Fighter aces in
World War II had tremendously varying kill scores, affected as they were by many factors: the
pilot's skill level, the performance of the
airplane the pilot flew and the planes they flew against, how long they served, their opportunity to meet the enemy in the air (Allied to Axis disproportion), whether they were the formation's leader or a wingman, the standards their air service brought to the awarding of victory credits, et cetera.
This background, along with the symbol "†", indicates that the pilot was
killed in action,
missing in action, died of wounds, or was killed in a flying accident during World War II.
Mathews, Andrew Johannes; Foreman, John (2015). Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims — Volume 4 S–Z. Walton on Thames: Red Kite.
ISBN978-1-906592-21-9.
Obermaier, Ernst (1989). Die Ritterkreuzträger der Luftwaffe Jagdflieger 1939 – 1945 [The Knight's Cross Bearers of the Luftwaffe Fighter Force 1939 – 1945] (in German). Mainz, Germany: Verlag Dieter Hoffmann.
ISBN978-3-87341-065-7.
Simonov, Andrey; Bodrikhin, Nikolai (2017). Боевые лётчики — дважды и трижды Герои Советского Союза. Moscow: Фонд «Русские Витязи», Музей техники Вадима Задорожного.
ISBN978-5-9909605-1-0.
OCLC1005741956.
Toliver, Raymond F.;
Constable, Trevor J. (1998) [1977]. Die Deutschen Jagdflieger-Asse 1939–1945 [The German Fighter Pilot Aces 1939–1945] (in German). Stuttgart, Germany: Motorbuch Verlag.
ISBN3-87943-193-0.
Fighter aces in
World War II had tremendously varying kill scores, affected as they were by many factors: the
pilot's skill level, the performance of the
airplane the pilot flew and the planes they flew against, how long they served, their opportunity to meet the enemy in the air (Allied to Axis disproportion), whether they were the formation's leader or a wingman, the standards their air service brought to the awarding of victory credits, et cetera.
This background, along with the symbol "†", indicates that the pilot was
killed in action,
missing in action, died of wounds, or was killed in a flying accident during World War II.
Mathews, Andrew Johannes; Foreman, John (2015). Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims — Volume 4 S–Z. Walton on Thames: Red Kite.
ISBN978-1-906592-21-9.
Obermaier, Ernst (1989). Die Ritterkreuzträger der Luftwaffe Jagdflieger 1939 – 1945 [The Knight's Cross Bearers of the Luftwaffe Fighter Force 1939 – 1945] (in German). Mainz, Germany: Verlag Dieter Hoffmann.
ISBN978-3-87341-065-7.
Simonov, Andrey; Bodrikhin, Nikolai (2017). Боевые лётчики — дважды и трижды Герои Советского Союза. Moscow: Фонд «Русские Витязи», Музей техники Вадима Задорожного.
ISBN978-5-9909605-1-0.
OCLC1005741956.
Toliver, Raymond F.;
Constable, Trevor J. (1998) [1977]. Die Deutschen Jagdflieger-Asse 1939–1945 [The German Fighter Pilot Aces 1939–1945] (in German). Stuttgart, Germany: Motorbuch Verlag.
ISBN3-87943-193-0.