Gazivoda Lake
Ujman Lake
Gazivoda Lake
Gazivoda Lake Show map of Kosovo Gazivoda Lake Show map of Europe
Location	Kosovo, Serbia
Coordinates	42°57′42″N 20°34′1″E / 42.96167°N 20.56694°E / 42.96167; 20.56694
Primary inflows	Ibar River
Basin countries	Serbia
Max. length	16.5 km (10.3 mi)
Max. width	1.10 km (0.68 mi)
Surface area	11.9 km2 (4.6 sq mi)
Average depth	105 m (344 ft)
Surface elevation	694 m (2,277 ft)

Gazivoda Lake ( Serbian: Језеро Газиводе) or Ujman Lake ( Albanian: Liqeni i Ujmanit), is an artificial lake in Kosovo and Serbia. ^[1] Gazivoda Lake has an area of 12 km² (4.6 sq mi) of which 9.2 km² (3.6 sq mi) reside in North of Kosovo and 2.7 km² (1.0 sq mi) in Serbia. The lake is formed by the damming of the Ibar River, which flows into the lake.

History

As a project, the damming of the Ibar for the creation of a reservoir and thus the generation of hydroelectricity existed since the 1960s to cover for the energy needs of the population and the economy of Socialist Autonomous Province of Kosovo which were expanding at the time. Gazivoda was created between 1973 and 1978. Some sources claim that up to 1000 ^[2] or 230 people that lived in area were relocated. ^[3] The project was undertaken by Energoprojekt, the state company of Yugoslavia for the development of hydropower. The main contractor was Belgrade-based company "Hidrotehnika". ^{[4] [5]}

The construction of Gazivoda cost $90 million. Half of it was financed by the fund for infrastructure development of Yugoslavia, a fund which was paid for by taxation in all federal republics and autonomous regions. The other 50% was financed by loans from the World Bank. The dissolution of Yugoslavia in the 1990s and the independence of Kosovo in 2008 have resulted in a dispute between the Republic of Serbia and the Kosovo about the ownership of Gazivoda. ^{[6] [7]} Serbian sources maintain that it should be recognized as the legal owner of the project as most loan obligations were transferred to Serbia in the post-Yugoslav era. ^[8] Kosovan sources maintain that the legal entity responsible for the loans by the World Bank was the Socialist Autonomous Province of Kosovo, while Serbia as a legal entity was not involved in the financing of the project. Kosovo further asserts that indemnities to the people that were relocated both in the Autonomous Province and Kosovo and Serbia were paid solely by the institutions of Province of Kosovo. ^[9]

Archeological findings

In the area of the Ibar basin, a Roman necropolis and the medieval court of queen consort Helen of Anjou was located in Brnjak, near Zubin Potok where she founded a vocational course for poor girls that locals have called the first school for women in the Balkans. ^{[10] [11]} In the lake, tombstones, possibly medieval artifacts, Serbian Orthodox churches, and 19th-century houses have been found. Whether they are related to ancient and medieval periods remains unclear. A team of Russian archaeologists has undertaken the project of mapping archaeological findings in the lake and investigating any possible links to antiquity. ^{[10] [11]}

References

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