Barrel vault – An architecture tunnel vault or
barrel vault is a
semicircular arch extended in depth: a continuous series of arches, one behind the other. The simplest form of an architecture vault, consisting of a continuous surface of semicircular or pointed sections. It resembles a barrel or tunnel which has been cut in half lengthwise and is known as tunnel vault or wagon vault. A longitudinal barrel vault is a barrel (or tunnel) vault which follows the main longitudinal direction of the nave. Usually when a vault is referred to simply as a barrel (or tunnel) vault, it may be assumed to be a longitudinal barrel vault.
Catalan vault – The Catalan vault, also called the Catalan turn or Catalan arch, is a type of low arch made of plain bricks. It is traditionally constructed by laying bricks lengthwise, making it a much gentler curve than has generally been produced by other methods of construction.
Catenary arch - A vault may take the shape of an inverted catenary.
Cloister vault – A dome-like vault having a square or polygonal base from which curved segments rise to a central point.
Corbel vault – A concave formation of blocks, usually stone or masonry; the vault is formed by blocks as they project inward from the layer on which they rest.
Cycloidal vault – A vault in which the diameter across the springline is equal to the circumference of a circle fitting inside the space between the apex of the vault and the diameter line. This particular proportion system creates very little lateral thrust from the vault structure.
Diamond vault – A diamond vault is a form of vault used in the
Late Gothic and
Renaissance style, which is based on an elaborate system of cavernous vaults in a manner resembling diamonds. It was widely used especially in
Central European countries.
Groin vault – An architecture groin vault is formed when two
barrel vaults intersect. The undersurface, or
soffit, may be generated from a series of pointed, rather than round, arches. Also known as a cross vault. An architecture vault produced by the intersection at right angles of two barrel (tunnel) vaults. Sometimes the arches of groin vaults may be pointed instead of round.
Lierne – A Lierne (from the French lier – to bind) in Gothic rib-vaulting is an architectural term for a tertiary rib spanning between two other ribs, instead of from a springer, or to the central boss. It is named after the star shape generated by connecting liernes. Also see
Stellar vault.
Muqarnas vault – Muqarnas is the Arabic word for stalactite vault, an architectural ornament developed around the middle of the tenth century in north-eastern
Iran and almost simultaneously, but apparently independently, in central
North Africa. A muqarnas is a three-dimensional architectural decoration composed of niche-like elements arranged in tiers. The two-dimensional projection of a muqarnas vault consists of a small variety of simple geometrical elements.
Net vault – A vault on which a complex of ribs gives a net-like appearance.
Nubian vault – A contour that obtained when a chain is held up at its two ends.
Ogee vault – Ogee is a shape consisting of a concave arc flowing into a convex arc, so forming an S-shaped curve with vertical ends.
Ploughshare vault – A
Rib vault where the wall ribs spring from a higher position than those of the diagonal ribs.
Quadripartite vault – A
Rib vault where the bay is divided by diagonal and transverse ribs into four cells or webs.
Rampant vault – A
Barrel vault where one springing in point is higher than the opposite springing point.
Rear vault – A of the internal hood of a doorway or window to which a splay has been given on the reveal, sometimes the vaulting surface is terminated by a small rib known as the scoinson rib, and a further development is given by angle shafts carrying this rib, known as scoinson shafts.
Rib vault – A rib vault is any vault reinforced by masonry ribs. Also known as a ribbed vault. A rib vault may be a quadripartite rib vault (which is divided into four sections by two diagonal ribs) and a
sexpartite rib vault (a rib vault whose surface is divided into six sections by three ribs).
Surbased vault – A vault with a cross section less than a semicircle, i.e. a segment.
Surmounted vault – A vault with a cross section greater than a semicircle.
Timbrel vault – from
Guastavino tile. U.S.-patented (1885) system using interlocking
terracottatiles and layers of
mortar in a thin skin, with the tiles following the curve of the roof as opposed to horizontal (
corbelling), or perpendicular to the curve (Roman). This is known as timbrel vaulting because of supposed likeness to the skin of a
timbrel or
tambourine.
Tierceron vault – A vault consisting of unnecessary ribs all transverse in nature, often confused with a
Fan vault from a conceived imagery standpoint, often intersecting a ridge rib.
Tripartite vault – The resulting intersection, triangular on plan, of 3 vaults.
