HAPLOGROUP D-Z27276

Haplogroup D-Z27276
Haplogroup D-Z27276
Possible time of origin	30,000-40,000YBP
Possible place of origin	East Asia
Ancestor	（Grandparent） D
Descendants	D-M15, D-P99
Defining mutations	Z27276, Z27283, Z29263
Highest frequencies	Tibetans

Haplogroup D-Z27276 also known as Haplogroup D1a1 is a Y-chromosome haplogroup. It is one of two branches of Haplogroup D1, one of the descendants of Haplogroup D. The other is D-M55 which is only found in Japan.

This group is found in about 46.6% Tibetan people.^[2] It branched off D-M55 35,000-40,000 years before present or already 53,000 years before present.^[1]^[3]

One sample of a subgroup of D-Z27276 was also found among ancient samples of the Koban culture between Russia and Georgia.^[4]

Phylogenetic tree

By ISOGG tree（Version: 14.151）.^[5]

DE (YAP)
- D (CTS3946)
  - D1 (M174/Page30, IMS-JST021355, Haplogroup D-M174)
    - D1a (CTS11577)　
      - D1a1 (F6251/Z27276)
        D1a1a (M15)　 Tibet, Altai Republic, Mainland China
        D1a1a (F849)
        D1a1a1 (N1)
        D1a1a1a (Z27269)
        D1a1a1a1 (PH4979)
        D1a1a1a1a2 (F729)
        D1a1a1a1a2a (F17412)
        D-F17412* Tibetan ( Chamdo^[6]), Taiwan^[6]
        
        D-MF10280 Sichuan,^[6] Japan (Osaka)^[6]
        
        D1a1a1a1a2b (Y62194)
        D1a1a1a1a2b1 (F17409) Tibetan (Chamdo^[6]), Sichuan^[6]
        
        D1a1a1a1a2b2 (Y62517)
        D1a1a1a1a2b2a (F16077) Tibetan ( Shigatse,^[6] Shannan,^[6] Lhasa^[6])
        
        D1a1a1a1a2b2b (Y69263)
        D1a1a1a1a2b2b1 (Y161914) Tibetan (Chamdo^[6]), Zhejiang^[6]
        
        D1a1a1a1a2b2b2 (Y61759) Uzbekistan^[6]
        
        D1a1a1a2 (Z31591) Tibetan (Shigatse,^[6] Lhasa^[6])
        
        D1a1a2 (F1070) Guangdong,^[6] Xishuangbanna ( Dai)^[6]
        
        D1a1b (P99)　 Tibet, Mongol, Central Asia, Altai Republic, Mainland China
      - D1a2 (Z3660)
        D1a2a (M64.1/Page44.1, M55) 　 Japan（ Yamato people、 Ryukyuan people、 Ainu people）
        
        D1a2b (Y34637)　 Andaman Islands（ Onge people, Jarawa people）^[7]^[6]
    - D1b (L1378) 　 Philippines^[8]
  - D2 (A5580.2) 　 Nigeria, Saudi Arabia, African Americans in the United States, Syria^[9]^[10]

