Home • Search • Translate
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Knowledge Indexes were designed as an interactive tool for benchmarking a country's position vis-a-vis others in the global knowledge economy. It was created by the World Bank Institute using the Knowledge Assessment Methodology (KAM). The World Bank discontinued the index after 2012 and it was replaced by The Global Knowledge Index (GKI) from Knowledge4All, a joint initiative between the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and the Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum Knowledge Foundation (MBRF). [1] An EBRD 'Knowledge Economy Index' documented in a 2019 publication uses indicators like institutional & legal frameworks (as a basis for patents etc.), number of technical graduates, research spending number of patents, some measure of collaboration, and amount of venture capital. [2] In total there are 38 contributing indicators described in the ERBD index methodology.

Knowledge Index

The Knowledge Index (KI) is an economic indicator prepared by the World Bank Institute to measure a country's ability to generate, adopt and diffuse knowledge. Methodologically, the KI is the simple average of the normalized performance scores of a country or region on the key variables in three Knowledge Economy pillars - education and human resources, the innovation system and information and communication technology (ICT). [1] [2]

Knowledge Economic Index

The Knowledge Economy Index (KEI) takes into account whether the environment is conducive for knowledge to be used effectively for economic development. It is an aggregate index that represents the overall level of development of a country or region towards the Knowledge Economy. The KEI is calculated based on the average of the normalized performance scores of a country or region on all 4 pillars related to the knowledge economy - economic incentive and institutional regime, education and human resources, the innovation system and ICT. [1] [2]

The 4 pillars of the Knowledge Economy framework

  • An economic and institutional regime to provide incentives for the efficient use of existing and new knowledge and the flourishing of entrepreneurship;
  • An educated and skilled population to create, share, and use knowledge well;
  • An efficient innovation system of firms, research centers, universities, consultants and other organizations to tap into the growing stock of global knowledge, assimilate and adapt it to local needs, and create new technology;
  • Information and communication technology to facilitate the effective creation, dissemination, and processing of information.

