 |
| Lațcu | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Prince of Moldavia | |
| Reign | 1367–1375 |
| Predecessor | Petru I of Moldavia |
| Successor | Petru II of Moldavia |
| Born | unknown |
| Died | 1375 |
| Dynasty | Bogdan-Mușat? |
Lațcu was Voivode of Moldavia from c. 1367 to c. 1375. He converted to the Roman Catholic faith and attempted to strengthen his realm's autonomy by establishing a Roman Catholic diocese directly subordinated to the Holy See. However, he seems to have accepted the suzerainty of King Louis I of Hungary and Poland in his last years.
Life
Lațcu was the son of Bogdan I of Moldavia, [1] the voivode achieving Moldavia's independence of Louis I. [2] He succeeded his father around 1367. [3] Other sources mention that he deposed his nephew Petru I of Moldavia in 1368. After Louis I of Hungary inherited Poland from his uncle, Casimir III of Poland, in 1370, he could put Lațcu under pressure from both the east and the north. [4] The contemporaneous John of Küküllő said that the voivodes of Moldavia accepted the suzerainty of Louis I of Hungary, suggesting that Lațcu (or already his father) had been forced to yield to the king. [5] However, John of Küküllő did not determine the date of the submission, for which historiand Dennis Delatant says that "[t]here is nothing to suggest that ... Hungarian suzerainty was restored". [5]
In 1369 he converted to the Roman Catholic faith. [6] Lațcu sent two Franciscan friars of Polish origin to Rome in early 1370 in order to inform Pope Urban V of his decision to convert from Orthodoxy to the Roman Catholic faith. [7] He also asked the Pope to establish a Roman Catholic diocese at his seat [8] in Siret. [1] Historian Deletant says that Lațcu must have decided to convert Catholicism primarily for political reasons, because he approached the Holy See directly, without the mediation of Hungarian prelates. [1] The pope soon appointed three prelates ( Jan Očko of Vlašim, Archbishop of Prague, Przecław of Pogorzela, Bishop of Wrocław, and Florian Mokrski, Bishop of Cracow) to examine the state of affairs in the principality. [9] Their report was received by his successor, Pope Gregory XI who authorized Florian of Mokrsko to consecrate the Polish Andrzej Jastrzębiec bishop with his see in Siret in 1371. [9] [10] The new diocese was directly subordinated to the Holy See. [9] The pope bestowed on him the title "duke of the Moldavian parts or of the people of Wallachia" (dux Moldaviensis partium seu nationis Wlachie). [3] [10] Lațcu's wife, Ana, and his daughter, Anastasia, did not convert to Catholicism. [9]
Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor signed a deed in Wrocław on 14 March 1372, declaring that he acknowledged the rights of Louis I of Hungary in Hungary, Poland and other countries, including Moldavia. [11] [12] The exact reasons of Charles's act are unknown;. [12] Historian J. Sýkora theorizes that Lațcu had sought an alliance against the Hungarian monarch with Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor. [12] The Romanian historian Victor Spinei argues that Lațcu took advantage of his peaceful relations with Louis I by expanding his authority towards the Black Sea coasts in the 1370s. [13] In contrast with him, Ioan-Aurel Pop suggests that Louis I prepared an expedition against Lațcu in 1374. [14]
The exact date of his death is unknown. [15] He died either around 1374 [16] or in 1375. [3] [10] Lațcu was interred in the Orthodox monastery at Rădăuți alongside his father. [9] Little information is known of the events that directly followed his death. [9] According to the 15th-century Lithuanian-Ruthenian Chronicle,[ citation needed] the Vlachs elected a prince, George Koriatovich, voivode, according to some historians at an unspecified date. [17] Other stated that George became ruled a part of Moldavia in 1374. [18]
According to historian A. Boldur Lațcu's daughter Anastasia married to George Koriatovich and their children were Iuga Ologul and Anna, wife of Alexander I of Moldavia. This hypothesis was widely criticized as were not based on sources. [19] In fact, Anastasia married Roman I of Moldavia, and had a son together, Alexander I of Moldavia. [20]
Footnotes
- ^ a b c Deletant 1986, p. 193.
- ^ Spinei 1986, pp. 204–207.
- ^ a b c Sălăgean 2006, p. 201.
- ^ Deletant 1986, p. 192.
- ^ a b Deletant 1986, p. 191.
- ^ Ilona Czamańska: Mołdawia i Wołoszczyzna wobec Polski, Węgier i Turcji w XIV i XV wieku, Poznań 1996, p. 41.
