IEEE 802.11y-2008 is an amendment to the IEEE 802.11-2007 standard that enables data transfer equipment to operate using the 802.11a protocol on a co-primary basis in the 3650 to 3700 MHz band except when near a grandfathered satellite earth station. [1] IEEE 802.11y is only being allowed as a licensed band. It was approved for publication by the IEEE on September 26, 2008.
In June 2007 a "light licensing" scheme was introduced in 3650–3700 MHz band. [2] Licensees pay a small fee for a nationwide, non-exclusive license. They then pay an additional nominal fee for each high powered base station that they deploy. Neither the client devices (which may be fixed or mobile), nor their operators require a license, but these devices must receive an enabling signal from a licensed base station before transmitting. All stations must be identifiable in the event they cause interference to incumbent operators in the band. Further, there is a requirement that multiple licensees' devices are given the opportunity to transmit in the same area using a "contention based protocol" when possible. If interference between licensees, or the devices that they have enabled, cannot be mediated by technical means, licensees are required to resolve the dispute between themselves.
The 3650 MHz rules allow for registered stations to operate at much higher power than traditional Wi-Fi gear (Up to 20 watts equivalent isotropically radiated power). The combination of higher power limits and enhancements made to the MAC timing in 802.11-2007, will allow for the development of standards based 802.11 devices that could operate at distances of 5 kilometres (3 mi) or more.
IEEE 802.11y adds three new concepts to 802.11-2007 base Standard:
While the scope of 802.11y was limited to operation in the US 3650–3700 MHz band in the US, care was taken so that, if the light licensing concept was well received, it would not be necessary to start the 3+ year task group process in order for 802.11y devices to operate in other countries or in other frequency bands. As a result, lightly licensed 802.11 devices will be able to operate in any 5, 10, or 20 MHz channel that regulators make available by simply adding entries to the country and regulatory information tables in Annex I and J of 802.11.
Other potential bands for 802.11y include:
Frequency range, or type |
PHY | Protocol | Release date [15] |
Frequency | Bandwidth | Stream data rate [16] |
Allowable MIMO streams |
Modulation | Approximate range | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indoor | Outdoor | |||||||||||
(GHz) | (MHz) | (Mbit/s) | ||||||||||
1–7 GHz | DSSS
[17], |
802.11-1997 | June 1997 | 2.4 | 22 | 1, 2 | — |
DSSS, |
20 m (66 ft) | 100 m (330 ft) | ||
HR/DSSS [17] | 802.11b | September 1999 | 2.4 | 22 | 1, 2, 5.5, 11 | — | CCK, DSSS | 35 m (115 ft) | 140 m (460 ft) | |||
OFDM | 802.11a | September 1999 | 5 | 5, 10, 20 | 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, 54 (for 20 MHz bandwidth, divide by 2 and 4 for 10 and 5 MHz) |
— | OFDM | 35 m (115 ft) | 120 m (390 ft) | |||
802.11j | November 2004 | 4.9, 5.0 [B] [18] |
? | ? | ||||||||
802.11y | November 2008 | 3.7 [C] | ? | 5,000 m (16,000 ft) [C] | ||||||||
802.11p | July 2010 | 5.9 | 200 m | 1,000 m (3,300 ft) [19] | ||||||||