KEI and KI indexes by country

Country KEI KI Economic Incentive Regime Innovation Education ICT 2015 Rank
  Denmark 9.58 9.55 9.66 9.57 9.80 9.28 1
  Sweden 9.52 9.63 9.18 9.79 9.40 9.69 2
  Finland 9.37 9.33 9.47 9.66 9.78 8.56 3
  Netherlands 9.32 9.36 9.18 9.48 9.26 9.36 4
  Norway 9.27 9.27 9.25 9.06 9.60 9.16 5
  Canada 9.21 9.14 9.42 9.43 9.26 8.74 6
   Switzerland 9.15 9.03 9.50 9.89 7.69 9.52 7
  United Kingdom 9.09 9.03 9.28 9.18 8.54 9.38 8
  United States 9.08 9.05 9.16 9.45 8.77 8.93 9
  Australia 9.05 9.17 8.66 8.72 9.64 9.16 10
  Ireland 8.92 8.82 9.23 9.04 9.08 8.33 11
  Austria 8.89 8.76 9.30 8.90 8.53 8.85 12
  Iceland 8.88 8.87 8.92 7.98 9.44 9.18 13
  Germany 8.87 8.83 8.99 9.00 8.46 9.04 14
  New Zealand 8.87 9.00 8.48 8.65 9.79 8.56 15
  Belgium 8.73 8.70 8.82 8.96 9.14 8.02 16
  Taiwan 8.69 8.80 8.35 9.24 7.91 9.26 17
  Luxembourg 8.65 8.40 9.42 8.91 6.66 9.62 18
  Japan 8.56 8.84 7.71 9.15 8.71 8.66 19
  France 8.47 8.69 7.82 8.61 9.08 8.38 20
  Estonia 8.34 8.22 8.68 7.49 8.27 8.90 21
  Slovenia 8.25 8.29 8.11 8.31 8.24 8.33 22
  Spain 8.24 8.13 8.58 8.14 8.21 8.04 23
  Singapore 8.24 7.75 9.71 9.56 5.19 8.50 24
  Israel 8.22 8.24 8.16 9.34 6.72 8.64 25
  Hong Kong, China 8.20 7.73 9.60 8.64 5.30 9.26 26
  Italy 7.86 8.19 6.84 8.04 7.86 8.68 27
  Hungary 7.85 7.67 8.39 8.14 7.62 7.25 28
  Czech Republic 7.83 7.70 8.23 7.60 8.11 7.39 29
  Lithuania 7.68 7.60 7.94 6.59 8.36 7.84 30
  South Korea 7.68 8.38 5.57 8.47 7.97 8.71 31
  Latvia 7.64 7.51 8.04 6.40 8.41 7.73 32
  Cyprus 7.55 7.47 7.77 7.65 6.45 8.32 33
  Portugal 7.52 7.22 8.44 7.43 6.83 7.39 34
  Greece 7.38 7.48 7.08 7.63 8.20 6.62 35
  Poland 7.38 7.37 7.39 6.92 7.94 7.25 36
  Slovakia 7.33 7.12 7.99 6.86 6.98 7.51 37
  Barbados 7.25 7.78 5.66 7.51 8.40 7.44 38
  Croatia 7.19 7.19 7.16 7.54 6.44 7.61 39
  Chile 6.92 6.53 8.11 6.81 6.31 6.46 40
  Bulgaria 6.80 6.73 7.01 6.43 7.42 6.33 41
  United Arab Emirates 6.66 6.57 6.95 6.74 4.78 8.18 42
  Romania 6.37 6.20 6.87 5.66 6.30 6.63 43
  Uruguay 6.35 6.31 6.49 5.26 7.18 6.48 44
  Qatar 6.15 6.20 5.99 5.77 5.29 7.56 45
  Dominica 6.07 5.61 7.46 3.76 6.24 6.82 46
  Costa Rica 6.06 5.85 6.70 6.24 5.01 6.30 47
  Malaysia 6.06 6.02 6.18 6.83 4.14 7.08 48
  Russian Federation 5.40 6.69 1.55 6.89 7.09 6.08 49
  Bahrain 6.02 5.75 6.84 4.20 5.82 7.22 50
  Kuwait 6.01 5.68 7.01 5.05 4.87 7.13 51
  Ukraine 5.80 6.38 4.06 5.77 7.91 5.45 52
  Argentina 5.49 6.44 2.63 6.85 6.49 5.98 53
  Trinidad and Tobago 5.64 5.54 5.95 6.02 4.34 6.27 54
  Brazil 5.57 6.00 4.30 6.07 5.84 6.08 55
  Turkey 5.61 5.14 7.02 5.67 4.38 5.38 56
  South Africa 5.55 5.47 5.81 6.92 4.51 4.98 57
  Jordan 5.53 5.46 5.77 5.66 5.49 5.21 58
  Armenia 5.51 5.44 5.71 6.17 6.32 3.84 59
  Mexico 5.45 5.48 5.38 5.82 4.85 5.77 60
  Thailand 5.44 5.41 5.51 5.98 5.27 5.00 61
  Oman 5.37 4.72 7.32 4.95 4.30 4.90 62
  Macedonia 5.33 5.23 5.61 4.76 4.87 6.06 63
  Mauritius 5.18 4.58 6.95 3.70 4.09 5.96 64
  Saudi Arabia 5.15 5.07 5.39 4.04 4.87 6.29 65
  Jamaica 5.04 5.40 3.99 5.36 4.10 6.74 66
  Moldova 5.04 5.32 4.19 4.39 6.40 5.17 67
  Kazakhstan 5.01 5.08 4.82 3.77 7.21 4.25 68
  Belarus 4.93 6.39 0.55 5.54 8.00 5.63 69
