Johannine literature is the collection of
New Testament works that are traditionally attributed to
John the Apostle,
John the Evangelist, or to the
Johannine community.[1] They are usually dated to the period
c. AD 60–110, with a minority of scholars, including Anglican bishop
John Robinson, offering the earliest of these datings.
List
Johannine literature is traditionally considered to include the following works:[2]
Of these five books, the only one that explicitly
identifies its author as a "John" (
Ancient Greek: Ἰωάννης,
romanized: Iōannēs) is Revelation. Modern scholarship generally rejects the idea that this work is written by the same author as the other four documents.[3] The gospel identifies its author as the
disciple whom Jesus loved, commonly identified with
John the Evangelist since the end of the first century.[4]
Scholars have debated the
authorship of Johannine literature (the Gospel of John, Epistles of John, and the Book of Revelation) since at least the third century, but especially since the
Enlightenment. The authorship by
John the Apostle is rejected by many modern scholars.[5][6]
^Eusebius of Caesarea, Ecclesiastical History Book iii. Chapter xxiii.
^Harris, Stephen L. (1985). Understanding the Bible: a Reader's Introduction (2nd ed.). Palo Alto: Mayfield. p. 355.
ISBN978-0-87484-696-6. Although ancient traditions attributed to the Apostle John the Fourth Gospel, the Book of Revelation, and the three Epistles of John, modern scholars believe that he wrote none of them.
Johannine literature is the collection of
New Testament works that are traditionally attributed to
John the Apostle,
John the Evangelist, or to the
Johannine community.[1] They are usually dated to the period
c. AD 60–110, with a minority of scholars, including Anglican bishop
John Robinson, offering the earliest of these datings.
List
Johannine literature is traditionally considered to include the following works:[2]
Of these five books, the only one that explicitly
identifies its author as a "John" (
Ancient Greek: Ἰωάννης,
romanized: Iōannēs) is Revelation. Modern scholarship generally rejects the idea that this work is written by the same author as the other four documents.[3] The gospel identifies its author as the
disciple whom Jesus loved, commonly identified with
John the Evangelist since the end of the first century.[4]
Scholars have debated the
authorship of Johannine literature (the Gospel of John, Epistles of John, and the Book of Revelation) since at least the third century, but especially since the
Enlightenment. The authorship by
John the Apostle is rejected by many modern scholars.[5][6]
^Eusebius of Caesarea, Ecclesiastical History Book iii. Chapter xxiii.
^Harris, Stephen L. (1985). Understanding the Bible: a Reader's Introduction (2nd ed.). Palo Alto: Mayfield. p. 355.
ISBN978-0-87484-696-6. Although ancient traditions attributed to the Apostle John the Fourth Gospel, the Book of Revelation, and the three Epistles of John, modern scholars believe that he wrote none of them.