From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Expansion of the
Rashidun Caliphate under different
caliphs (632–661)
This is the list of battles involving the
Rashidun Caliphate ranked
chronologically from 632, with the first
caliph
Abu Bakr As-Siddiq, to the last caliph in 661,
Ali ibn Abi Talib.
Here is a legend to facilitate the reading of the outcomes of the battles below:
Muslim Victory
Muslim Defeat
Other result (For example a treaty or peace without a clear result, a
status quo ante bellum, an unknown or undecided result)
Abu Bakr As-Siddiq (632–634)
Battle
|
Date
|
Enemies
|
Result
|
Sources
|
Start
|
End
|
Wars of Apostasy
|
Battle of Zhu Qissa
|
July 25, 632
|
July 30, 632
|
Rebel
apostates
|
Victory
|
[1],
[2][
self-published source?],
[3]
|
Battle of Buzakha
|
September 632
|
Rebel
apostates
|
Victory
|
[4],
[5],
[3]
|
Battle of Zafar
|
October 632
|
Rebel
apostates
|
Victory
|
[6],
[3],
[7]
|
Battle of Ghamra
|
632
|
Rebel
apostates
|
Victory
|
[8],
[6],
[9]
|
Battle of Daumat-ul-Jandal
|
June 14, 633
|
September 10, 633
|
Rebel
apostates
|
Victory
|
[10],
[3],
[11]
|
Battle of Dibba
|
November 633
|
Rebel
apostates
|
Victory
|
[4],
[12],
[13]
|
Battle of Al-Yamama
|
633
|
Rebel
apostates
|
Victory
|
[14],
[15],
[16]
|
Battle of Nujair
|
633
|
Rebel
apostates
|
Victory
|
[17],
[14],
[18]
|
Battle of Naqra
|
632
|
633
|
Rebel
apostates
|
Victory
|
[19],
[20],
[9]
|
Muslim conquest of Persia
|
Battle of the Chains / Kazima
|
April 633
|
Sassanian Empire
Arab Christians
|
Victory
|
[21],
[22],
[23]
|
Battle of the River
|
April 633
|
Sassanian Empire
Arab Christians
|
Victory
|
[24],
[25],
[26]
|
Battle of Walaja
|
May 633
|
Sassanian Empire
Arab Christians
|
Victory
|
[24],
[27],
[26]
|
Battle of Husayd
|
633
|
Sassanian Empire
Arab Christians
|
Victory
|
[28],
[29],
[30]
|
Battle of Ullais
|
May 633
|
Sassanian Empire
Arab Christians
|
Victory
|
[24],
[31],
[26]
|
Siege of Al-Hira
|
May 633
|
Sassanian Empire
Arab Christians
|
Victory
|
[32],
[33],
[26]
|
Siege of Al-Anbar
|
July 633
|
Sassanian Empire
Arab Christians
|
Victory
|
[34],
[26],
[31]
|
Siege of Ayn al-Tamr
|
July 633
|
Sassanian Empire
Arab Christians
|
Victory
|
[34],
[26],
[35]
|
Battle of Muzayyah
|
November 633
|
Sassanian Empire
Arab Christians
|
Victory
|
[34],
[36],
[37]
|
Battle of Muzieh
|
November 633
|
Sassanian Empire
Arab Christians
|
Victory
|
[38],
[39],
[40]
|
Battle of Sanni
|
November 633
|
Sassanian Empire
Arab Christians
|
Victory
|
[38],
[40],
[39]
|
Battle of Zumail
|
November 633
|
Sassanian Empire
Arab Christians
|
Victory
|
[37],
[41],
[39]
|
Battle of Firaz
|
December 633
|
Sassanian Empire
Byzantine Empire
Arab Christians
|
Victory
|
[40],
[42],
[37]
|
1st Battle of Babylon
|
June 634
|
July 634
|
Sassanian Empire
|
Victory
|
[43],
[44],
[45]
|
Byzantine–Arab Wars
|
Expedition of Usama bin Zayd
|
June 632
|
Byzantine Empire
Ghassanid Kingdom
|
Victory
|
[46],
[47],
[48]
|
Battle of Dathin
|
February 4, 634
|
Byzantine Empire
|
Victory
|
[49],
[50],
[51]
|
Battle of Marj Rahit
|
April 24, 634
|
Ghassanid Kingdom
Byzantine Empire
|
Victory
|
[52],
[53],
[54]
|
Battle of Ajnadayn
|
July 30, 634
|
August 634
|
Byzantine Empire
|
Victory
|
[50],
[55],
[56]
|
Battle of Fahl
|
December 634
|
January 635
|
Byzantine Empire
|
Victory
|
[57],
[58],
[59]
|
Umar ibn al-Khattab (634–644)
Battle
|
Date
|
Enemies
|
Result
|
Sources
|
Start
|
End
|
Muslim conquest of Persia
|
Battle of Namaraq
|
634
|
Sassanian Empire
|
Victory
|
[60],
[61],
[62]
|
Battle of Kaskar
|
634
|
Sassanian Empire
|
Victory
|
[63],
[64],
[65]
|
Battle of Saqatia
|
634
|
Sassanian Empire
|
Victory
|
[66],
[67],
[68]
|
Battle of the Bridge
|
October 13, 634
|
Sassanian Empire
|
Defeat
|
[69],
[70],
[71]
|
Battle of Buwaib
|
November 635
|
Sassanian Empire
|
Victory
|
[70],
[72],
[73]
|
Battle of al-Qadisiyya
|
November 16, 636
|
November 19, 636
|
Sassanian Empire
|
Victory
|
[74],
[75],
[76]
|
Battle of Burs
|
636
|
Sassanian Empire
|
Victory
|
[77],
[78],
[79]
|
2nd Battle of Babylon
|
December 636
|
Sassanian Empire
|
Victory
|
[78],
[80],
[81]
|
Battle of Sura
|
636
|
637
|
Sassanian Empire
|
Victory
|
[78],
[34],
[82]
|
Battle of Deir Kab
|
636
|
637
|
Sassanian Empire
|
Victory
|
[78],
[34],
[82]
|
Battle of Kusa
|
January 637
