| Laser | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Apiales |
| Family: | Apiaceae |
| Subfamily: | Apioideae |
| Tribe: | Scandiceae |
| Subtribe: | Daucinae |
| Genus: |
Laser Borkh. ex P.Gaertn., B.Mey. & Scherb. [1] |
| Species | |
| Synonyms [2] | |
| |
Laser ( Latin: Láser trílobum) is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the Umbelliferae family ( Apiaceae). The only species is Laser trílobum, [3] an herbaceous plant, a Pliocene relict. [4]
Botanical description
Perennial herbaceous plant, 30-120 cm high. Its stem is glabrous, branched, erect, with a blue plaque, covered with fibrous remains of dead leaves. Its leaves are two to four times triangular, also covered with gray scale. Upper leaves with a swollen sheath, lower leaves on long stalks, also with a swollen sheath. First order segments also on petioles; terminal segments up to 10 cm long and about 8 cm wide, three-lobed, rounded in outline, with a coarsely veined margin. Stomas are anomacitic and diacitic. [5] [6] [7]
The inflorescence is a complex hemispherical umbel with 15-20 rays. It is 10-25 cm in diameter. The pedicels are 3-12 mm long. It has no carpels. The flowers are small, actinomorphic. Sepals are also small, lanceolate, quickly absent. Petals white, reddish, broadly lanceolate. Sepals are cone-shaped, shorter than the style. Style is bent, and 1-1.5 mm long. It blooms in June-July and gives fruits in July-August.
The fruit is 6-8 mm long and 3-5 mm wide, glabrous, smooth, oblong elliptic. [5] [6] [7]
The chromosome number is 2n=22. [7]
It is described from the Gorgany mountain range ( Western Ukraine). Its type specimen is kept in London. [8]
Ecology and spread
Laser grows in forests, edges, clearings, on limestone outcrops, on marl. It is usually found as a solitary plant or in small populations. [6]
It is widespread in Eastern Europe, the Mediterranean and Anatolia. In Russia, it is widespread in the Caucasus, the Urals and the Central Black Earth Region. [5]
Conservation status
Included in the Red Data Lists of Rostov region, Bashkortostan Republic, Kirov region, Mari El Republic, Penza region, Perm Krai, Samara region and Voronezh region. Earlier it was included in the Red Data List of Udmurtia. [9] Also by the decision of the Lugansk regional council № 32/21 of December 3, 2009 the species is included in the "List of regionally rare plants of Lugansk region". [10] [11]
It is cultivated in the botanical garden of the Perm State University. [5] There is also experience of cultivation in the Botanical Garden of Voronezh State University. [6]
Taxonomy
Laser trilobum was first described by Carl Linnaeus in 1753 in his " Species plantarum", which laid the foundation for modern botanical nomenclature. Linnaeus placed it in the genus Laserpitium (Gladyschus) and appropriately named it Laserpitium trilobum. In 1795, the German botanist Moritz Balthasar Borkhausen separated it into the monotypic genus Laser, but did not provide a description. In 1799 the new genus was actually described in the book by G. Gaertner, B. Meyer and J. Scherbius. For a long time the genus included about 3 species, but nowadays it is again recognized as monotypic.
Synonyms
According to The Plant List, this species has the following synonyms:
- Angelica aquilegifolia ( Jacq.) Lam., nom. illeg.
- Angelica triloba (L.) Desf. ex Steud., nom. inval.
- Laser aquilegifolium (Jacq.) Röhl. ex Steud., nom. inval.
- Laserpitium aquilegifolium Jacq., nom. illeg.
- Laserpitium carniolicum Bernh. ex Steud., nom. inval.
- Laserpitium trilobum L. basionym
- Siler aquilegifolium ( Jacq.) Gaertn., nom. illeg.
- Siler trilobum ( L.) Crantz
Gallery
Species
As of November 2022 [update], Plants of the World Online accepted the following species:
- Laser affine (Ledeb.) Wojew. & Spalik
- Laser archangelica (Wulfen) Spalik & Wojew.
- Laser carduchorum (Hedge & Lamond) Wojew. & Spalik
- Laser involucratum (Pall. ex Schult.) Spalik & Wojew.
- Laser panjutinii (Manden. & Schischk.) Banasiak, Wojew. & Spalik
- Laser stevenii (Fisch. & Trautv.) Wojew. & Spalik
- Laser trilobum (L.) Borkh.
References
- ^ "Laser Borkh. ex P.Gaertn., B.Mey. & Scherb.", The International Plant Names Index, retrieved 2022-12-07
- ^ "Laser Borkh. ex P.Gaertn., B.Mey. & Scherb.", Plants of the World Online, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, retrieved 2022-12-07
- ^ Новиков В. С., Губанов И. А. Лазурник трёхлопастный // Популярный атлас-определитель. Дикорастущие растения. — 5-е изд., стереотип. — М. : Дрофа, 2008. — P. 292. — 415 p. — (Популярный атлас-определитель). — 5000 экз. — ISBN 978-5-358-05146-1.