References

^ ^a ^b Shi, Hong; Zhong, Hua; Peng, Yi; Dong, Yong-li; Qi, Xue-bin; Zhang, Feng; Liu, Lu-Fang; Tan, Si-jie; Ma, Runlin Z; Xiao, Chun-Jie; Wells, R Spencer; Jin, Li; Su, Bing (October 29, 2008). "Y chromosome evidence of earliest modern human settlement in East Asia and multiple origins of Tibetan and Japanese populations". BMC Biology. 6. BioMed Central: 45. doi: 10.1186/1741-7007-6-45. PMC 2605740. PMID 18959782.
^ Michael F Hammer; Tatiana M Karafet; Hwayong Park; Keiichi Omoto; Shinji Harihara; Mark Stoneking; Satoshi Horai (2006). "Dual origins of the Japanese: common ground for hunter-gatherer and farmer Y chromosomes". Journal of Human Genetics. 51 (1): 47–58. doi: 10.1007/s10038-005-0322-0. PMID 16328082.
^ Mondal, Mayukh & Bergström, Anders & Xue, Yali & Calafell, Francesc & Laayouni, Hafid & Casals, Ferran & Majumder, Partha & Tyler-Smith, Chris & Bertranpetit, Jaume. (2017). Y-chromosomal sequences of diverse Indian populations and the ancestry of the Andamanese. Human Genetics. 136. 10.1007/s00439-017-1800-0.
^ Boulygina, Eugenia; Tsygankova, Svetlana; Sharko, Fedor; Slobodova, Natalia; Gruzdeva, Natalia; Rastorguev, Sergey; Belinsky, Andrej; Härke, Heinrich; Kadieva, Anna; Demidenko, Sergej; Shvedchikova, Tatiana (2020-06-01). "Mitochondrial and Y-chromosome diversity of the prehistoric Koban culture of the North Caucasus". Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports. 31: 102357. Bibcode: 2020JArSR..31j2357B. doi: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2020.102357. ISSN 2352-409X. S2CID 218789467.
^ "2019-2020 Haplogroup D Tree".
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q "D YTree". Archived from the original on 2019-08-31. Retrieved 2019-09-02.
^ Thangaraj K, Singh L, Reddy AG, Rao VR, Sehgal SC, Underhill PA, Pierson M, Frame IG, Hagelberg E (January 2003). "Genetic affinities of the Andaman Islanders, a vanishing human population". Current Biology. 13 (2): 86–93. doi: 10.1016/S0960-9822(02)01336-2. PMID 12546781. S2CID 12155496.
^ Y-DNA Haplogroup D and its Subclades - 2014
^ Tyler-Smith, Chris; Xue, Yali; Thomas, Mark G.; Yang, Huanming; Arciero, Elena; Asan; Connell, Bruce A.; Jones, Abigail L.; Haber, Marc (2019-06-13). "A Rare Deep-Rooting D0 African Y-Chromosomal Haplogroup and Its Implications for the Expansion of Modern Humans out of Africa". Genetics. 212 (4): 1421–1428. doi: 10.1534/genetics.119.302368. ISSN 0016-6731. PMC 6707464. PMID 31196864.
^ Estes, Roberta (2019-06-21). "Exciting New Y DNA Haplogroup D Discoveries!". DNAeXplained - Genetic Genealogy. Retrieved 2019-07-08.

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[shi-1] Shi, Hong; Zhong, Hua; Peng, Yi; Dong, Yong-li; Qi, Xue-bin; Zhang, Feng; Liu, Lu-Fang; Tan, Si-jie; Ma, Runlin Z; Xiao, Chun-Jie; Wells, R Spencer; Jin, Li; Su, Bing (October 29, 2008). "Y chromosome evidence of earliest modern human settlement in East Asia and multiple origins of Tibetan and Japanese populations". BMC Biology. 6. BioMed Central: 45. doi: 10.1186/1741-7007-6-45. PMC 2605740. PMID 18959782.

[Hammer2006-2] Michael F Hammer; Tatiana M Karafet; Hwayong Park; Keiichi Omoto; Shinji Harihara; Mark Stoneking; Satoshi Horai (2006). "Dual origins of the Japanese: common ground for hunter-gatherer and farmer Y chromosomes". Journal of Human Genetics. 51 (1): 47–58. doi: 10.1007/s10038-005-0322-0. PMID 16328082.

[3] Mondal, Mayukh & Bergström, Anders & Xue, Yali & Calafell, Francesc & Laayouni, Hafid & Casals, Ferran & Majumder, Partha & Tyler-Smith, Chris & Bertranpetit, Jaume. (2017). Y-chromosomal sequences of diverse Indian populations and the ancestry of the Andamanese. Human Genetics. 136. 10.1007/s00439-017-1800-0.

[:0-4] Boulygina, Eugenia; Tsygankova, Svetlana; Sharko, Fedor; Slobodova, Natalia; Gruzdeva, Natalia; Rastorguev, Sergey; Belinsky, Andrej; Härke, Heinrich; Kadieva, Anna; Demidenko, Sergej; Shvedchikova, Tatiana (2020-06-01). "Mitochondrial and Y-chromosome diversity of the prehistoric Koban culture of the North Caucasus". Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports. 31: 102357. Bibcode: 2020JArSR..31j2357B. doi: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2020.102357. ISSN 2352-409X. S2CID 218789467.

[5] "2019-2020 Haplogroup D Tree".

[YFull-6] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q "D YTree". Archived from the original on 2019-08-31. Retrieved 2019-09-02.

