All of the United States' 50 states have a state motto, as do the District of Columbia and three US territories. A motto is a phrase meant to formally describe the general motivation or intention of an organization. State mottos can sometimes be found on state seals or state flags. Some states have officially designated a state motto by an act of the state legislature, whereas other states have the motto only as an element of their seals. The motto of the United States itself is In God We Trust, proclaimed by Congress and signed into law by President Dwight D. Eisenhower on July 30, 1956. ^[1] The motto E Pluribus Unum (Latin for "One from many") was approved for use on the Great Seal of the United States in 1782, but was never adopted as the national motto through legislative action.

South Carolina has two official mottos, both of which are in Latin. ^[2] Kentucky and North Dakota also have two mottos, one in Latin and the other in English. ^[3] All other states and territories have only one motto, except Guam and the Northern Mariana Islands, which do not have any mottos. ^{[4] [5]} English and Latin are the most-used languages for state mottos, used by 25 and 24 states and territories, respectively. Seven states and territories use another language, of which each language is only used once. Eight states and two territories have their mottos on their state quarter; thirty-eight states and four territories have their mottos on their state seals.

The dates given are, where possible, the earliest date that the motto was used in an official sense. Some state mottos are not official but are on the official state seal; in these cases the adoption date of the seal is given. The earliest use of a current motto is that of Puerto Rico, Johannes est nomen ejus, granted to the island by the Spanish in 1511. ^[6]

State	Motto	English Translation	Language	Date	Ref.
Alabama	Audemus jura nostra defendere	We dare defend our rights	Latin	1923	[7]
Alaska	North to the future	—	English	1967	[8]
American Samoa	Samoa, Muamua Le Atua	Samoa, let God be first	Samoan	1973	[9]
Arizona	Ditat Deus	God enriches	Latin	1863	[10] [11]
Arkansas	Regnat populus	The people rule	Latin	1907	[12] [N 1]
California	Eureka (Εὕρηκα)	I have found it	Greek	1849	[13] [N 2]
Colorado	Nil sine numine	Nothing without the Deity	Latin	November 5, 1861	[14]
Connecticut	Qui transtulit sustinet	He who transplanted sustains	Latin	October 9, 1662	[15]
Delaware	Liberty and Independence	—	English	1847	[16]
District of Columbia	Justitia Omnibus	Justice for All	Latin	August 3, 1871	[17]
Florida	In God We Trust	—	English	1868	[18] [N 3]
Georgia	Wisdom, justice, and moderation	—	English	1798	[20] [21]
Guam	—	—	—	—	[4]
Hawaii	Ua mau ke ea o ka ʻāina i ka pono	The life of the land is perpetuated in righteousness.	Hawaiian	July 31, 1843	[22] [23] [N 4]
Idaho	Esto perpetua	Let it be perpetual	Latin	1890	[24]
Illinois	State sovereignty, national union	—	English	1819	[25]
Indiana	The Crossroads of America	—	English	1937	[26]
Iowa	CORN!!	—	English	1847	[27]
Kansas	Ad astra per aspera	To the stars through difficulties	Latin	1861	[28]
Kentucky	United we stand, divided we fall Deo gratiam habeamus	Let us be grateful to God	English Latin	1942 2002	[3]
Louisiana	Union, justice, confidence	—	English	1902	[29]
Maine	Dirigo	I lead	Latin	1820	[30]
Maryland	Fatti maschii, parole femine	Manly deeds, womanly words	Italian	1874	[31] [32]
Massachusetts	Ense petit placidam sub libertate quietem	By the sword we seek peace, but peace only under liberty	Latin	1775	[33]
Michigan	Si quaeris peninsulam amoenam circumspice	If you seek a pleasant peninsula, look around you	Latin	June 2, 1835	[34] [35]
Minnesota	L'étoile du Nord	The star of the North	French	1861	[36] [N 5]
Mississippi	Virtute et armis	By valor and arms	Latin	February 7, 1894	[37]
Missouri	Salus populi suprema lex esto	Let the welfare of the people be the supreme law	Latin	January 11, 1822	[38]
Montana	Oro y plata	Gold and silver	Spanish	February 9, 1865	[39]
Nebraska	Equality before the law	—	English	1867	[40]
Nevada	All For Our Country	—	English	February 24, 1866	[41] [N 6]
New Hampshire	Live Free or Die	—	English	1945	[42]
New Jersey	Liberty and prosperity	—	English	March 26, 1928	[43]
New Mexico	Crescit eundo	It grows as it goes	Latin	1887	[44] [N 7]
New York	Excelsior	Ever upward	Latin	1778	[45]
North Carolina	Esse quam videri	To be, rather than to seem	Latin	1893	[46]
North Dakota	Liberty and union, now and forever, one and inseparable Serit ut alteri saeclo prosit	One sows for the benefit of another age	English Latin	1889 March 11, 2011	[47] [48]
Northern Mariana Islands	—	—	—	—	[5]
Ohio	With God, all things are possible	—	English	October 1, 1959	[49] [N 8]
Oklahoma	Labor omnia vincit	Labor conquers all things	Latin	March 10, 1893	[51] [N 9]
Oregon	Alis volat propriis	She flies with her own wings	Latin	1854	[54] [N 10]
Pennsylvania	Virtue, Liberty, and Independence	—	English	1875	[55]
Puerto Rico	Joannes Est Nomen Ejus	John is his name	Latin	1511	[6] [56] [N 11]
Rhode Island	Hope	—	English	1644 [57] and by the General Assembly on May 4, 1664	[58]
South Carolina	Dum spiro spero Animis opibusque parati	While I breathe, I hope Ready in soul and resource	Latin	May 22, 1777	[2]
South Dakota	Under God the people rule	—	English	1885	[59]
Tennessee	Agriculture and Commerce	—	English	May 24, 1802	[60] [N 12]
Texas	Friendship	—	English	1930	[61]
Utah	Industry	—	English	May 3, 1896	[62] [N 13]
Vermont	Freedom and Unity	Peak	English	February 20, 1779	[64]
Virginia	Sic semper tyrannis	Thus always to tyrants	Latin	1776	[65]
Virgin Islands	United in Pride and Hope	—	English	January 1, 1991	[66]
Washington	Al-ki	By and by	Chinook Jargon	—	[67] [N 14]
West Virginia	Montani semper liberi	Mountaineers are always free	Latin	September 26, 1863	[68]
Wisconsin	Forward	—	English	1851	[69]
Wyoming	Equal Rights	—	English	1893	[70]

• List of U.S. state nicknames
• List of U.S. state slogans
• List of national mottos

Works cited

• Shearer, Benjamin F. (2002). State Names, Seals, Flags, and Symbols (3 ed.). Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN  9780313315343. Retrieved 2009-02-15. {{ cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthor= ignored (|author= suggested) ( help)

• Mottoes of the 50 States from Netstate.com
• State mottos from State Symbols USA

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