Kumarumã
Santa Maria dos Galibis | |
|---|---|
  Kumarumã Location in Brazil  Kumarumã Kumarumã (Brazil) | |
| Coordinates: 3°22′44″N 51°17′59″W / 3.3789°N 51.2998°W | |
| Country | 
Brazil |
| Region | North |
| State | Amapá |
| Municipality | Oiapoque |
| Government | |
| • Cacique | Paulo Roberto Silva [1] |
| Population (2016)
[2] | |
| • Total | 2,240 |
| Time zone | UTC-3 |
Kumarumã is an Amerindian village of the Galibi Marwono people in the Brazilian municipality of Oiapoque, Amapá. It is the largest village of the tribe. [3] [4] Kumarumã was founded in the 1930s [5] as Santa Maria dos Galibis. [3] Kumarumã is located on an island in the Uaçá River in the Uaçá Indigenous Territory. [6]
Overview
The Galibi Marworno were originally from French Guiana and lived in Jesuit missions. A Portuguese offensive in the late 18th century drove them to land inwards, where they mixed with the Arua and Marworno Amerindians. [4] They use the self identification Galibi Marworno to distinguish themselves from the Galibis on the Oiapoque River. [3]
In the 1930s, Santa Maria dos Galibis was established by the Indian Protection Service [5] as means to concentrate the population. [4] The main language of the Galibi was Karipúna French Creole. [3] In 1934, a school was built in the village, and started to teach in Portuguese. [3] In the late 1960s, CIMI, a Catholic organisation, started teaching Karipúna French Creole. [7]
Kumarumã also has a clinic, [8] and a community house. [3] The village consisted mainly of wooden houses built on stilts, [3] however, the younger generation has begun to build brick houses. [9]
Kumarumã has experienced a rapid growth in the 21st century, and a large part of the island has been deforested. The economy is based on fishing and subsistence farming. [3] The villagers are known for their canoes which they export to French Guiana. [10]
Kumarumã can only be accessed by boat, and is located about 45 kilometres down river from the Oiapoque River. [6]
References
- ^ "VÍDEO: CRIANDO CORPO EM KUMARUMÃ". Padre Nello (in Portuguese). Retrieved 29 March 2021.
- ^ "Caracterização do DSEI Amapá e Norte do Pará, conforme Edital de Chamada Pública n. 2/2017" (PDF). Ministry of Health (Brazil) (in Portuguese). Retrieved 29 March 2021.
- ^ a b c d e f g h "Galibi Marworno". Socio Ambiental. Retrieved 29 March 2021.
- ^ a b c Anonby 2007, p. 8.
- ^ a b Florent Kohler (2010). "Chamanisme et politique dans l'Uaçá, Bas-Oyapock (Amapá, Brésil)". Anthropologie et Sociétés (in French). 34: 13–14.
- ^ a b Anonby 2007, p. 4.
- ^ Anonby 2007, p. 9.
- ^ "Dsei Ap Polo Base de Saúde Indigena Kumaruma - Aldeia - Oiapoque - AP - Unidade de Atenção A Saúde Indigena". Unidades de Saúde do Brasil (in Portuguese). Retrieved 29 March 2021.
- ^ Anonby 2007, p. 17.
- ^ Rosélis Remor de Souza Mazurek (2006). "Mapping in the Oiapoque Indigenous Territories". Revue d'ethnoécologie. 9: 27.
Bibliography
- Anonby, Stan (2007). "A report on the creoles of Amapá". Journal of Language Survey Reports.
Kumarumã
Santa Maria dos Galibis | |
|---|---|
Kumarumã Location in Brazil Kumarumã Kumarumã (Brazil) | |
| Coordinates: 3°22′44″N 51°17′59″W / 3.3789°N 51.2998°W | |
| Country |
Brazil |
| Region | North |
| State | Amapá |
| Municipality | Oiapoque |
| Government | |
| • Cacique | Paulo Roberto Silva [1] |
| Population (2016)
[2] | |
| • Total | 2,240 |
| Time zone | UTC-3 |
Kumarumã is an Amerindian village of the Galibi Marwono people in the Brazilian municipality of Oiapoque, Amapá. It is the largest village of the tribe. [3] [4] Kumarumã was founded in the 1930s [5] as Santa Maria dos Galibis. [3] Kumarumã is located on an island in the Uaçá River in the Uaçá Indigenous Territory. [6]
Overview
The Galibi Marworno were originally from French Guiana and lived in Jesuit missions. A Portuguese offensive in the late 18th century drove them to land inwards, where they mixed with the Arua and Marworno Amerindians. [4] They use the self identification Galibi Marworno to distinguish themselves from the Galibis on the Oiapoque River. [3]
In the 1930s, Santa Maria dos Galibis was established by the Indian Protection Service [5] as means to concentrate the population. [4] The main language of the Galibi was Karipúna French Creole. [3] In 1934, a school was built in the village, and started to teach in Portuguese. [3] In the late 1960s, CIMI, a Catholic organisation, started teaching Karipúna French Creole. [7]
Kumarumã also has a clinic, [8] and a community house. [3] The village consisted mainly of wooden houses built on stilts, [3] however, the younger generation has begun to build brick houses. [9]
Kumarumã has experienced a rapid growth in the 21st century, and a large part of the island has been deforested. The economy is based on fishing and subsistence farming. [3] The villagers are known for their canoes which they export to French Guiana. [10]
Kumarumã can only be accessed by boat, and is located about 45 kilometres down river from the Oiapoque River. [6]
References
- ^ "VÍDEO: CRIANDO CORPO EM KUMARUMÃ". Padre Nello (in Portuguese). Retrieved 29 March 2021.
- ^ "Caracterização do DSEI Amapá e Norte do Pará, conforme Edital de Chamada Pública n. 2/2017" (PDF). Ministry of Health (Brazil) (in Portuguese). Retrieved 29 March 2021.
- ^ a b c d e f g h "Galibi Marworno". Socio Ambiental. Retrieved 29 March 2021.
- ^ a b c Anonby 2007, p. 8.
- ^ a b Florent Kohler (2010). "Chamanisme et politique dans l'Uaçá, Bas-Oyapock (Amapá, Brésil)". Anthropologie et Sociétés (in French). 34: 13–14.
- ^ a b Anonby 2007, p. 4.
- ^ Anonby 2007, p. 9.
- ^ "Dsei Ap Polo Base de Saúde Indigena Kumaruma - Aldeia - Oiapoque - AP - Unidade de Atenção A Saúde Indigena". Unidades de Saúde do Brasil (in Portuguese). Retrieved 29 March 2021.
- ^ Anonby 2007, p. 17.
- ^ Rosélis Remor de Souza Mazurek (2006). "Mapping in the Oiapoque Indigenous Territories". Revue d'ethnoécologie. 9: 27.
Bibliography
- Anonby, Stan (2007). "A report on the creoles of Amapá". Journal of Language Survey Reports.