- ^ Описание лазурника трехлопастного в Красной книге Самарской области. ООПТ России. Дата обращения: 1 July 2014. Archive: 14 July 2014.
- ^ a b c d Описание лазурника трехлопастного в Красной книге Пермского края. ООПТ России. Дата обращения: 1 July 2014. Archive: 14 July 2014.
- ^ a b c d Описание лазурника трехлопастного в Красной книге Воронежской области. ООПТ России. Дата обращения: 3 July 2014. Archive: 14 July 2014.
- ^ a b c Пименов М.Г., Остроумова Т.А. Зонтичные (Umbelliferae) России. — М.: Товарищество научных изданий КМК, 2012. — 115 p. — ISBN 5873178135.
- ^ Б. К. Шишкин. Род 1061. Лазурник — Laser Borkh. // Флора СССР. — V. 17.
- ^ Лазурник трехлопастной. ООПТ России. Дата обращения: 1 July 2014. Archive: 14 July 2014.
- ^ Д. б. н., проф. Т. Л. Андриенко, к. б. н. М. Г. Перегрим. Официальные перечни регионально редких растений административных территорий Украины (справочное издание). — Киев: Альтерпрес, 2012. — P. 148. — ISBN 978-966-542-512-0. Archive: 29 October 2013.
- ^ Решение Луганского областного совета № 32/21 от 03.12.2009 г. «Об утверждении Перечня видов растений, занесенных в Красную книгу Украины, которые подлежат особой охране на территории Луганской области». Оф. сайт Луганского облсовета. Дата обращения: 27 October 2013. Archive: 29 October 2013.
Bibliography
- Новиков В. С., Губанов И. А. Лазурник трёхлопастный // Популярный атлас-определитель. Дикорастущие растения. — 5 edition., стереотип. — М. : Дрофа, 2008. — P. 292. — 415 p. — (Популярный атлас-определитель). — 5000 экз. — ISBN 978-5-358-05146-1
External links
- Láser trílobum: Information about the taxon in the Plantarium project (plant identifier and illustrated species atlas).
 | This Apiaceae article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
| Laser | |
|---|---|
|
| |
|
Scientific classification
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Apiales |
| Family: | Apiaceae |
| Subfamily: | Apioideae |
| Tribe: | Scandiceae |
| Subtribe: | Daucinae |
| Genus: |
Laser Borkh. ex P.Gaertn., B.Mey. & Scherb. [1] |
| Species | |
| Synonyms [2] | |
| |
Laser ( Latin: Láser trílobum) is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the Umbelliferae family ( Apiaceae). The only species is Laser trílobum, [3] an herbaceous plant, a Pliocene relict. [4]
Botanical description
Perennial herbaceous plant, 30-120 cm high. Its stem is glabrous, branched, erect, with a blue plaque, covered with fibrous remains of dead leaves. Its leaves are two to four times triangular, also covered with gray scale. Upper leaves with a swollen sheath, lower leaves on long stalks, also with a swollen sheath. First order segments also on petioles; terminal segments up to 10 cm long and about 8 cm wide, three-lobed, rounded in outline, with a coarsely veined margin. Stomas are anomacitic and diacitic. [5] [6] [7]
The inflorescence is a complex hemispherical umbel with 15-20 rays. It is 10-25 cm in diameter. The pedicels are 3-12 mm long. It has no carpels. The flowers are small, actinomorphic. Sepals are also small, lanceolate, quickly absent. Petals white, reddish, broadly lanceolate. Sepals are cone-shaped, shorter than the style. Style is bent, and 1-1.5 mm long. It blooms in June-July and gives fruits in July-August.
The fruit is 6-8 mm long and 3-5 mm wide, glabrous, smooth, oblong elliptic. [5] [6] [7]
The chromosome number is 2n=22. [7]
It is described from the Gorgany mountain range ( Western Ukraine). Its type specimen is kept in London. [8]
Ecology and spread
Laser grows in forests, edges, clearings, on limestone outcrops, on marl. It is usually found as a solitary plant or in small populations. [6]
It is widespread in Eastern Europe, the Mediterranean and Anatolia. In Russia, it is widespread in the Caucasus, the Urals and the Central Black Earth Region. [5]
Conservation status
Included in the Red Data Lists of Rostov region, Bashkortostan Republic, Kirov region, Mari El Republic, Penza region, Perm Krai, Samara region and Voronezh region. Earlier it was included in the Red Data List of Udmurtia. [9] Also by the decision of the Lugansk regional council № 32/21 of December 3, 2009 the species is included in the "List of regionally rare plants of Lugansk region". [10] [11]
It is cultivated in the botanical garden of the Perm State University. [5] There is also experience of cultivation in the Botanical Garden of Voronezh State University. [6]
Taxonomy
Laser trilobum was first described by Carl Linnaeus in 1753 in his " Species plantarum", which laid the foundation for modern botanical nomenclature. Linnaeus placed it in the genus Laserpitium (Gladyschus) and appropriately named it Laserpitium trilobum. In 1795, the German botanist Moritz Balthasar Borkhausen separated it into the monotypic genus Laser, but did not provide a description. In 1799 the new genus was actually described in the book by G. Gaertner, B. Meyer and J. Scherbius. For a long time the genus included about 3 species, but nowadays it is again recognized as monotypic.