- ^ Deletant 1986, pp. 193–194.
- ^ Spinei 1986, p. 212.
- ^ a b c d e f Deletant 1986, p. 194.
- ^ a b c Pop 2006, p. 249.
- ^ Spinei 1986, p. 211.
- ^ a b c Deletant 1986, p. 195.
- ^ Spinei 1986, p. 218.
- ^ Pop 2006, p. 250.
- ^ Deletant 1986, p. 199.
- ^ Deletant 1986, p. 197.
- ^ Deletant 1986, pp. 197–198.
- ^ Ilona Czamańska: Mołdawia i Wołoszczyzna wobec Polski, Węgier i Turcji w XIV i XV wieku, Poznań 1996, p. 49.
- ^ Ilona Czamańska: Mołdawia i Wołoszczyzna wobec Polski, Węgier i Turcji w XIV i XV wieku, Poznań 1996, p. 44.
- ^ https://ro.wikisource.org/wiki/Din_trecutul_nostru/%C3%8En_Moldova,_Alexandru_cel_Bun
References
- Deletant, Dennis (1986). "Moldavia between Hungary and Poland, 1347-1412". The Slavonic and East European Review. 64 (2): 189–211. ISSN 0037-6795.
- Pop, Ioan-Aurel (2006). "Romanians in the 14th-16th centuries: From the "Christian Republic" to the "Restoration of Dacia"". In Ioan-Aurel, Pop (ed.). History of Romania: Compendium. Romanian Cultural Institute (Center for Transylvanian Studies). pp. 209–314. ISBN 978-973-7784-12-4.
- Sălăgean, Tudor (2006). "Romanian society in the early Middle Ages". In Ioan-Aurel, Pop (ed.). History of Romania: Compendium. Romanian Cultural Institute (Center for Transylvanian Studies). pp. 133–207. ISBN 978-973-7784-12-4.
- Spinei, Victor (1986). Moldavia in the 11th–14th Centuries. Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste Româna.
Further reading
- Mihai Bărbulescu, Dennis Deletant, Keith Hitchins, Șerban Papacostea, Pompiliu Teodor, Istoria României, Ed. Corint, 2004, ISBN 973-653-514-2
|
| Lațcu | |
|---|---|
|
| |
| Prince of Moldavia | |
| Reign | 1367–1375 |
| Predecessor | Petru I of Moldavia |
| Successor | Petru II of Moldavia |
| Born | unknown |
| Died | 1375 |
| Dynasty | Bogdan-Mușat? |
Lațcu was Voivode of Moldavia from c. 1367 to c. 1375. He converted to the Roman Catholic faith and attempted to strengthen his realm's autonomy by establishing a Roman Catholic diocese directly subordinated to the Holy See. However, he seems to have accepted the suzerainty of King Louis I of Hungary and Poland in his last years.
Life
Lațcu was the son of Bogdan I of Moldavia, [1] the voivode achieving Moldavia's independence of Louis I. [2] He succeeded his father around 1367. [3] Other sources mention that he deposed his nephew Petru I of Moldavia in 1368. After Louis I of Hungary inherited Poland from his uncle, Casimir III of Poland, in 1370, he could put Lațcu under pressure from both the east and the north. [4] The contemporaneous John of Küküllő said that the voivodes of Moldavia accepted the suzerainty of Louis I of Hungary, suggesting that Lațcu (or already his father) had been forced to yield to the king. [5] However, John of Küküllő did not determine the date of the submission, for which historiand Dennis Delatant says that "[t]here is nothing to suggest that ... Hungarian suzerainty was restored". [5]
In 1369 he converted to the Roman Catholic faith. [6] Lațcu sent two Franciscan friars of Polish origin to Rome in early 1370 in order to inform Pope Urban V of his decision to convert from Orthodoxy to the Roman Catholic faith. [7] He also asked the Pope to establish a Roman Catholic diocese at his seat [8] in Siret. [1] Historian Deletant says that Lațcu must have decided to convert Catholicism primarily for political reasons, because he approached the Holy See directly, without the mediation of Hungarian prelates. [1] The pope soon appointed three prelates ( Jan Očko of Vlašim, Archbishop of Prague, Przecław of Pogorzela, Bishop of Wrocław, and Florian Mokrski, Bishop of Cracow) to examine the state of affairs in the principality. [9] Their report was received by his successor, Pope Gregory XI who authorized Florian of Mokrsko to consecrate the Polish Andrzej Jastrzębiec bishop with his see in Siret in 1371. [9] [10] The new diocese was directly subordinated to the Holy See. [9] The pope bestowed on him the title "duke of the Moldavian parts or of the people of Wallachia" (dux Moldaviensis partium seu nationis Wlachie). [3] [10] Lațcu's wife, Ana, and his daughter, Anastasia, did not convert to Catholicism. [9]
Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor signed a deed in Wrocław on 14 March 1372, declaring that he acknowledged the rights of Louis I of Hungary in Hungary, Poland and other countries, including Moldavia. [11] [12] The exact reasons of Charles's act are unknown;. [12] Historian J. Sýkora theorizes that Lațcu had sought an alliance against the Hungarian monarch with Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor. [12] The Romanian historian Victor Spinei argues that Lațcu took advantage of his peaceful relations with Louis I by expanding his authority towards the Black Sea coasts in the 1370s. [13] In contrast with him, Ioan-Aurel Pop suggests that Louis I prepared an expedition against Lațcu in 1374. [14]
The exact date of his death is unknown. [15] He died either around 1374 [16] or in 1375. [3] [10] Lațcu was interred in the Orthodox monastery at Rădăuți alongside his father. [9] Little information is known of the events that directly followed his death. [9] According to the 15th-century Lithuanian-Ruthenian Chronicle,[ citation needed] the Vlachs elected a prince, George Koriatovich, voivode, according to some historians at an unspecified date. [17] Other stated that George became ruled a part of Moldavia in 1374. [18]
According to historian A. Boldur Lațcu's daughter Anastasia married to George Koriatovich and their children were Iuga Ologul and Anna, wife of Alexander I of Moldavia. This hypothesis was widely criticized as were not based on sources. [19] In fact, Anastasia married Roman I of Moldavia, and had a son together, Alexander I of Moldavia. [20]
Footnotes
- ^ a b c Deletant 1986, p. 193.
- ^ Spinei 1986, pp. 204–207.
- ^ a b c Sălăgean 2006, p. 201.
- ^ Deletant 1986, p. 192.
- ^ a b Deletant 1986, p. 191.
- ^ Ilona Czamańska: Mołdawia i Wołoszczyzna wobec Polski, Węgier i Turcji w XIV i XV wieku, Poznań 1996, p. 41.
- ^ Deletant 1986, pp. 193–194.
- ^ Spinei 1986, p. 212.
- ^ a b c d e f Deletant 1986, p. 194.
- ^ a b c Pop 2006, p. 249.
- ^ Spinei 1986, p. 211.
- ^ a b c Deletant 1986, p. 195.
- ^ Spinei 1986, p. 218.
- ^ Pop 2006, p. 250.
- ^ Deletant 1986, p. 199.
- ^ Deletant 1986, p. 197.
- ^ Deletant 1986, pp. 197–198.
- ^ Ilona Czamańska: Mołdawia i Wołoszczyzna wobec Polski, Węgier i Turcji w XIV i XV wieku, Poznań 1996, p. 49.
- ^ Ilona Czamańska: Mołdawia i Wołoszczyzna wobec Polski, Węgier i Turcji w XIV i XV wieku, Poznań 1996, p. 44.
- ^ https://ro.wikisource.org/wiki/Din_trecutul_nostru/%C3%8En_Moldova,_Alexandru_cel_Bun
References
- Deletant, Dennis (1986). "Moldavia between Hungary and Poland, 1347-1412". The Slavonic and East European Review. 64 (2): 189–211. ISSN 0037-6795.
- Pop, Ioan-Aurel (2006). "Romanians in the 14th-16th centuries: From the "Christian Republic" to the "Restoration of Dacia"". In Ioan-Aurel, Pop (ed.). History of Romania: Compendium. Romanian Cultural Institute (Center for Transylvanian Studies). pp. 209–314. ISBN 978-973-7784-12-4.
- Sălăgean, Tudor (2006). "Romanian society in the early Middle Ages". In Ioan-Aurel, Pop (ed.). History of Romania: Compendium. Romanian Cultural Institute (Center for Transylvanian Studies). pp. 133–207. ISBN 978-973-7784-12-4.
- Spinei, Victor (1986). Moldavia in the 11th–14th Centuries. Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste Româna.
Further reading
- Mihai Bărbulescu, Dennis Deletant, Keith Hitchins, Șerban Papacostea, Pompiliu Teodor, Istoria României, Ed. Corint, 2004, ISBN 973-653-514-2