|
Sassanian Empire
|
Victory
|
[78],
[34],
[83]
|
Siege of Ctesiphon
|
January 637
|
March 637
|
Sassanian Empire
|
Victory
|
[78],
[84],
[85]
|
Battle of Jalula
|
April 637
|
Sassanian Empire
|
Victory
|
[86],
[87],
[88]
|
Battle of Nahavand
|
642
|
Sassanian Empire
|
Victory
|
[89],
[90],
[91]
|
Siege of Shushtar
|
641
|
642
|
Sassanian Empire
|
Victory
|
[92],
[93],
[94]
|
Battle of Ispahan
|
642
|
Sassanian Empire
|
Victory
|
[95],
[96],
[97]
|
Battle of Waj Rudh
|
643
|
Sassanian Empire
|
Victory
|
[97],
[98],
[99]
|
Byzantine–Arab Wars
|
Siege of Damascus
|
September 634
|
September 4, 635
|
Byzantine Empire
|
Victory
|
[100],
[101],
[102]
|
Battle of Marj al-Saffar
|
January 23, 635
|
Byzantine Empire
|
Victory
|
[103],
[104],
[105]
|
Battle of Marj Al-Rum
|
March 635
|
Byzantine Empire
|
Victory
|
[59],
[106],
[107]
|
1st Siege of Emesa / Homs
|
December 635
|
January 636
|
Byzantine Empire
|
Victory
|
[59],
[108],
[109]
|
Battle of Yarmouk
|
August 15, 636
|
August 20, 636
|
Byzantine Empire
Ghassanid Kingdom
|
Victory
|
[110],
[111],
[112]
|
Siege of Jerusalem
|
January 637
|
End of April 637
|
Byzantine Empire
|
Victory
|
[113],
[114],
[115]
|
Battle of Qinnasrin
|
637
|
Byzantine Empire
|
Victory
|
[41],
[116],
[117]
|
Siege of Aleppo
|
June 637
|
October 637
|
Byzantine Empire
|
Victory
|
[118],
[119],[
citation needed]
|
Battle of the Iron Bridge
|
October 30, 637
|
Byzantine Empire
|
Victory
|
[120],
[121],
[122]
|
2nd
Siege of Emesa / Homs
|
638
|
Byzantine Empire
|
Victory
|
[123],
[124],
[125]
|
Siege of Latakia / Laodicea
|
638
|
Byzantine Empire
|
Victory
|
[126],
[127],
[128]
|
Siege of Marash
|
Autumn 638
|
Byzantine Empire
|
Victory
|
[129],
[130],
[24]
|
Siege of Pelusium
|
End of 639
|
Early 640
|
Byzantine Empire
|
Victory
|
[131],
[132],
[133]
|
Siege of Bilbeis
|
March 640
|
Byzantine Empire
|
Victory
|
[134],
[135],
[136]
|
Bataille de Héliopolis
|
July 640
|
Byzantine Empire
|
Victory
|
[137],
[138],
[139]
|
Siege of Babylon Fortress
|
October 640
|
April 6, 641
|
Byzantine Empire
|
Victory
|
[140],
[141],
[142]
|
Siege of Alexandria
|
June 641
|
November 641
|
Byzantine Empire
|
Victory
|
[143],
[144],
[54]
|
Indo-Muslim Wars
|
Battle of Rasil
|
Early 644
|
Rai Dynasty
|
Victory
|
[145],
[146],
[147]
|
Muslim-Makurian Wars
|
First Battle of Dongola
|
642
|
Kingdom of Makuria
|
Defeat
|
[148],
[149],
[150]
|
Uthman ibn Affan (644–656)
Battle
|
Date
|
Enemies
|
Result
|
Sources
|
Start
|
End
|
Muslim conquest of Persia
|
Battle of Nishapur
|
652
|
Rebels of the
House of Karen
|
Victory
|
[151],
[152],
[153]
|
Siege of Herat
|
652
|
Rebels of the
House of Karen
Hephthalites
|
Victory
|
[154],
[155],
[156]
|
Byzantine–Arab Wars
|
Battle of Nikiou
|
646
|
Byzantine Empire
|
Victory
|
[157],
[158],
[159]
|
Battle of Sufetula
|
647
|
Byzantine Empire
|
Victory
|
[160],
[161],
[162]
|
Battle of the Masts
|
655
|
Byzantine Empire
|
Victory
|
[163],
[164],
[165]
|
Muslim-Makurian Wars
|
Second Battle of Dongola
|
651
|
652
|
Kingdom of Makuria
|
Defeat
|
[148],
[149],
[166]
|
Ali ibn Abi Talib (656–661)
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A History of the Crusades - Volume 1 by Steven Runciman - 1987
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From Muhammad to Bin Laden - Religious and Ideological Sources of the Homicide Bombers Phenomenon by David Bukay - 2017
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50 Great Military Leaders of All Time by Jann Tibbetts - 2016
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Rabi'a From Narrative to Myth by Rkia Elaroui Cornell - 2019
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Letters by Nursi - 2008
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A Guide to Battles Decisive Conflicts in History by Richard Holmes - 2006
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War Victims and the Right to a City by Hind Al-Shoubaki - 2022
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A History of Palestine, 634-1099 by Moshe Gil - 1997
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Jerusalem Falls - Seven Centuries of War and Peace by John D. Hosler - 2022
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The New Roman Empire - A History of Byzantium by Anthony Kaldellis - 2024