  Lebanon 4.86 4.91 4.70 4.69 4.76 5.27 70
  Tunisia 4.73 4.56 5.26 4.58 4.10 5.00 71
  Panama 4.69 4.45 5.39 5.45 4.86 3.04 72
  Georgia 4.69 5.07 3.54 5.38 5.97 3.85 73
  Peru 4.64 4.86 3.98 3.88 5.57 5.12 74
  Mongolia 4.50 4.28 5.18 2.06 6.31 4.46 75
  Colombia 4.42 4.62 3.83 4.26 4.79 4.80 76
  China 4.35 4.46 4.01 5.12 4.11 4.16 77
  Guyana 4.31 4.97 2.33 4.47 5.80 4.64 78
  Philippines 4.25 4.02 4.95 3.63 4.76 3.66 79
  Venezuela 4.23 5.47 0.51 5.73 5.27 5.41 80
  Namibia 4.19 3.20 7.14 3.30 2.57 3.74 81
  Sri Lanka 4.16 4.07 4.44 4.44 4.91 2.85 82
  Albania 4.04 4.08 3.91 3.10 4.94 4.20 83
  Egypt 4.03 4.19 3.57 4.55 4.35 3.66 84
  Botswana 3.96 3.50 5.34 4.34 2.58 3.59 85
  Dominican Republic 3.92 3.81 4.24 2.91 4.11 4.42 86
  El Salvador 3.91 3.65 4.70 3.19 3.26 4.50 87
  Azerbaijan 3.81 3.93 3.42 3.05 5.03 3.73 88
  Kyrgyzstan 3.74 3.90 3.25 2.70 6.25 2.75 89
  Paraguay 3.62 3.87 2.87 3.47 4.20 3.93 90
  Ecuador 3.46 4.08 1.58 3.55 3.77 4.93 91
  Morocco 3.45 3.33 3.80 3.67 2.00 4.32 92
  Bolivia 3.42 3.63 2.78 3.05 4.76 3.09 93
  Iran 3.39 4.13 1.18 3.02 3.89 5.48 94
  Uzbekistan 3.28 4.03 1.03 3.51 6.17 2.40 95
  Algeria 3.25 3.50 2.53 3.48 3.64 3.37 96
  Cape Verde 3.24 3.05 3.81 2.25 2.96 3.96 97
  Indonesia 3.23 3.19 3.36 3.32 3.42 2.82 98
  Honduras 3.21 3.18 3.30 3.30 3.17 3.06 99
  India 3.12 2.94 3.67 3.97 2.26 2.59 100
  Guatemala 3.11 2.88 3.78 2.47 2.21 3.97 101
  Vietnam 3.02 3.08 2.85 2.83 3.32 3.08 102
  Swaziland 2.93 3.05 2.56 4.55 1.73 2.88 103
  Syrian Arab Republic 2.90 3.34 1.55 3.44 2.91 3.68 104
  Nicaragua 2.87 2.64 3.57 1.99 2.93 3.02 105
  Kenya 2.82 2.65 3.31 3.87 1.49 2.60 106
  Tajikistan 2.79 2.93 2.37 2.33 5.34 1.10 107
  Senegal 2.63 2.15 4.07 2.77 0.92 2.75 108
  Zimbabwe 2.51 3.25 0.29 4.09 2.38 3.29 109
  Ghana 2.50 2.00 3.97 2.08 1.80 2.13 110
  Uganda 2.46 1.93 4.04 2.72 1.16 1.92 111
  Madagascar 2.37 1.51 4.93 2.54 0.76 1.25 112
  Mauritania 2.35 1.83 3.89 1.75 0.94 2.80 113
  Tanzania 2.28 1.72 3.98 2.39 1.05 1.70 114
  Pakistan 2.24 2.18 2.43 2.75 1.07 2.72 115
  Lesotho 2.15 1.99 2.65 2.70 1.73 1.53 116
  Benin 2.10 1.80 3.00 2.33 1.14 1.93 117
  Nigeria 2.04 2.33 1.16 2.72 1.87 2.41 118
  Yemen 1.80 1.83 1.72 1.68 1.83 1.99 119
  Mali 1.78 1.18 3.58 1.69 0.66 1.19 120
  Mozambique 1.71 1.20 3.24 1.86 0.33 1.41 121
  Angola 1.70 1.67 1.76 2.44 0.88 1.70 122
  Cameroon 1.69 1.85 1.20 2.49 1.36 1.70 123
  Burkina Faso 1.64 1.11 3.24 2.15 0.26 0.93 124
    Nepal 1.61 1.46 2.06 2.04 1.50 0.84 125
  Malawi 1.55 1.17 2.71 2.11 0.87 0.53 126
  Laos 1.53 1.68 1.08 1.43 2.01 1.59 127
  Bangladesh 1.49 1.63 1.10 1.71 1.52 1.66 128
  Myanmar 1.48 1.52 1.35 1.17 2.58 0.82 129
  Rwanda 1.34 0.85 2.80 1.47 0.35 0.74 130
  Ethiopia 1.18 0.93 1.95 1.57 0.73 0.48 131
  Djibouti 1.15 1.14 1.19 1.29 0.49 1.63 132
  Eritrea 1.07 1.20 0.68 1.56 0.81 1.22 133
  Sierra Leone 0.91 0.92 0.87 1.70 0.67 0.39 134
  Bosnia and Herzegovina n/a n/a 4.24 3.29 n/a 5.33 135
  Serbia and Montenegro n/a n/a 3.46 4.85 n/a 5.59 136
  Haiti n/a n/a 1.29 1.15 n/a 1.57 137
  Côte d'Ivoire n/a n/a 0.57 2.52 n/a 2.30 138
  Sudan n/a n/a 0.61 1.97 n/a 3.84 139
  Zambia n/a n/a 2.97 2.37 n/a 2.03 140

