^
abcdefghijCurran, Charles Howard (1942).
"American Diptera"(PDF). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 80: 51–84. Retrieved 25 April 2020.
^Walker, Frances (1853). Diptera. Part IV, pp. 253-474, pls. 7-8. In [Saunders, W. W. (ed.)], Insecta Saundersiana: or characters of undescribed insects in the collection of William Wilson Sauders, Esq., F.R.S., F.L.S., &c. Vol. 1. London: Van Voorst. pp. 1–474.
^Wulp, F.M. van der (1888). "Fam. Muscidae [part]". Biologia Centrali-Americana. Insecta. Diptera. 2: 2–40.
^Rondani, C. (1863). Diptera exotica revisa et annotata. Novis non nullis descriptis. Modena: E. Soliani. pp. 1–99 pp., 1 pl.
^
abEngel, E.O. (1920). "Studien über neotropische Hystriciidae sensu B. et B. (Dipt.)". Zoologischer Jahrbucher (Syst. Georg. Biol. Tiere). 43: 273–328.
^
abcdefghijCurran, Charles Howard (1942).
"American Diptera"(PDF). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 80: 51–84. Retrieved 25 April 2020.
^Walker, Frances (1853). Diptera. Part IV, pp. 253-474, pls. 7-8. In [Saunders, W. W. (ed.)], Insecta Saundersiana: or characters of undescribed insects in the collection of William Wilson Sauders, Esq., F.R.S., F.L.S., &c. Vol. 1. London: Van Voorst. pp. 1–474.
^Wulp, F.M. van der (1888). "Fam. Muscidae [part]". Biologia Centrali-Americana. Insecta. Diptera. 2: 2–40.
^Rondani, C. (1863). Diptera exotica revisa et annotata. Novis non nullis descriptis. Modena: E. Soliani. pp. 1–99 pp., 1 pl.
^
abEngel, E.O. (1920). "Studien über neotropische Hystriciidae sensu B. et B. (Dipt.)". Zoologischer Jahrbucher (Syst. Georg. Biol. Tiere). 43: 273–328.