010 A.François) | |
Koro language [2] | Definitely endangered | |||
Labo language [2] | Vulnerable | |||
Lakon language [2] | Vulnerable | |||
Lehali language [2] | Vulnerable | |||
Lemerig language [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Lorediakarkar language [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Löyöp language [2] | 240 | Vulnerable | Lehalurup | (2010 A.François) |
Mafea language [2] | Definitely endangered | |||
Malmariv language [2] | Vulnerable | |||
Matanvat language [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Mores language [2] | Severely endangered | |||
Mwesen language [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Naati language (Näti) [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Naman language [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Nasarian language [3] | 5 | Critically endangered | (Nasarian at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)) | |
Navwien language [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Nisvai language [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Nivat language [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Niviar language [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Olrat language [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Polonomombauk language [2] | Definitely endangered | |||
Repanbitip language [2] | Definitely endangered | |||
Shark Bay language [2] | Vulnerable | |||
Ske language [2] | Severely endangered | |||
Sorsorian language (Sösörian) [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Tambotalo language [2] | 50 | Severely endangered | (1983 SIL) | |
Tape language [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Tolomako language [2] | Definitely endangered | |||
Tutuba language [2] | Definitely endangered | |||
Umbrul language (Numbuwul) [2] | Critically endangered | |||
Ura language [2] | 6 | Critically endangered | (1998 T Crowley) | |
Vera'a language [2] | Definitely endangered | |||
Volow language [2] | Critically endangered |
Language | Speakers | Status | Comments | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|
Tobian language | 22 | Critically endangered | (1995 SIL) | |
Sonsorolese language | 600 | Severely endangered |
![]() | This section needs expansion. You can help by
adding to it. (March 2012) |
The following Polynesian languages considered endangered are mostly Polynesian outliers spoken by tiny minorities.
Language | Speakers | Status | Ethnologue entry (ISO 639-3) [2] |
---|---|---|---|
Rapa language (French Polynesia) [2] | |||
Rapa Nui language (Chile) [2] | |||
Niuafo'ou language (Tonga) [2] | |||
Nukumanu language (Papua New Guinea, Nukumanu Islands) [2] | |||
Nukuria language (Papua New Guinea) [2] | |||
Ontong Java language (Solomon Islands) [2] | |||
Sikaiana language (Solomon Islands) [2] | |||
Takuu language (Papua New Guinea) [2] | |||
Tuvaluan language (Tuvalu) [2] | |||
Anuta language (Solomon Islands) [2] | |||
Futunan language (Wallis and Futuna) [2] | |||
Futuna-Aniwa language (Vanuatu) [2] | |||
Mele-Fila language (Vanuatu) [2] | |||
Rennell-Bellona language (Solomon Islands) [2] | |||
Tikopia language (Solomon Islands) [2] | |||
Vaeakau-Taumako language (Solomon Islands) [2] | |||
Pukapuka language (Cook Islands) [2] | |||
Penrhyn language (Cook Islands) [2] | |||
Tokelauan language (Tokelau) [2] |
Language | Location | Speakers | Status | Comments | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Austral language [2] | French Polynesia | Definitely endangered | |||
Chamorro language [2] | Guam/Northern Mariana Islands | Vulnerable | |||
Mangareva language [2] | French Polynesia | Severely endangered | |||
Rakahanga-Manihiki language [2] | Cook Islands | Definitely endangered | |||
Nauruan language [2] | Nauru | Severely endangered | |||
Niuean language [2] | Niue | Definitely endangered | Vagahau Niue | ||
Norfuk language (Norfolk) [2] | Norfolk Island | Definitely endangered | |||
Norfuk language (Pitcairn) [2] | Pitcairn | Vulnerable | |||
Penrhyn language [2] | Cook Islands | Severely endangered | |||
Pukapukan language [2] | Cook Islands | Definitely endangered | |||
Cook Islands Māori [2] | Cook Islands | Vulnerable | Rarotongan language | ||
Rotuman language [2] | Fiji | Vulnerable | |||
Tokelauan language [2] | Tokelau | Severely endangered | |||
Tuamotuan language [2] | French Polynesia | Definitely endangered | |||
Tuvaluan language [2] | Tuvalu | Definitely endangered | |||
Hawaiian language [2] | Hawai'i | Definitely endangered |