References

  1. ^ a b c "Global Knowledge Index". knoema.com.
  2. ^ a b c "Introducing the EBRD Knowledge Economy Index" (PDF). ebrd.com. European Bank for Reconstruction and development. 2019. Retrieved 16 May 2021.

Further reading

Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Knowledge_Economic_Index&oldid=1216101980"
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Knowledge Indexes were designed as an interactive tool for benchmarking a country's position vis-a-vis others in the global knowledge economy. It was created by the World Bank Institute using the Knowledge Assessment Methodology (KAM). The World Bank discontinued the index after 2012 and it was replaced by The Global Knowledge Index (GKI) from Knowledge4All, a joint initiative between the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and the Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum Knowledge Foundation (MBRF). [1] An EBRD 'Knowledge Economy Index' documented in a 2019 publication uses indicators like institutional & legal frameworks (as a basis for patents etc.), number of technical graduates, research spending number of patents, some measure of collaboration, and amount of venture capital. [2] In total there are 38 contributing indicators described in the ERBD index methodology.

Knowledge Index

The Knowledge Index (KI) is an economic indicator prepared by the World Bank Institute to measure a country's ability to generate, adopt and diffuse knowledge. Methodologically, the KI is the simple average of the normalized performance scores of a country or region on the key variables in three Knowledge Economy pillars - education and human resources, the innovation system and information and communication technology (ICT). [1] [2]

Knowledge Economic Index

The Knowledge Economy Index (KEI) takes into account whether the environment is conducive for knowledge to be used effectively for economic development. It is an aggregate index that represents the overall level of development of a country or region towards the Knowledge Economy. The KEI is calculated based on the average of the normalized performance scores of a country or region on all 4 pillars related to the knowledge economy - economic incentive and institutional regime, education and human resources, the innovation system and ICT. [1] [2]

The 4 pillars of the Knowledge Economy framework

  • An economic and institutional regime to provide incentives for the efficient use of existing and new knowledge and the flourishing of entrepreneurship;
  • An educated and skilled population to create, share, and use knowledge well;
  • An efficient innovation system of firms, research centers, universities, consultants and other organizations to tap into the growing stock of global knowledge, assimilate and adapt it to local needs, and create new technology;
  • Information and communication technology to facilitate the effective creation, dissemination, and processing of information.