Barrel vault – An architecture tunnel vault or
barrel vault is a
semicircular arch extended in depth: a continuous series of arches, one behind the other. The simplest form of an architecture vault, consisting of a continuous surface of semicircular or pointed sections. It resembles a barrel or tunnel which has been cut in half lengthwise and is known as tunnel vault or wagon vault. A longitudinal barrel vault is a barrel (or tunnel) vault which follows the main longitudinal direction of the nave. Usually when a vault is referred to simply as a barrel (or tunnel) vault, it may be assumed to be a longitudinal barrel vault.
Catalan vault – The Catalan vault, also called the Catalan turn or Catalan arch, is a type of low arch made of plain bricks. It is traditionally constructed by laying bricks lengthwise, making it a much gentler curve than has generally been produced by other methods of construction.
Catenary arch - A vault may take the shape of an inverted catenary.
Cloister vault – A dome-like vault having a square or polygonal base from which curved segments rise to a central point.
Corbel vault – A concave formation of blocks, usually stone or masonry; the vault is formed by blocks as they project inward from the layer on which they rest.
Cycloidal vault – A vault in which the diameter across the springline is equal to the circumference of a circle fitting inside the space between the apex of the vault and the diameter line. This particular proportion system creates very little lateral thrust from the vault structure.
Diamond vault – A diamond vault is a form of vault used in the
Late Gothic and
Renaissance style, which is based on an elaborate system of cavernous vaults in a manner resembling diamonds. It was widely used especially in
Central European countries.
Groin vault – An architecture groin vault is formed when two
barrel vaults intersect. The undersurface, or
soffit, may be generated from a series of pointed, rather than round, arches. Also known as a cross vault. An architecture vault produced by the intersection at right angles of two barrel (tunnel) vaults. Sometimes the arches of groin vaults may be pointed instead of round.
Lierne – A Lierne (from the French lier – to bind) in Gothic rib-vaulting is an architectural term for a tertiary rib spanning between two other ribs, instead of from a springer, or to the central boss. It is named after the star shape generated by connecting liernes. Also see
Stellar vault.
Muqarnas vault – Muqarnas is the Arabic word for stalactite vault, an architectural ornament developed around the middle of the tenth century in north-eastern
Iran and almost simultaneously, but apparently independently, in central
North Africa. A muqarnas is a three-dimensional architectural decoration composed of niche-like elements arranged in tiers. The two-dimensional projection of a muqarnas vault consists of a small variety of simple geometrical elements.
Net vault – A vault on which a complex of ribs gives a net-like appearance.
Nubian vault – A contour that obtained when a chain is held up at its two ends.
Ogee vault – Ogee is a shape consisting of a concave arc flowing into a convex arc, so forming an S-shaped curve with vertical ends.
Ploughshare vault – A
Rib vault where the wall ribs spring from a higher position than those of the diagonal ribs.
Quadripartite vault – A
Rib vault where the bay is divided by diagonal and transverse ribs into four cells or webs.
Rampant vault – A
Barrel vault where one springing in point is higher than the opposite springing point.
Rear vault – A of the internal hood of a doorway or window to which a splay has been given on the reveal, sometimes the vaulting surface is terminated by a small rib known as the scoinson rib, and a further development is given by angle shafts carrying this rib, known as scoinson shafts.
Rib vault – A rib vault is any vault reinforced by masonry ribs. Also known as a ribbed vault. A rib vault may be a quadripartite rib vault (which is divided into four sections by two diagonal ribs) and a
sexpartite rib vault (a rib vault whose surface is divided into six sections by three ribs).
Surbased vault – A vault with a cross section less than a semicircle, i.e. a segment.
Surmounted vault – A vault with a cross section greater than a semicircle.
Timbrel vault – from
Guastavino tile. U.S.-patented (1885) system using interlocking
terracottatiles and layers of
mortar in a thin skin, with the tiles following the curve of the roof as opposed to horizontal (
corbelling), or perpendicular to the curve (Roman). This is known as timbrel vaulting because of supposed likeness to the skin of a
timbrel or
tambourine.
Tierceron vault – A vault consisting of unnecessary ribs all transverse in nature, often confused with a
Fan vault from a conceived imagery standpoint, often intersecting a ridge rib.
Tripartite vault – The resulting intersection, triangular on plan, of 3 vaults.