802.11bd | December 2022 | 5.9, 60 | 500 m | 1,000 m (3,300 ft) | ||||||||
ERP-OFDM [20] | 802.11g | June 2003 | 2.4 | 38 m (125 ft) | 140 m (460 ft) | |||||||
HT-OFDM [21] |
802.11n ( Wi-Fi 4) |
October 2009 | 2.4, 5 | 20 | Up to 288.8 [D] | 4 |
MIMO-OFDM (64- QAM) |
70 m (230 ft) | 250 m (820 ft) [22] | |||
40 | Up to 600 [D] | |||||||||||
VHT-OFDM [21] |
802.11ac ( Wi-Fi 5) |
December 2013 | 5 | 20 | Up to 693 [D] | 8 | DL MU-MIMO OFDM (256- QAM) |
35 m (115 ft) [23] | ? | |||
40 | Up to 1600 [D] | |||||||||||
80 | Up to 3467 [D] | |||||||||||
160 | Up to 6933 [D] | |||||||||||
HE-OFDMA |
802.11ax ( Wi-Fi 6, Wi-Fi 6E) |
May 2021 | 2.4, 5, 6 | 20 | Up to 1147 [E] | 8 | UL/DL MU-MIMO OFDMA (1024- QAM) |
30 m (98 ft) | 120 m (390 ft) [F] | |||
40 | Up to 2294 [E] | |||||||||||
80 | Up to 4804 [E] | |||||||||||
80+80 | Up to 9608 [E] | |||||||||||
EHT-OFDMA |
802.11be ( Wi-Fi 7) |
Dec 2024 ( est.) |
2.4, 5, 6 | 80 | Up to 11.5 Gbit/s [E] | 16 | UL/DL MU-MIMO OFDMA (4096- QAM) |
30 m (98 ft) | 120 m (390 ft) [F] | |||
160 (80+80) |
Up to 23 Gbit/s [E] | |||||||||||
240 (160+80) |
Up to 35 Gbit/s [E] | |||||||||||
320 (160+160) |
Up to 46.1 Gbit/s [E] | |||||||||||
UHR |
802.11bn ( Wi-Fi 8) |
May 2028 ( est.) |
2.4, 5, 6, 42, 60, 71 |
320 | Up to 100000 (100 Gbit/s) |
16 | Multi-link MU-MIMO OFDM (8192- QAM) |
? | ? | |||
WUR [G] | 802.11ba | October 2021 | 2.4, 5 | 4, 20 | 0.0625, 0.25 (62.5 kbit/s, 250 kbit/s) |
— | OOK (multi-carrier OOK) | ? | ? | |||
mmWave ( WiGig) |
DMG [24] | 802.11ad | December 2012 | 60 | 2160 (2.16 GHz) |
Up to 8085
[25] (8 Gbit/s) |
— | 3.3 m (11 ft) [26] | ? | |||
802.11aj | April 2018 | 60 [H] | 1080 [27] | Up to 3754 (3.75 Gbit/s) |
— | single carrier, low-power single carrier [A] | ? | ? | ||||
CMMG | 802.11aj | April 2018 | 45 [H] | 540, 1080 |
Up to 15015
[28] (15 Gbit/s) |
4 [29] | OFDM, single carrier | ? | ? | |||
EDMG [30] | 802.11ay | July 2021 | 60 | Up to 8640 (8.64 GHz) |
Up to 303336
[31] (303 Gbit/s) |
8 | OFDM, single carrier | 10 m (33 ft) | 100 m (328 ft) | |||
Sub 1 GHz ( IoT) | TVHT [32] | 802.11af | February 2014 |
0.054– 0.79 |
6, 7, 8 | Up to 568.9 [33] | 4 | MIMO-OFDM | ? | ? | ||
S1G [32] | 802.11ah | May 2017 | 0.7, 0.8, 0.9 |
1–16 | Up to 8.67
[34] (@2 MHz) |
4 | ? | ? | ||||
Light ( Li-Fi) |
LC ( VLC/ OWC) |
802.11bb | December 2023 ( est.) |
800–1000 nm | 20 | Up to 9.6 Gbit/s | — | O- OFDM | ? | ? | ||
( IrDA) |
802.11-1997 | June 1997 | 850–900 nm | ? | 1, 2 | — | ? | ? | ||||
802.11 Standard rollups | ||||||||||||
802.11-2007 (802.11ma) | March 2007 | 2.4, 5 | Up to 54 | DSSS, OFDM | ||||||||
802.11-2012 (802.11mb) | March 2012 | 2.4, 5 | Up to 150 [D] | DSSS, OFDM | ||||||||
802.11-2016 (802.11mc) | December 2016 | 2.4, 5, 60 | Up to 866.7 or 6757 [D] | DSSS, OFDM | ||||||||
802.11-2020 (802.11md) | December 2020 | 2.4, 5, 60 | Up to 866.7 or 6757 [D] | DSSS, OFDM | ||||||||
802.11me | September 2024 ( est.) |
2.4, 5, 6, 60 | Up to 9608 or 303336 | DSSS, OFDM | ||||||||
|
Additional requirements for the band 5600–5650 MHz: Until further notice, devices subject to this Section shall not be capable of transmitting in the band 5600–5650 MHz, so that Environment Canada weather radars operating in this band are protected.