Synonyms
According to The Plant List, this species has the following synonyms:
- Angelica aquilegifolia ( Jacq.) Lam., nom. illeg.
- Angelica triloba (L.) Desf. ex Steud., nom. inval.
- Laser aquilegifolium (Jacq.) Röhl. ex Steud., nom. inval.
- Laserpitium aquilegifolium Jacq., nom. illeg.
- Laserpitium carniolicum Bernh. ex Steud., nom. inval.
- Laserpitium trilobum L. basionym
- Siler aquilegifolium ( Jacq.) Gaertn., nom. illeg.
- Siler trilobum ( L.) Crantz
Gallery
Species
As of November 2022 [update], Plants of the World Online accepted the following species:
- Laser affine (Ledeb.) Wojew. & Spalik
- Laser archangelica (Wulfen) Spalik & Wojew.
- Laser carduchorum (Hedge & Lamond) Wojew. & Spalik
- Laser involucratum (Pall. ex Schult.) Spalik & Wojew.
- Laser panjutinii (Manden. & Schischk.) Banasiak, Wojew. & Spalik
- Laser stevenii (Fisch. & Trautv.) Wojew. & Spalik
- Laser trilobum (L.) Borkh.
References
- ^ "Laser Borkh. ex P.Gaertn., B.Mey. & Scherb.", The International Plant Names Index, retrieved 2022-12-07
- ^ "Laser Borkh. ex P.Gaertn., B.Mey. & Scherb.", Plants of the World Online, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, retrieved 2022-12-07
- ^ Новиков В. С., Губанов И. А. Лазурник трёхлопастный // Популярный атлас-определитель. Дикорастущие растения. — 5-е изд., стереотип. — М. : Дрофа, 2008. — P. 292. — 415 p. — (Популярный атлас-определитель). — 5000 экз. — ISBN 978-5-358-05146-1.
- ^ Описание лазурника трехлопастного в Красной книге Самарской области. ООПТ России. Дата обращения: 1 July 2014. Archive: 14 July 2014.
- ^ a b c d Описание лазурника трехлопастного в Красной книге Пермского края. ООПТ России. Дата обращения: 1 July 2014. Archive: 14 July 2014.
- ^ a b c d Описание лазурника трехлопастного в Красной книге Воронежской области. ООПТ России. Дата обращения: 3 July 2014. Archive: 14 July 2014.
- ^ a b c Пименов М.Г., Остроумова Т.А. Зонтичные (Umbelliferae) России. — М.: Товарищество научных изданий КМК, 2012. — 115 p. — ISBN 5873178135.
- ^ Б. К. Шишкин. Род 1061. Лазурник — Laser Borkh. // Флора СССР. — V. 17.
- ^ Лазурник трехлопастной. ООПТ России. Дата обращения: 1 July 2014. Archive: 14 July 2014.
- ^ Д. б. н., проф. Т. Л. Андриенко, к. б. н. М. Г. Перегрим. Официальные перечни регионально редких растений административных территорий Украины (справочное издание). — Киев: Альтерпрес, 2012. — P. 148. — ISBN 978-966-542-512-0. Archive: 29 October 2013.
- ^ Решение Луганского областного совета № 32/21 от 03.12.2009 г. «Об утверждении Перечня видов растений, занесенных в Красную книгу Украины, которые подлежат особой охране на территории Луганской области». Оф. сайт Луганского облсовета. Дата обращения: 27 October 2013. Archive: 29 October 2013.
Bibliography
- Новиков В. С., Губанов И. А. Лазурник трёхлопастный // Популярный атлас-определитель. Дикорастущие растения. — 5 edition., стереотип. — М. : Дрофа, 2008. — P. 292. — 415 p. — (Популярный атлас-определитель). — 5000 экз. — ISBN 978-5-358-05146-1
External links
- Láser trílobum: Information about the taxon in the Plantarium project (plant identifier and illustrated species atlas).
|
| This Apiaceae article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |