From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Hymnia ( Ancient Greek: Ὑμνία) was an epithet of the Greek goddess Artemis under which she was worshipped throughout Arcadia. She had a temple someplace between Orchomenus and Mantineia. We know from the geographer Pausanias that Orchomenus at least used to hold festivals in her honor. [1]

The priests and priestesses of Hymnia were at first always virgins who were to remain celibate in the priesthood. [2] They were also subject to high standards of propriety, such as being forbidden to enter into the home of a private individual. [3] This lifetime celibacy was fairly unusual for ancient Greek priesthoods. [4]

In the early 7th century BCE, after the king Aristocrates of Orchomenus raped one of the priestesses in the temple, [5] it was deemed that the priestess should always be a married woman, [6] or, according to some, an elderly woman, [7] or one who had simply ceased or had had "enough" sex with men. [8] [9]

The sanctuary of Artemis Hymnia is believed to have been near the modern town of Levidi, on the northern slope of Mt. Anchisia. [10] [11]

References

  1. ^ Perlman, Paula Jean (2000). "Theorodokoi (Type Two)". City and Sanctuary in Ancient Greece: The Theorodokia in the Peloponnese. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. p. 17. ISBN  9783525252185. Retrieved 2021-09-10.
  2. ^ Brulé, Pierre (2003). "The feminine and the sacred". Women of Ancient Greece. Edinburgh University Press. pp. 18–19. ISBN  9780748679843. Retrieved 2021-09-10.
  3. ^ Jevons, F. B. (2014). An Introduction to the History of Religion. Routledge Revivals. Routledge. ISBN  9781317600053. Retrieved 2021-09-10.
  4. ^ Dillon, Matthew (2003). Girls and Women in Classical Greek Religion. Taylor & Francis. p. 75. ISBN  9781134365098. Retrieved 2021-09-10.
  5. ^ Jevons, Frank Byron; Gardner, Percy (1895). A Manual of Greek Antiquities. Charles Scribner's Sons. p. 203. Retrieved 2021-09-10.
  6. ^ Pausanias, Description of Greece viii. 5. § 8, 12. § 3, 13. §§ 1,4.
  7. ^ Budin, Stephanie Lynn (2015). "Artemis and Women". Artemis. Taylor & Francis. p. 111. ISBN  9781317448884. Retrieved 2021-09-09.
  8. ^ Humphreys, David; de Montfaucon, Bernard (1725). The Supplement to Antiquity Explained, and Represented in Sculptures. Vol. 2. p. 136. Retrieved 2021-09-09.
  9. ^ Fant, Maureen B.; Lefkowitz, Mary R., eds. (2016). Women's Life in Greece and Rome: A Source Book in Translation. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 366. ISBN  9781472578495. Retrieved 2021-09-09.
  10. ^ Donohue, A. A. (2005). "The Statue from Levidhi". Greek Sculpture and the Problem of Description. Cambridge University Press. p. 124. ISBN  9780521840842. Retrieved 2021-09-10.
  11. ^ Pausanias (1897). Description of Greece, commentary by JG Frazer. Translated by James George, Frazer. Retrieved 2021-09-10.

 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain Schmitz, Leonhard (1870). "Hymnia". In Smith, William (ed.). Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology. Vol. 2. p. 537.

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Hymnia ( Ancient Greek: Ὑμνία) was an epithet of the Greek goddess Artemis under which she was worshipped throughout Arcadia. She had a temple someplace between Orchomenus and Mantineia. We know from the geographer Pausanias that Orchomenus at least used to hold festivals in her honor. [1]

The priests and priestesses of Hymnia were at first always virgins who were to remain celibate in the priesthood. [2] They were also subject to high standards of propriety, such as being forbidden to enter into the home of a private individual. [3] This lifetime celibacy was fairly unusual for ancient Greek priesthoods. [4]

In the early 7th century BCE, after the king Aristocrates of Orchomenus raped one of the priestesses in the temple, [5] it was deemed that the priestess should always be a married woman, [6] or, according to some, an elderly woman, [7] or one who had simply ceased or had had "enough" sex with men. [8] [9]

The sanctuary of Artemis Hymnia is believed to have been near the modern town of Levidi, on the northern slope of Mt. Anchisia. [10] [11]

References

  1. ^ Perlman, Paula Jean (2000). "Theorodokoi (Type Two)". City and Sanctuary in Ancient Greece: The Theorodokia in the Peloponnese. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. p. 17. ISBN  9783525252185. Retrieved 2021-09-10.
  2. ^ Brulé, Pierre (2003). "The feminine and the sacred". Women of Ancient Greece. Edinburgh University Press. pp. 18–19. ISBN  9780748679843. Retrieved 2021-09-10.
  3. ^ Jevons, F. B. (2014). An Introduction to the History of Religion. Routledge Revivals. Routledge. ISBN  9781317600053. Retrieved 2021-09-10.
  4. ^ Dillon, Matthew (2003). Girls and Women in Classical Greek Religion. Taylor & Francis. p. 75. ISBN  9781134365098. Retrieved 2021-09-10.
  5. ^ Jevons, Frank Byron; Gardner, Percy (1895). A Manual of Greek Antiquities. Charles Scribner's Sons. p. 203. Retrieved 2021-09-10.
  6. ^ Pausanias, Description of Greece viii. 5. § 8, 12. § 3, 13. §§ 1,4.
  7. ^ Budin, Stephanie Lynn (2015). "Artemis and Women". Artemis. Taylor & Francis. p. 111. ISBN  9781317448884. Retrieved 2021-09-09.
  8. ^ Humphreys, David; de Montfaucon, Bernard (1725). The Supplement to Antiquity Explained, and Represented in Sculptures. Vol. 2. p. 136. Retrieved 2021-09-09.
  9. ^ Fant, Maureen B.; Lefkowitz, Mary R., eds. (2016). Women's Life in Greece and Rome: A Source Book in Translation. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 366. ISBN  9781472578495. Retrieved 2021-09-09.
  10. ^ Donohue, A. A. (2005). "The Statue from Levidhi". Greek Sculpture and the Problem of Description. Cambridge University Press. p. 124. ISBN  9780521840842. Retrieved 2021-09-10.
  11. ^ Pausanias (1897). Description of Greece, commentary by JG Frazer. Translated by James George, Frazer. Retrieved 2021-09-10.

 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain Schmitz, Leonhard (1870). "Hymnia". In Smith, William (ed.). Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology. Vol. 2. p. 537.


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