[pmid12546781-7] Thangaraj K, Singh L, Reddy AG, Rao VR, Sehgal SC, Underhill PA, Pierson M, Frame IG, Hagelberg E (January 2003). "Genetic affinities of the Andaman Islanders, a vanishing human population". Current Biology. 13 (2): 86–93. doi: 10.1016/S0960-9822(02)01336-2. PMID 12546781. S2CID 12155496.

[ISOGG2014-8] Y-DNA Haplogroup D and its Subclades - 2014

[9] Tyler-Smith, Chris; Xue, Yali; Thomas, Mark G.; Yang, Huanming; Arciero, Elena; Asan; Connell, Bruce A.; Jones, Abigail L.; Haber, Marc (2019-06-13). "A Rare Deep-Rooting D0 African Y-Chromosomal Haplogroup and Its Implications for the Expansion of Modern Humans out of Africa". Genetics. 212 (4): 1421–1428. doi: 10.1534/genetics.119.302368. ISSN 0016-6731. PMC 6707464. PMID 31196864.

[10] Estes, Roberta (2019-06-21). "Exciting New Y DNA Haplogroup D Discoveries!". DNAeXplained - Genetic Genealogy. Retrieved 2019-07-08.

[vanOven2014-11] Van Oven M, Van Geystelen A, Kayser M, Decorte R, Larmuseau HD (2014). "Seeing the wood for the trees: a minimal reference phylogeny for the human Y chromosome". Human Mutation. 35 (2): 187–91. doi: 10.1002/humu.22468. PMID 24166809. S2CID 23291764.

[ISOGG2015-12] International Society of Genetic Genealogy (ISOGG; 2015), Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree 2015. (Access date: 1 February 2015.)

[A0-T-13] Haplogroup A0-T is also known as A-L1085 (and previously as A0'1'2'3'4).

[A1-14] Haplogroup A1 is also known as A1'2'3'4.

[LT-15] Haplogroup LT (L298/P326) is also known as Haplogroup K1.

[K2-16] Between 2002 and 2008, Haplogroup T-M184 was known as "Haplogroup K2". That name has since been re-assigned to K-M526, the sibling of Haplogroup LT.

[K2a-17] Haplogroup K2a (M2308) and its primary subclade K-M2313 were separated from Haplogroup NO (F549) in 2016. (This followed the publication of: Poznik GD, Xue Y, Mendez FL, et al. (2016). "Punctuated bursts in human male demography inferred from 1,244 worldwide Y-chromosome sequences". Nature Genetics. 48 (6): 593–9. doi: 10.1038/ng.3559. PMC 4884158. PMID 27111036. In the past, other haplogroups, including NO (M214) and K2e had also been identified with the name "K2a".

[K2b-18] Haplogroup K2b (M1221/P331/PF5911) is also known as Haplogroup MPS.

[K2e-19] Haplogroup K2e (K-M147) was previously known as "Haplogroup X" and "K2a" (but is a sibling subclade of the present K2a).

[K-M2313-20] K-M2313*, which as yet has no phylogenetic name, has been documented in two living individuals, who have ethnic ties to India and South East Asia. In addition, K-Y28299, which appears to be a primary branch of K-M2313, has been found in three living individuals from India. See: Poznik op. cit.; YFull YTree v5.08, 2017, "K-M2335", and; PhyloTree, 2017, "Details of the Y-SNP markers included in the minimal Y tree" (Access date of these pages: 9 December 2017)

[K2b1-21] Haplogroup K2b1 (P397/P399) is also known as Haplogroup MS, but has a broader and more complex internal structure.

[P-22] Haplogroup P (P295) is also klnown as K2b2.

[S-23] Haplogroup S, as of 2017, is also known as K2b1a. (Previously the name Haplogroup S was assigned to K2b1a4.)

[M-24] Haplogroup M, as of 2017, is also known as K2b1b. (Previously the name Haplogroup M was assigned to K2b1d.)

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Phylogenetic tree

References

Phylogenetic tree

References

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Haplogroup D-Z27276
Possible time of origin	30,000-40,000YBP^[1]
Possible place of origin	East Asia
Ancestor	（Grandparent） D
Descendants	D-M15, D-P99
Defining mutations	Z27276, Z27283, Z29263
Highest frequencies	Tibetans