Hisonotus is a
genus of
armored catfishes native to
South America.
Species of Hisonotus and Curculionichthys are the only representatives of the
subfamilyOtothyrinae having
serrae on the posterior edge of the
pectoral fin spine.[1] These species are small
fishes, generally found in small fast flowing streams, where they grasp to the branches and leaves of aquatic or subaquatic plants.[2] The species of this genus mostly occur in
Atlantic coastal streams of southern
Brazil and the
Paraguay-
Paraná system of
southern
South America.[3] They are also distributed in the
Río de La Plata basin and coastal rivers of southeastern Brazil.[2]
Taxonomy
Hisonotus and Microlepidogaster have, until recently, been considered as
synonymous, although they are now recognized as separate and valid
taxa.[4] In the most recent
phylogenetic hypotheses, both Hisonotus and Parotocinclus are relatively
basal taxa within the Otothyrini clade.[3]
Species
There are currently 34 recognized species in this genus:
^Silva, G.S.C., Roxo, F.F. & Oliveira, C. (2014): Hisonotus acuen, a new and phenotypically variable cascudinho (Siluriformes, Loricariidae, Hypoptopomatinae) from the upper rio Xingu basin, Brazil. ZooKeys, 442: 105–125.
^Roxo, F.F., Silva, G.S.C., Waltz, B.T. & Melo, J.E.G. (2016): A new species of Hisonotus (Siluriformes: Otothyrinae) from the upper rio Paraná and rio São Francisco basins, Brazil. Zootaxa, 4109 (2): 227–238.
^Roxo, F.F., Silva, G.S.C., Oliveira, C. & Zawadzki, C.H. (2013): Hisonotus bocaiuva, a new species from the rio São Francisco basin, Brazil (Teleostei: Loricariidae). Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 23 (4): 319-326.
^Carvalho, M. & Datovo, A. (2012): A New Species of Cascudinho of the Genus Hisonotus (Siluriformes: Loricariidae: Hypoptopomatinae) from the Upper Rio Tapajós Basin, Brazil. Copeia, 2012 (2): 266-275.
^Roxo, F F et al. "Hisonotus devidei, a new species from the São Francisco basin, Brazil (Siluriformes: Loricariidae)." Journal of fish biology vol. 92,6 (2018): 1687-1701. doi:10.1111/jfb.13599
^
abMartins, F.O. & Langeani, F. (2016): Redescription of Hisonotus notatus Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889 (Loricariidae: Hypoptopomatinae), the type species of the genus, and description of a new species from coastal drainages of southeastern Brazil. Neotropical Ichthyology, 14 (2): e150100.
^Zawadzki, C.H., Roxo, F.F. & da Graça, W.J. (2016): Hisonotus pachysarkos, a new species of cascudinho from the rio Ivaí basin, upper rio Paraná system, Brazil (Loricariidae: Otothyrinae). Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 26 (4): 373-384.
Hisonotus is a
genus of
armored catfishes native to
South America.
Species of Hisonotus and Curculionichthys are the only representatives of the
subfamilyOtothyrinae having
serrae on the posterior edge of the
pectoral fin spine.[1] These species are small
fishes, generally found in small fast flowing streams, where they grasp to the branches and leaves of aquatic or subaquatic plants.[2] The species of this genus mostly occur in
Atlantic coastal streams of southern
Brazil and the
Paraguay-
Paraná system of
southern
South America.[3] They are also distributed in the
Río de La Plata basin and coastal rivers of southeastern Brazil.[2]
Taxonomy
Hisonotus and Microlepidogaster have, until recently, been considered as
synonymous, although they are now recognized as separate and valid
taxa.[4] In the most recent
phylogenetic hypotheses, both Hisonotus and Parotocinclus are relatively
basal taxa within the Otothyrini clade.[3]
Species
There are currently 34 recognized species in this genus:
^Silva, G.S.C., Roxo, F.F. & Oliveira, C. (2014): Hisonotus acuen, a new and phenotypically variable cascudinho (Siluriformes, Loricariidae, Hypoptopomatinae) from the upper rio Xingu basin, Brazil. ZooKeys, 442: 105–125.
^Roxo, F.F., Silva, G.S.C., Waltz, B.T. & Melo, J.E.G. (2016): A new species of Hisonotus (Siluriformes: Otothyrinae) from the upper rio Paraná and rio São Francisco basins, Brazil. Zootaxa, 4109 (2): 227–238.
^Roxo, F.F., Silva, G.S.C., Oliveira, C. & Zawadzki, C.H. (2013): Hisonotus bocaiuva, a new species from the rio São Francisco basin, Brazil (Teleostei: Loricariidae). Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 23 (4): 319-326.
^Carvalho, M. & Datovo, A. (2012): A New Species of Cascudinho of the Genus Hisonotus (Siluriformes: Loricariidae: Hypoptopomatinae) from the Upper Rio Tapajós Basin, Brazil. Copeia, 2012 (2): 266-275.
^Roxo, F F et al. "Hisonotus devidei, a new species from the São Francisco basin, Brazil (Siluriformes: Loricariidae)." Journal of fish biology vol. 92,6 (2018): 1687-1701. doi:10.1111/jfb.13599
^
abMartins, F.O. & Langeani, F. (2016): Redescription of Hisonotus notatus Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889 (Loricariidae: Hypoptopomatinae), the type species of the genus, and description of a new species from coastal drainages of southeastern Brazil. Neotropical Ichthyology, 14 (2): e150100.
^Zawadzki, C.H., Roxo, F.F. & da Graça, W.J. (2016): Hisonotus pachysarkos, a new species of cascudinho from the rio Ivaí basin, upper rio Paraná system, Brazil (Loricariidae: Otothyrinae). Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 26 (4): 373-384.