Gynomonoecy is defined as the presence of both female and hermaphrodite flowers on the same individual of a plant species. [1] It is prevalent in Asteraceae but is poorly understood. [2]
It is a monomorphic sexual system comparable with monoecy, andromonoecy and trimonoecy. [3]
This sexual system occurs in about 2.8% of flowering plants. [4] It is present in 3% of Silene species [5] and 23 families of flowering plants, but is most common in the daisy family, Asteraceae. [6] Of the approximately 23000 species in the Asteraceae [7]: 480 about 200 are gynomonoecious. [8]
Gynomonoecy may be an intermediate evolutionary state between monoecy and hermaphroditism. [9] It is also postulated to be the ancestor to trimonoecy. [3]
Gynomonecy evolved once in Hawaiian Tetramolopium. [10]
In families like Compositae or Chenopodiaceae, gynomonoecy is considered leading path to monoecy from hermaphroditism and vice versa. [11]
Gynomonoecy is defined as the presence of both female and hermaphrodite flowers on the same individual of a plant species. [1] It is prevalent in Asteraceae but is poorly understood. [2]
It is a monomorphic sexual system comparable with monoecy, andromonoecy and trimonoecy. [3]
This sexual system occurs in about 2.8% of flowering plants. [4] It is present in 3% of Silene species [5] and 23 families of flowering plants, but is most common in the daisy family, Asteraceae. [6] Of the approximately 23000 species in the Asteraceae [7]: 480 about 200 are gynomonoecious. [8]
Gynomonoecy may be an intermediate evolutionary state between monoecy and hermaphroditism. [9] It is also postulated to be the ancestor to trimonoecy. [3]
Gynomonecy evolved once in Hawaiian Tetramolopium. [10]
In families like Compositae or Chenopodiaceae, gynomonoecy is considered leading path to monoecy from hermaphroditism and vice versa. [11]