KEI and KI indexes by country

Country KEI KI Economic Incentive Regime Innovation Education ICT 2015 Rank
  Denmark 9.58 9.55 9.66 9.57 9.80 9.28 1
  Sweden 9.52 9.63 9.18 9.79 9.40 9.69 2
  Finland 9.37 9.33 9.47 9.66 9.78 8.56 3
  Netherlands 9.32 9.36 9.18 9.48 9.26 9.36 4
  Norway 9.27 9.27 9.25 9.06 9.60 9.16 5
  Canada 9.21 9.14 9.42 9.43 9.26 8.74 6
   Switzerland 9.15 9.03 9.50 9.89 7.69 9.52 7
  United Kingdom 9.09 9.03 9.28 9.18 8.54 9.38 8
  United States 9.08 9.05 9.16 9.45 8.77 8.93 9
  Australia 9.05 9.17 8.66 8.72 9.64 9.16 10
  Ireland 8.92 8.82 9.23 9.04 9.08 8.33 11
  Austria 8.89 8.76 9.30 8.90 8.53 8.85 12
  Iceland 8.88 8.87 8.92 7.98 9.44 9.18 13
  Germany 8.87 8.83 8.99 9.00 8.46 9.04 14
  New Zealand 8.87 9.00 8.48 8.65 9.79 8.56 15
  Belgium 8.73 8.70 8.82 8.96 9.14 8.02 16
  Taiwan 8.69 8.80 8.35 9.24 7.91 9.26 17
  Luxembourg 8.65 8.40 9.42 8.91 6.66 9.62 18
  Japan 8.56 8.84 7.71 9.15 8.71 8.66 19
  France 8.47 8.69 7.82 8.61 9.08 8.38 20
  Estonia 8.34 8.22 8.68 7.49 8.27 8.90 21
  Slovenia 8.25 8.29 8.11 8.31 8.24 8.33 22
  Spain 8.24 8.13 8.58 8.14 8.21 8.04 23
  Singapore 8.24 7.75 9.71 9.56 5.19 8.50 24
  Israel 8.22 8.24 8.16 9.34 6.72 8.64 25
  Hong Kong, China 8.20 7.73 9.60 8.64 5.30 9.26 26
  Italy 7.86 8.19 6.84 8.04 7.86 8.68 27
  Hungary 7.85 7.67 8.39 8.14 7.62 7.25 28
  Czech Republic 7.83 7.70 8.23 7.60 8.11 7.39 29
  Lithuania 7.68 7.60 7.94 6.59 8.36 7.84 30
  South Korea 7.68 8.38 5.57 8.47 7.97 8.71 31
  Latvia 7.64 7.51 8.04 6.40 8.41 7.73 32
  Cyprus 7.55 7.47 7.77 7.65 6.45 8.32 33
  Portugal 7.52 7.22 8.44 7.43 6.83 7.39 34
  Greece 7.38 7.48 7.08 7.63 8.20 6.62 35
  Poland 7.38 7.37 7.39 6.92 7.94 7.25 36
  Slovakia 7.33 7.12 7.99 6.86 6.98 7.51 37
  Barbados 7.25 7.78 5.66 7.51 8.40 7.44 38
  Croatia 7.19 7.19 7.16 7.54 6.44 7.61 39
  Chile 6.92 6.53 8.11 6.81 6.31 6.46 40
  Bulgaria 6.80 6.73 7.01 6.43 7.42 6.33 41
  United Arab Emirates 6.66 6.57 6.95 6.74 4.78 8.18 42
  Romania 6.37 6.20 6.87 5.66 6.30 6.63 43
  Uruguay 6.35 6.31 6.49 5.26 7.18 6.48 44
  Qatar 6.15 6.20 5.99 5.77 5.29 7.56 45
  Dominica 6.07 5.61 7.46 3.76 6.24 6.82 46
  Costa Rica 6.06 5.85 6.70 6.24 5.01 6.30 47
  Malaysia 6.06 6.02 6.18 6.83 4.14 7.08 48
  Russian Federation 5.40 6.69 1.55 6.89 7.09 6.08 49
