Juan Arévalo Gardoqui (born in México City, July 23, 1921 – May 4, 2000, Mexico City [1]) served as Mexico's Secretary of Defense from 1982 to 1988.
Family
His parents were General Gustavo Arévalo and Magdalena Gardoqui. He had one brother, Gustavo Arévalo Gardoqui, who served as a federal deputy representing Baja California from 1961 to 1964. Arévalo married Maria del Carmen LaMadrid and had a son, Gustavo Arévalo Vera. [2]
Career
He began his military career in 1940 when he entered the Heroic Military College, graduating on June 30, 1943 as a 2nd Cavalry Lieutenant. He entered the Higher War College in 1947 and graduated three years later acquiring the status of officer of cadets. [2]
In his military career he held several important positions, among which stand out: General Director of Cavalry, Commander of the 1 / a. and 5 / a. Military Areas. [2]
He joined the PRI in 1957 and served as the head of security for Secretary Adolfo López Mateos during his successful presidential campaign in 1957. [3]
In 1982, he was appointed Secretary of National Defense, a position he held until November 30, 1988.
As Secretary of the branch, he supported the development of the military industry with the manufacture of new weapons, clothing and equipment and implemented the DN-III-E Plan for the Assistance of the civilian population in cases of disaster.
Corruption
In 1988, a Drug Enforcement Administration informant accused Arévalo of taking a $10 million bribe from drug trafficker Rafael Caro Quintero in return for protecting a 1,000-hectare (2,500-acre) marijuana plantation in Allende (Chihuahua). [4] In 1984, acting on information from the DEA, 450 Mexican soldiers backed by helicopters had destroyed the plantation. [5] [6] [7] [8] DEA Administrator John C. Lawn expressed skepticism about the claim and Arevalo was never formally investigated. [4]
In 1995, the U.S. Justice Department's prosecution of drug trafficker Juan Benito Castro revealed that in 1993, the DEA had intercepted 348 kilograms of cocaine that belonged to Arévalo. [9]
In 2014, three former police officers in the United States Federal Witness Protection Program accused Arévalo and Interior Secretary Manuel Bartlett of participation in the interrogation, torture, and murder of DEA Agent Kiki Camarena in 1985 as part of the Iran–Contra affair. [10]
References
- ^ "Murió ayer Juan Arévalo Gardoqui". El Universal. 2000-05-04. Retrieved 2019-07-21.
- ^ a b c Camp, Roderic Ai (2011). Mexican Political Biographies, 1935-2009. Austin, Texas: University of Texas Press. p. 60. ISBN 978-0-292-72634-5.
- ^ "Murió Juan Arévalo Gardoqui, titular de la Sedena con MMH". Jornada. 2000-05-05. Retrieved 2019-07-21.
- ^ a b "Informer Ties Top Mexican to Drug Deals". The Washington Post. 1988-06-04. Retrieved 2019-07-21.
- ^ "SE CUMPLEN 32 AÑOS DEL HISTÓRICO GOLPE AL NARCOTRAFICO EN BÚFALO". elmonitorparral.com.
- ^ Juárez, El Diario de. "Chihuahua: la huella de Caro Quintero - El Diario". El Diario de Juárez.
- ^ Gorman, Peter. "Big-time Smuggler's Blues" Archived 2012-04-05 at the Wayback Machine. Cannabis Culture. Thursday June 15, 2006.
- ^ Beith, Malcolm (2010). The Last Narco. New York, New York: Grove Press. p. 41. ISBN 978-0-8021-1952-0.
- ^ "Trading with the Enemy". LA Weekly. 1998-10-07. Retrieved 2019-07-21.
- ^ "Expolicías mexicanos exhiben a Bartlett y a Arévalo Gardoqui". Proceso. 2014-01-14. Retrieved 2019-07-21.
Juan Arévalo Gardoqui (born in México City, July 23, 1921 – May 4, 2000, Mexico City [1]) served as Mexico's Secretary of Defense from 1982 to 1988.
Family
His parents were General Gustavo Arévalo and Magdalena Gardoqui. He had one brother, Gustavo Arévalo Gardoqui, who served as a federal deputy representing Baja California from 1961 to 1964. Arévalo married Maria del Carmen LaMadrid and had a son, Gustavo Arévalo Vera. [2]
Career
He began his military career in 1940 when he entered the Heroic Military College, graduating on June 30, 1943 as a 2nd Cavalry Lieutenant. He entered the Higher War College in 1947 and graduated three years later acquiring the status of officer of cadets. [2]
In his military career he held several important positions, among which stand out: General Director of Cavalry, Commander of the 1 / a. and 5 / a. Military Areas. [2]
He joined the PRI in 1957 and served as the head of security for Secretary Adolfo López Mateos during his successful presidential campaign in 1957. [3]
In 1982, he was appointed Secretary of National Defense, a position he held until November 30, 1988.
As Secretary of the branch, he supported the development of the military industry with the manufacture of new weapons, clothing and equipment and implemented the DN-III-E Plan for the Assistance of the civilian population in cases of disaster.
Corruption
In 1988, a Drug Enforcement Administration informant accused Arévalo of taking a $10 million bribe from drug trafficker Rafael Caro Quintero in return for protecting a 1,000-hectare (2,500-acre) marijuana plantation in Allende (Chihuahua). [4] In 1984, acting on information from the DEA, 450 Mexican soldiers backed by helicopters had destroyed the plantation. [5] [6] [7] [8] DEA Administrator John C. Lawn expressed skepticism about the claim and Arevalo was never formally investigated. [4]
In 1995, the U.S. Justice Department's prosecution of drug trafficker Juan Benito Castro revealed that in 1993, the DEA had intercepted 348 kilograms of cocaine that belonged to Arévalo. [9]
In 2014, three former police officers in the United States Federal Witness Protection Program accused Arévalo and Interior Secretary Manuel Bartlett of participation in the interrogation, torture, and murder of DEA Agent Kiki Camarena in 1985 as part of the Iran–Contra affair. [10]
References
- ^ "Murió ayer Juan Arévalo Gardoqui". El Universal. 2000-05-04. Retrieved 2019-07-21.
- ^ a b c Camp, Roderic Ai (2011). Mexican Political Biographies, 1935-2009. Austin, Texas: University of Texas Press. p. 60. ISBN 978-0-292-72634-5.
- ^ "Murió Juan Arévalo Gardoqui, titular de la Sedena con MMH". Jornada. 2000-05-05. Retrieved 2019-07-21.
- ^ a b "Informer Ties Top Mexican to Drug Deals". The Washington Post. 1988-06-04. Retrieved 2019-07-21.
- ^ "SE CUMPLEN 32 AÑOS DEL HISTÓRICO GOLPE AL NARCOTRAFICO EN BÚFALO". elmonitorparral.com.
- ^ Juárez, El Diario de. "Chihuahua: la huella de Caro Quintero - El Diario". El Diario de Juárez.
- ^ Gorman, Peter. "Big-time Smuggler's Blues" Archived 2012-04-05 at the Wayback Machine. Cannabis Culture. Thursday June 15, 2006.
- ^ Beith, Malcolm (2010). The Last Narco. New York, New York: Grove Press. p. 41. ISBN 978-0-8021-1952-0.
- ^ "Trading with the Enemy". LA Weekly. 1998-10-07. Retrieved 2019-07-21.
- ^ "Expolicías mexicanos exhiben a Bartlett y a Arévalo Gardoqui". Proceso. 2014-01-14. Retrieved 2019-07-21.