Jessie King | |
|---|---|
| Born | 27 March 1861 |
| Died | 11 March 1889 |
| Nationality | Scottish |
| Occupation(s) | Laundress and childminder |
| Known for | Convicted of infanticide. |
Jessie King (or Kean) (27 March 1861 - 11 March 1889) was a Scottish laundress and baby farmer in Edinburgh who was found guilty of murdering three children. She was the last woman to be hanged in Edinburgh. [1] [2]
In the years after her death, scholars have debated when King was actually guilty or not. [1]
Biography
King was born in Glasgow. She lived with Thomas Pearson, whom she met when she was pregnant out of wedlock and in poverty. [1] [2] Pearson was of the middle-class, and had left his wife and children. [2] He was an alcoholic. [1] [2] She had her own children, including a son named Thomas, [2] as well as adopted ones.
In October 1888, a group of people in Stockbridge found the body of an infant wrapped in oilskin in the street. [1] [2] King and Pearson were suspected by their neighbors, who noted that three of their adopted children had disappeared. [3] When their house was raided, a second dead infant, a baby girl named Violet, [3] was found in the house's coal closet. [1] King claimed she was guilty and that Pearson had not known about either of the children. [1] [2] She was arrested for the murder of three children, all of whom were the children of domestic servants or factory girls who had been adopted by King through newspaper ads. [1] [2] Authorities at the time suspected there may have been more murdered children. [3]
Shortly after her arrest, King recanted her confession, claiming the killings were Pearson's idea, although this was not accepted by the authorities. [1] Her Catholic confessor asked the Secretary of State to reconsider, although again this was not accepted. [1] [2] [3] According to that confession, Pearson had killed one of the children himself, and had directed King to do so in the other two cases. [2] [3]
King was kept in Calton Jail while awaiting trial. [3] She made several suicide attempts during this time. [3]
King's trial before the High Court in Edinburgh began in February 1889. [2] At her trial, Joseph Bell provided some medical expertise. [1] Pearson was granted immunity under the agreement that he testified against King. [1] King's mental health was assessed several times during the trial, but she ultimately deemed fit to be sentenced. [1] During the trial, the press presented King as a "fallen woman" who was irredeemably evil. [1] [2]
The jury deliberated for four minutes. [3] King was found guilty and hanged in Edinburgh on 11 March 1889. [1] [4] She was buried near what is now St. Andrew's House. [1] [2] Pearson died in Glasgow in 1890. [2]
Doubts of guilt
Some scholars[ who?] have suggested that Pearson was actually the killer of the children. [1] [2] The second child was found in a spot that King would not have been able to access, while another child was wrapped in Pearson's coat. [1] [2] Pearson's testimony was also vital to King's conviction. [1]
Additionally, modern scholars believe King may have suffered from some form of mental illness. [2] [3]
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Mackie, Rachel (March 25, 2023). "Edinburgh history: Jessie King was the last woman hanged in the Capital after being caught killing babies for money". Retrieved July 25, 2023.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q "Jessie King - the last woman executed in Edinburgh". BBC News. 2015-01-22. Retrieved 2023-07-25.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Welsh, Kaite (2021-06-22). "The Edinburgh 'baby farmer' whose game was given away by suspicious neighbours". EdinburghLive. Retrieved 2023-07-25.
- ^ Ewan, Elizabeth; Pipes, Rose; Rendall, Jane; Reynolds, Siân, eds. (2018). The new biographical dictionary of Scottish women. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-1-4744-3628-1.
Jessie King | |
|---|---|
| Born | 27 March 1861 |
| Died | 11 March 1889 |
| Nationality | Scottish |
| Occupation(s) | Laundress and childminder |
| Known for | Convicted of infanticide. |
Jessie King (or Kean) (27 March 1861 - 11 March 1889) was a Scottish laundress and baby farmer in Edinburgh who was found guilty of murdering three children. She was the last woman to be hanged in Edinburgh. [1] [2]
In the years after her death, scholars have debated when King was actually guilty or not. [1]
Biography
King was born in Glasgow. She lived with Thomas Pearson, whom she met when she was pregnant out of wedlock and in poverty. [1] [2] Pearson was of the middle-class, and had left his wife and children. [2] He was an alcoholic. [1] [2] She had her own children, including a son named Thomas, [2] as well as adopted ones.
In October 1888, a group of people in Stockbridge found the body of an infant wrapped in oilskin in the street. [1] [2] King and Pearson were suspected by their neighbors, who noted that three of their adopted children had disappeared. [3] When their house was raided, a second dead infant, a baby girl named Violet, [3] was found in the house's coal closet. [1] King claimed she was guilty and that Pearson had not known about either of the children. [1] [2] She was arrested for the murder of three children, all of whom were the children of domestic servants or factory girls who had been adopted by King through newspaper ads. [1] [2] Authorities at the time suspected there may have been more murdered children. [3]
Shortly after her arrest, King recanted her confession, claiming the killings were Pearson's idea, although this was not accepted by the authorities. [1] Her Catholic confessor asked the Secretary of State to reconsider, although again this was not accepted. [1] [2] [3] According to that confession, Pearson had killed one of the children himself, and had directed King to do so in the other two cases. [2] [3]
King was kept in Calton Jail while awaiting trial. [3] She made several suicide attempts during this time. [3]
King's trial before the High Court in Edinburgh began in February 1889. [2] At her trial, Joseph Bell provided some medical expertise. [1] Pearson was granted immunity under the agreement that he testified against King. [1] King's mental health was assessed several times during the trial, but she ultimately deemed fit to be sentenced. [1] During the trial, the press presented King as a "fallen woman" who was irredeemably evil. [1] [2]
The jury deliberated for four minutes. [3] King was found guilty and hanged in Edinburgh on 11 March 1889. [1] [4] She was buried near what is now St. Andrew's House. [1] [2] Pearson died in Glasgow in 1890. [2]
Doubts of guilt
Some scholars[ who?] have suggested that Pearson was actually the killer of the children. [1] [2] The second child was found in a spot that King would not have been able to access, while another child was wrapped in Pearson's coat. [1] [2] Pearson's testimony was also vital to King's conviction. [1]
Additionally, modern scholars believe King may have suffered from some form of mental illness. [2] [3]
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Mackie, Rachel (March 25, 2023). "Edinburgh history: Jessie King was the last woman hanged in the Capital after being caught killing babies for money". Retrieved July 25, 2023.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q "Jessie King - the last woman executed in Edinburgh". BBC News. 2015-01-22. Retrieved 2023-07-25.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Welsh, Kaite (2021-06-22). "The Edinburgh 'baby farmer' whose game was given away by suspicious neighbours". EdinburghLive. Retrieved 2023-07-25.
- ^ Ewan, Elizabeth; Pipes, Rose; Rendall, Jane; Reynolds, Siân, eds. (2018). The new biographical dictionary of Scottish women. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-1-4744-3628-1.