Eli-Pincus conflict (approx 1400 BCE) – a civil war broke out between Eli son of Yafni, of the line of Ithamar, and the sons of Pincus (
Phinehas), because Eli son of Yafni resolved to usurp the High Priesthood from the descendants of Pincus.[1]
Benjamite War (1375 BCE) – Started when a
Levite from
Ephraim and his
concubine, who travel through the
Benjamite city of
Gibeah and are assailed by a mob, who wish to
gang-rape the Levite.[2] He turns his concubine over to the crowd, and they rape her until she collapses. The Levite dismembers her and presents the remains to the other
tribes of Israel. Outraged by the incident, the Israelite tribes swear that none shall give his daughter to the Benjamites (or Benjaminites) for marriage, and launch a war which nearly wipes out the clan, leaving only 600 surviving men.[3]
Hasmonean-Samaritan conflict (113–110 BCE) – Beginning in 113 BCE, Hyrcanus began an extensive military campaign against Samaria. Ultimately, Samaria was overrun and totally destroyed. The inhabitants of Samaria were then put into slavery. [11][12] After these victories, Hyrcanus went north towards
Shechem and
Mount Gerizim. The city of Shechem was reduced to a village and the Samaritan Temple on Mount Gerizim was destroyed.[11] This military action against Shechem has been dated archaeologically around 111–110 BCE.[13]
Jewish-Samaritan conflict (1st century CE) – Under the leadership of two
Zealots, Eleazar and Alexander, they invaded Samaria and began a massacre. Cumanus led most of his troops against the militants, killing many and taking others prisoner, and the Jewish leaders from Jerusalem were subsequently able to calm most of the others, but a state of
guerrilla warfare persisted.[14]
Sicarii and Zealot rebels (6–73 CE) – Sicarii were a splinter group of the
JewishZealots who used violence against Jews and Romans in the Roman province of Judea. Much of what is known about the Sicarii comes from the Antiquities of the Jews and The Jewish War by
Josephus, who wrote that the Sicarii agreed to release the kidnapped secretary of Eleazar, governor of the Temple precincts, in exchange for the release of ten captured
assassins.[15][16] The Sicarii were involved in the murder of
High PriestJonathan and also committed a series of atrocities in an attempt to incite the population into war against Rome. In one account, given in the
Talmud, they destroyed the city's food supply, using starvation to force the people to fight against the Roman siege, instead of negotiating peace. Josephus also wrote that the Sicarii raided nearby Hebrew villages including
Ein Gedi, where they massacred 700 women and children.[17][18][19]
^
abBerlin, Adele (2011). The Oxford Dictionary of the Jewish Religion. Oxford University Press. p. 330.
ISBN9780199730049. John Hyrcanus I, who embarked upon further territorial conquests, forcing the non-Jewish populations of the conquered regions to adopt the Jewish way of life and destroying the Samaritan temple on Mount Gerizim..
^Buckley, Jorunn Jacobsen(2010). Turning the Tables on Jesus: The Mandaean View. In Horsley, Richard (March 2010).
Christian Origins. Fortress Press.
ISBN9781451416640.(pp94-11). Minneapolis: Fortress Press
Eli-Pincus conflict (approx 1400 BCE) – a civil war broke out between Eli son of Yafni, of the line of Ithamar, and the sons of Pincus (
Phinehas), because Eli son of Yafni resolved to usurp the High Priesthood from the descendants of Pincus.[1]
Benjamite War (1375 BCE) – Started when a
Levite from
Ephraim and his
concubine, who travel through the
Benjamite city of
Gibeah and are assailed by a mob, who wish to
gang-rape the Levite.[2] He turns his concubine over to the crowd, and they rape her until she collapses. The Levite dismembers her and presents the remains to the other
tribes of Israel. Outraged by the incident, the Israelite tribes swear that none shall give his daughter to the Benjamites (or Benjaminites) for marriage, and launch a war which nearly wipes out the clan, leaving only 600 surviving men.[3]
Hasmonean-Samaritan conflict (113–110 BCE) – Beginning in 113 BCE, Hyrcanus began an extensive military campaign against Samaria. Ultimately, Samaria was overrun and totally destroyed. The inhabitants of Samaria were then put into slavery. [11][12] After these victories, Hyrcanus went north towards
Shechem and
Mount Gerizim. The city of Shechem was reduced to a village and the Samaritan Temple on Mount Gerizim was destroyed.[11] This military action against Shechem has been dated archaeologically around 111–110 BCE.[13]
Jewish-Samaritan conflict (1st century CE) – Under the leadership of two
Zealots, Eleazar and Alexander, they invaded Samaria and began a massacre. Cumanus led most of his troops against the militants, killing many and taking others prisoner, and the Jewish leaders from Jerusalem were subsequently able to calm most of the others, but a state of
guerrilla warfare persisted.[14]
Sicarii and Zealot rebels (6–73 CE) – Sicarii were a splinter group of the
JewishZealots who used violence against Jews and Romans in the Roman province of Judea. Much of what is known about the Sicarii comes from the Antiquities of the Jews and The Jewish War by
Josephus, who wrote that the Sicarii agreed to release the kidnapped secretary of Eleazar, governor of the Temple precincts, in exchange for the release of ten captured
assassins.[15][16] The Sicarii were involved in the murder of
High PriestJonathan and also committed a series of atrocities in an attempt to incite the population into war against Rome. In one account, given in the
Talmud, they destroyed the city's food supply, using starvation to force the people to fight against the Roman siege, instead of negotiating peace. Josephus also wrote that the Sicarii raided nearby Hebrew villages including
Ein Gedi, where they massacred 700 women and children.[17][18][19]
^
abBerlin, Adele (2011). The Oxford Dictionary of the Jewish Religion. Oxford University Press. p. 330.
ISBN9780199730049. John Hyrcanus I, who embarked upon further territorial conquests, forcing the non-Jewish populations of the conquered regions to adopt the Jewish way of life and destroying the Samaritan temple on Mount Gerizim..
^Buckley, Jorunn Jacobsen(2010). Turning the Tables on Jesus: The Mandaean View. In Horsley, Richard (March 2010).
Christian Origins. Fortress Press.
ISBN9781451416640.(pp94-11). Minneapolis: Fortress Press