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History of the Arab Invasions: The Conquest of the Lands by Ahmad b. Yahya al-Baladhuri - 2022
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Les figures du compromis dans les sociétés islamiques by Mohamed Nachi - 2011
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Decline and Fall of the Sasanian Empire by Parvaneh Pourshariati - 2017
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Promises of Betrayals - The History That Shaped the Iranian Shia Clerics by Fazle Chowdhury - 2018
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Science diplomacy and transboundary water management -the Orontes River case by Ballabio, R. - 2015
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Marcus Simaika - Father of Coptic Archaeology by Samir Simaika, Nevine Henein - 2017
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Between Constantinople, the Papacy, and the Caliphate -The Melkite Church in the Islamicate World, 634-969 by Krzysztof Kościelniak - 2022
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Egypt After the Pharaohs, 332 BC-AD 642 - From Alexander to the Arab Conquest by Alan K. Bowman - 1996*
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L’Orient islamique face à l’Occident by Claude-Gilbert Dubois - 2011
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L'idéologie omeyyade by Gabriel Martinez-Gros - 1992
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Les figures du compromis dans les sociétés islamiques by Mohamed Nachi - 2011
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Decline and Fall of the Sasanian Empire by Parvaneh Pourshariati - 2017
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The Forgotten Church by Debabrata Maulik - 2020
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Les grandes figures de l'Iran by Houchang Nahavandi, Yves Bomati - 2015
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Encyclopédie des gens du monde by X - 1841
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The History of Al-Ṭabarī Vol. 14 by Al-Tabari - 2015
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Tunisie by Salah Riza - 2008
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Cahiers du centenaire de l'Algérie. [no.] 1-12 - Volume 1 by Comité national métropolitain du centenaire de l'Algérie - 1930
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La Tunisie antique et islamique - Patrimoine archéologique tunisien by Samir Guizani, Mohamed Ghodhbane, Xavier Delestre - 2018
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Citadel of Shia Imams by Mahboob Illahi - 2020
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La Grande Stratégie de l’empire byzantin by Edward N. Luttwak - 2010
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War and Religion by X - 1927
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Enduring Controversies in Military History [2 Volumes] by Spencer Tucker - 2017
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The Sea in World History [2 Volumes] by Stephen K. Stein - 2017
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Promises of Betrayals - The History That Shaped the Iranian Shia Clerics by Fazle Chowdhury - 2018
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Science diplomacy and transboundary water management -the Orontes River case by Ballabio, R. - 2015
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Marcus Simaika - Father of Coptic Archaeology by Samir Simaika, Nevine Henein - 2017
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Between Constantinople, the Papacy, and the Caliphate -The Melkite Church in the Islamicate World, 634-969 by Krzysztof Kościelniak - 2022
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Egypt After the Pharaohs, 332 BC-AD 642 - From Alexander to the Arab Conquest by Alan K. Bowman - 1996
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History of the Coptic Orthodox People and the Church of Egypt by Robert Morgan - 2016
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The Cambridge Medieval History Series volumes 1-5 by J.B. Bury
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Byzantium in the Seventh Century: 634-641 by Andreas Nikolaou Stratos - 1972