IEEE 802.11y-2008 is an amendment to the IEEE 802.11-2007 standard that enables data transfer equipment to operate using the 802.11a protocol on a co-primary basis in the 3650 to 3700 MHz band except when near a grandfathered satellite earth station. [1] IEEE 802.11y is only being allowed as a licensed band. It was approved for publication by the IEEE on September 26, 2008.
In June 2007 a "light licensing" scheme was introduced in 3650–3700 MHz band. [2] Licensees pay a small fee for a nationwide, non-exclusive license. They then pay an additional nominal fee for each high powered base station that they deploy. Neither the client devices (which may be fixed or mobile), nor their operators require a license, but these devices must receive an enabling signal from a licensed base station before transmitting. All stations must be identifiable in the event they cause interference to incumbent operators in the band. Further, there is a requirement that multiple licensees' devices are given the opportunity to transmit in the same area using a "contention based protocol" when possible. If interference between licensees, or the devices that they have enabled, cannot be mediated by technical means, licensees are required to resolve the dispute between themselves.
The 3650 MHz rules allow for registered stations to operate at much higher power than traditional Wi-Fi gear (Up to 20 watts equivalent isotropically radiated power). The combination of higher power limits and enhancements made to the MAC timing in 802.11-2007, will allow for the development of standards based 802.11 devices that could operate at distances of 5 kilometres (3 mi) or more.
IEEE 802.11y adds three new concepts to 802.11-2007 base Standard:
While the scope of 802.11y was limited to operation in the US 3650–3700 MHz band in the US, care was taken so that, if the light licensing concept was well received, it would not be necessary to start the 3+ year task group process in order for 802.11y devices to operate in other countries or in other frequency bands. As a result, lightly licensed 802.11 devices will be able to operate in any 5, 10, or 20 MHz channel that regulators make available by simply adding entries to the country and regulatory information tables in Annex I and J of 802.11.
Other potential bands for 802.11y include:
Frequency range, or type |
PHY | Protocol | Release date [15] |
Frequency | Bandwidth | Stream data rate [16] |
Allowable MIMO streams |
Modulation | Approximate range | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indoor | Outdoor | |||||||||||
(GHz) | (MHz) | (Mbit/s) | ||||||||||
1–7 GHz | DSSS
[17], |
802.11-1997 | June 1997 | 2.4 | 22 | 1, 2 | — |
DSSS, |
20 m (66 ft) | 100 m (330 ft) | ||
HR/DSSS [17] | 802.11b | September 1999 | 2.4 | 22 | 1, 2, 5.5, 11 | — | CCK, DSSS | 35 m (115 ft) | 140 m (460 ft) | |||
OFDM | 802.11a | September 1999 | 5 | 5, 10, 20 | 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, 54 (for 20 MHz bandwidth, divide by 2 and 4 for 10 and 5 MHz) |
— | OFDM | 35 m (115 ft) | 120 m (390 ft) | |||
802.11j | November 2004 | 4.9, 5.0 [B] [18] |
? | ? | ||||||||
802.11y | November 2008 | 3.7 [C] | ? | 5,000 m (16,000 ft) [C] | ||||||||
802.11p | July 2010 | 5.9 | 200 m | 1,000 m (3,300 ft) [19] | ||||||||
