Several ancient cities of Mesopotamia and Persia are known to have had a circular plan.
City/town | Establishment | Coordinates | Notes | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sagbat/ Hagmatana | 700 BC | [1] | ||
Sam'al | Hittite period | [1] | ||
Ctesiphon | Details are still under discussion. Circularity may be a result of natural growth of the city rather than design. | [2] | ||
Metropolis (Thessaly) | 3rd and 2nd century BC | Early Western travelers reported that the fortifications surrounding the ancient city was completely circular. | [3] | |
Hatra | 3rd or 2nd century BC | The plan is round, but it lacks "a genuine geometrical concept". | [2] | |
Gōr (old Firuzabad) | 3rd century[ dubious – discuss] | The city plan was a perfect circle of 1,950 m diameter, divided into twenty sectors. The plan also featured a circular city center, with a tower at its very center. | [4] | |
Veh-Ardashir | 3rd century | The circular wall is uncovered. | [5] | |
Harran | Sasanian period | [1] | ||
Gay / Jay ( Isfahan's twin city) | [6] | |||
Isfahan | The round city of Isfahan is not uncovered yet. | [2] | ||
Basra | 630s | Known mostly from literature. | [1] | |
Kufa | 630s | Known mostly from literature. | [1] | |
Baghdad | 762 | Known as "the round city of Baghdad". | [2] [7] | |
Darab | 8th century | The uncovered imperfect circular perimeter is reportedly a defensive work built in the 8th century, and the city itself was triangular in design. | [8] | |
Heraqla | 790s | [1] | ||
Venus Project (design) | 1955 | In Miami, Jacques Fresco presented designs of a circular city. |
Several ancient cities of Mesopotamia and Persia are known to have had a circular plan.
City/town | Establishment | Coordinates | Notes | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sagbat/ Hagmatana | 700 BC | [1] | ||
Sam'al | Hittite period | [1] | ||
Ctesiphon | Details are still under discussion. Circularity may be a result of natural growth of the city rather than design. | [2] | ||
Metropolis (Thessaly) | 3rd and 2nd century BC | Early Western travelers reported that the fortifications surrounding the ancient city was completely circular. | [3] | |
Hatra | 3rd or 2nd century BC | The plan is round, but it lacks "a genuine geometrical concept". | [2] | |
Gōr (old Firuzabad) | 3rd century[ dubious – discuss] | The city plan was a perfect circle of 1,950 m diameter, divided into twenty sectors. The plan also featured a circular city center, with a tower at its very center. | [4] | |
Veh-Ardashir | 3rd century | The circular wall is uncovered. | [5] | |
Harran | Sasanian period | [1] | ||
Gay / Jay ( Isfahan's twin city) | [6] | |||
Isfahan | The round city of Isfahan is not uncovered yet. | [2] | ||
Basra | 630s | Known mostly from literature. | [1] | |
Kufa | 630s | Known mostly from literature. | [1] | |
Baghdad | 762 | Known as "the round city of Baghdad". | [2] [7] | |
Darab | 8th century | The uncovered imperfect circular perimeter is reportedly a defensive work built in the 8th century, and the city itself was triangular in design. | [8] | |
Heraqla | 790s | [1] | ||
Venus Project (design) | 1955 | In Miami, Jacques Fresco presented designs of a circular city. |