  Bahrain 6.02 5.75 6.84 4.20 5.82 7.22 50
  Kuwait 6.01 5.68 7.01 5.05 4.87 7.13 51
  Ukraine 5.80 6.38 4.06 5.77 7.91 5.45 52
  Argentina 5.49 6.44 2.63 6.85 6.49 5.98 53
  Trinidad and Tobago 5.64 5.54 5.95 6.02 4.34 6.27 54
  Brazil 5.57 6.00 4.30 6.07 5.84 6.08 55
  Turkey 5.61 5.14 7.02 5.67 4.38 5.38 56
  South Africa 5.55 5.47 5.81 6.92 4.51 4.98 57
  Jordan 5.53 5.46 5.77 5.66 5.49 5.21 58
  Armenia 5.51 5.44 5.71 6.17 6.32 3.84 59
  Mexico 5.45 5.48 5.38 5.82 4.85 5.77 60
  Thailand 5.44 5.41 5.51 5.98 5.27 5.00 61
  Oman 5.37 4.72 7.32 4.95 4.30 4.90 62
  Macedonia 5.33 5.23 5.61 4.76 4.87 6.06 63
  Mauritius 5.18 4.58 6.95 3.70 4.09 5.96 64
  Saudi Arabia 5.15 5.07 5.39 4.04 4.87 6.29 65
  Jamaica 5.04 5.40 3.99 5.36 4.10 6.74 66
  Moldova 5.04 5.32 4.19 4.39 6.40 5.17 67
  Kazakhstan 5.01 5.08 4.82 3.77 7.21 4.25 68
  Belarus 4.93 6.39 0.55 5.54 8.00 5.63 69
  Lebanon 4.86 4.91 4.70 4.69 4.76 5.27 70
  Tunisia 4.73 4.56 5.26 4.58 4.10 5.00 71
  Panama 4.69 4.45 5.39 5.45 4.86 3.04 72
  Georgia 4.69 5.07 3.54 5.38 5.97 3.85 73
  Peru 4.64 4.86 3.98 3.88 5.57 5.12 74
  Mongolia 4.50 4.28 5.18 2.06 6.31 4.46 75
  Colombia 4.42 4.62 3.83 4.26 4.79 4.80 76
  China 4.35 4.46 4.01 5.12 4.11 4.16 77
  Guyana 4.31 4.97 2.33 4.47 5.80 4.64 78
  Philippines 4.25 4.02 4.95 3.63 4.76 3.66 79
  Venezuela 4.23 5.47 0.51 5.73 5.27 5.41 80
  Namibia 4.19 3.20 7.14 3.30 2.57 3.74 81
  Sri Lanka 4.16 4.07 4.44 4.44 4.91 2.85 82
  Albania 4.04 4.08 3.91 3.10 4.94 4.20 83
  Egypt 4.03 4.19 3.57 4.55 4.35 3.66 84
  Botswana 3.96 3.50 5.34 4.34 2.58 3.59 85
  Dominican Republic 3.92 3.81 4.24 2.91 4.11 4.42 86
  El Salvador 3.91 3.65 4.70 3.19 3.26 4.50 87
  Azerbaijan 3.81 3.93 3.42 3.05 5.03 3.73 88
  Kyrgyzstan 3.74 3.90 3.25 2.70 6.25 2.75 89
  Paraguay 3.62 3.87 2.87 3.47 4.20 3.93 90
  Ecuador 3.46 4.08 1.58 3.55 3.77 4.93 91
  Morocco 3.45 3.33 3.80 3.67 2.00 4.32 92
  Bolivia 3.42 3.63 2.78 3.05 4.76 3.09 93
  Iran 3.39 4.13 1.18 3.02 3.89 5.48 94
  Uzbekistan 3.28 4.03 1.03 3.51 6.17 2.40 95
  Algeria 3.25 3.50 2.53 3.48 3.64 3.37 96
  Cape Verde 3.24 3.05 3.81 2.25 2.96 3.96 97
  Indonesia 3.23 3.19 3.36 3.32 3.42 2.82 98
  Honduras 3.21 3.18 3.30 3.30 3.17 3.06 99
  India 3.12 2.94 3.67 3.97 2.26 2.59 100
  Guatemala 3.11 2.88 3.78 2.47 2.21 3.97 101