802.11bd | December 2022 | 5.9, 60 | 500 m | 1,000 m (3,300 ft) | ||||||||
ERP-OFDM [20] | 802.11g | June 2003 | 2.4 | 38 m (125 ft) | 140 m (460 ft) | |||||||
HT-OFDM [21] |
802.11n ( Wi-Fi 4) |
October 2009 | 2.4, 5 | 20 | Up to 288.8 [D] | 4 |
MIMO-OFDM (64- QAM) |
70 m (230 ft) | 250 m (820 ft) [22] | |||
40 | Up to 600 [D] | |||||||||||
VHT-OFDM [21] |
802.11ac ( Wi-Fi 5) |
December 2013 | 5 | 20 | Up to 693 [D] | 8 | DL MU-MIMO OFDM (256- QAM) |
35 m (115 ft) [23] | ? | |||
40 | Up to 1600 [D] | |||||||||||
80 | Up to 3467 [D] | |||||||||||
160 | Up to 6933 [D] | |||||||||||
HE-OFDMA |
802.11ax ( Wi-Fi 6, Wi-Fi 6E) |
May 2021 | 2.4, 5, 6 | 20 | Up to 1147 [E] | 8 | UL/DL MU-MIMO OFDMA (1024- QAM) |
30 m (98 ft) | 120 m (390 ft) [F] | |||
40 | Up to 2294 [E] | |||||||||||
80 | Up to 4804 [E] | |||||||||||
80+80 | Up to 9608 [E] | |||||||||||
EHT-OFDMA |
802.11be ( Wi-Fi 7) |
Dec 2024 ( est.) |
2.4, 5, 6 | 80 | Up to 11.5 Gbit/s [E] | 16 | UL/DL MU-MIMO OFDMA (4096- QAM) |
30 m (98 ft) | 120 m (390 ft) [F] | |||
160 (80+80) |
Up to 23 Gbit/s [E] | |||||||||||
240 (160+80) |
Up to 35 Gbit/s [E] | |||||||||||
320 (160+160) |
Up to 46.1 Gbit/s [E] | |||||||||||
UHR |
802.11bn ( Wi-Fi 8) |
May 2028 ( est.) |
2.4, 5, 6, 42, 60, 71 |
320 | Up to 100000 (100 Gbit/s) |
16 | Multi-link MU-MIMO OFDM (8192- QAM) |
? | ? | |||
WUR [G] | 802.11ba | October 2021 | 2.4, 5 | 4, 20 | 0.0625, 0.25 (62.5 kbit/s, 250 kbit/s) |
— | OOK (multi-carrier OOK) | ? | ? | |||
mmWave ( WiGig) |
DMG [24] | 802.11ad | December 2012 | 60 | 2160 (2.16 GHz) |
Up to 8085
[25] (8 Gbit/s) |
— | 3.3 m (11 ft) [26] | ? | |||
802.11aj | April 2018 | 60 [H] | 1080 [27] | Up to 3754 (3.75 Gbit/s) |
— | single carrier, low-power single carrier [A] | ? | ? | ||||
CMMG | 802.11aj | April 2018 | 45 [H] | 540, 1080 |
Up to 15015
[28] (15 Gbit/s) |
4 [29] | OFDM, single carrier | ? | ? | |||
EDMG [30] | 802.11ay | July 2021 | 60 | Up to 8640 (8.64 GHz) |
Up to 303336
[31] (303 Gbit/s) |
8 | OFDM, single carrier | 10 m (33 ft) | 100 m (328 ft) | |||
Sub 1 GHz ( IoT) | TVHT [32] | 802.11af | February 2014 |
0.054– 0.79 |
6, 7, 8 | Up to 568.9 [33] | 4 | MIMO-OFDM | ? | ? | ||
S1G [32] | 802.11ah | May 2017 | 0.7, 0.8, 0.9 |
1–16 | Up to 8.67
[34] (@2 MHz) |
4 | ? | ? | ||||
Light ( Li-Fi) |
LC ( VLC/ OWC) |
802.11bb | December 2023 ( est.) |
800–1000 nm | 20 | Up to 9.6 Gbit/s | — | O- OFDM | ? | ? | ||
( IrDA) |
802.11-1997 | June 1997 | 850–900 nm | ? | 1, 2 | — | ? | ? | ||||
802.11 Standard rollups | ||||||||||||
802.11-2007 (802.11ma) | March 2007 | 2.4, 5 | Up to 54 | DSSS, OFDM | ||||||||
802.11-2012 (802.11mb) | March 2012 | 2.4, 5 | Up to 150 [D] | DSSS, OFDM | ||||||||
802.11-2016 (802.11mc) | December 2016 | 2.4, 5, 60 | Up to 866.7 or 6757 [D] | DSSS, OFDM | ||||||||
802.11-2020 (802.11md) | December 2020 | 2.4, 5, 60 | Up to 866.7 or 6757 [D] | DSSS, OFDM | ||||||||
802.11me | September 2024 ( est.) |
2.4, 5, 6, 60 | Up to 9608 or 303336 | DSSS, OFDM | ||||||||
|
Additional requirements for the band 5600–5650 MHz: Until further notice, devices subject to this Section shall not be capable of transmitting in the band 5600–5650 MHz, so that Environment Canada weather radars operating in this band are protected.