  Vietnam 3.02 3.08 2.85 2.83 3.32 3.08 102
  Swaziland 2.93 3.05 2.56 4.55 1.73 2.88 103
  Syrian Arab Republic 2.90 3.34 1.55 3.44 2.91 3.68 104
  Nicaragua 2.87 2.64 3.57 1.99 2.93 3.02 105
  Kenya 2.82 2.65 3.31 3.87 1.49 2.60 106
  Tajikistan 2.79 2.93 2.37 2.33 5.34 1.10 107
  Senegal 2.63 2.15 4.07 2.77 0.92 2.75 108
  Zimbabwe 2.51 3.25 0.29 4.09 2.38 3.29 109
  Ghana 2.50 2.00 3.97 2.08 1.80 2.13 110
  Uganda 2.46 1.93 4.04 2.72 1.16 1.92 111
  Madagascar 2.37 1.51 4.93 2.54 0.76 1.25 112
  Mauritania 2.35 1.83 3.89 1.75 0.94 2.80 113
  Tanzania 2.28 1.72 3.98 2.39 1.05 1.70 114
  Pakistan 2.24 2.18 2.43 2.75 1.07 2.72 115
  Lesotho 2.15 1.99 2.65 2.70 1.73 1.53 116
  Benin 2.10 1.80 3.00 2.33 1.14 1.93 117
  Nigeria 2.04 2.33 1.16 2.72 1.87 2.41 118
  Yemen 1.80 1.83 1.72 1.68 1.83 1.99 119
  Mali 1.78 1.18 3.58 1.69 0.66 1.19 120
  Mozambique 1.71 1.20 3.24 1.86 0.33 1.41 121
  Angola 1.70 1.67 1.76 2.44 0.88 1.70 122
  Cameroon 1.69 1.85 1.20 2.49 1.36 1.70 123
  Burkina Faso 1.64 1.11 3.24 2.15 0.26 0.93 124
    Nepal 1.61 1.46 2.06 2.04 1.50 0.84 125
  Malawi 1.55 1.17 2.71 2.11 0.87 0.53 126
  Laos 1.53 1.68 1.08 1.43 2.01 1.59 127
  Bangladesh 1.49 1.63 1.10 1.71 1.52 1.66 128
  Myanmar 1.48 1.52 1.35 1.17 2.58 0.82 129
  Rwanda 1.34 0.85 2.80 1.47 0.35 0.74 130
  Ethiopia 1.18 0.93 1.95 1.57 0.73 0.48 131
  Djibouti 1.15 1.14 1.19 1.29 0.49 1.63 132
  Eritrea 1.07 1.20 0.68 1.56 0.81 1.22 133
  Sierra Leone 0.91 0.92 0.87 1.70 0.67 0.39 134
  Bosnia and Herzegovina n/a n/a 4.24 3.29 n/a 5.33 135
  Serbia and Montenegro n/a n/a 3.46 4.85 n/a 5.59 136
  Haiti n/a n/a 1.29 1.15 n/a 1.57 137
  Côte d'Ivoire n/a n/a 0.57 2.52 n/a 2.30 138
  Sudan n/a n/a 0.61 1.97 n/a 3.84 139
  Zambia n/a n/a 2.97 2.37 n/a 2.03 140

References

  1. ^ a b c "Global Knowledge Index". knoema.com.
  2. ^ a b c "Introducing the EBRD Knowledge Economy Index" (PDF). ebrd.com. European Bank for Reconstruction and development. 2019. Retrieved 16 May 2021.

Further reading

Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Knowledge_Economic_Index&oldid=1216101980"

Videos

Youtube | Vimeo | Bing

Websites

Google | Yahoo | Bing

Encyclopedia

Google | Yahoo | Bing

Facebook




Top Of Page

Home • Search • Translate

© CSE