Gymnastic formation is a collective art based on
gymnastics expressed by 30 to 5000 figurants using only human bodies without instruments. It is commonly presented in Japanese schools as a part of
physical education curriculum. The expression of the collective beauty based on
force,
passion, and union of young men is much more important than the individual expression. It is a modality of
mass game.
In this moment, there is no unified English expression. In the
United States of America, journalists sometimes use the expression “
mass gymnastics” especially to represent annual festival of the
North Korea. However, this expression not always includes mounting, and therefore, it meaning is similar to
mass game. In the other English speaking countries, such as
Malaysia, it is called “gymnastic formation”. In
Japan, it is called "kumi-taisô", which means mounting gymnastics.
History
Basic performances of gymnastic formation are seen at the
wall painting of ancient
Egypt and ceramic art of ancient
China. In the
Middle Age of
Europe, it was exhibited in
Italy on the festivities. In the 19th century, gymnastic formation was performed in
Germany. In the beginning of the 20th century, in the
United States of America, some young women's groups performed it. In
Czechoslovakia (country name of that time), large-scale gymnastic formation of thousands of figurants was exhibited up to 1985. In
Japan, gymnastic formation of hundreds of participants is performed up to the present in annual sports festivals of schools and colleges, and is a standard part of the
Soka Gakkai athletic and cultural activities. Up to the end of the 20th century, gymnastic formation was practiced in many organizations around the world. However, in the 21st century large-scale gymnastics became less exhibited. Today, it is seem in limited countries and territories, such as
Hong Kong,
Malaysia,
Singapore,
Brazil,
Philippines, and
North Korea. The former five are in civil events (with majority being Soka events) and the latter is a national governmental event.
Performance
Gymnastic formation has general objective of demonstration of force, passion, and union of the participants and not a modality to dispute championship. General flow is from small-light mounting to large-heavy mounting. The performance of the
NGOs, such as the
Soka Gakkai International (SGI), is widely variable, such as, bi-dimensional wave, sky rocket, windmill, walking wall, walking pyramid, catapult, instantaneous stand-up pyramid, instantaneous stand-up tower, three-layers' plane tower, four-layers' tower, and rarely five-layers' tower. The six-layers' tower that stood up in Osaka, Japan, in 1982 was indexed on the
Guinness Book.
United States
In United States, gymnastic formation are mainly performed as part of
cheerleading. School or college cheerleading are performed students. Club cheerleading and professional cheerleading are performed by people belonging to the club or team.
Japan
It is called "kumi-taisô". In Japanese schools, gymnastic formation are performed as part of
physical education events. Toward that end, they practice in PE classes. Students wear gym clothes designated by the school to participate.
Gallery
SGI
Gymnastic formation performance by the Brazil
SGI members, Niterói, State of Rio de Janeiro, in October, 2009.
Walking wall. Performance of the Brazil SGI team at Rio de Janeiro, on October 30, 2011
5 units of four layers' instantaneous standing-up pyramid. Performance of the Brazil, SGI team at Rio de Janeiro, on October 30, 2011.
4 units of three layers' towers and 1 unit of four layers' tower by the Brazil SGI team at Rio de Janeiro, on October 30, 2011.
United States
Gymnastics formation by cheerleaders at school in United States.
Gymnastics performed as part of cheerleading at high school in United States.
Japan
Gymnastics performed at a Field Day at a public elementary school in Japan
Gymnastics performed by elementary school students in Japan
Brazil
Training of the Formation 2, at Niteroi, State of
Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil in November, 2010.
5 men's fan, during the training on September 4, 2011, at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Gymnastic formation is a collective art based on
gymnastics expressed by 30 to 5000 figurants using only human bodies without instruments. It is commonly presented in Japanese schools as a part of
physical education curriculum. The expression of the collective beauty based on
force,
passion, and union of young men is much more important than the individual expression. It is a modality of
mass game.
In this moment, there is no unified English expression. In the
United States of America, journalists sometimes use the expression “
mass gymnastics” especially to represent annual festival of the
North Korea. However, this expression not always includes mounting, and therefore, it meaning is similar to
mass game. In the other English speaking countries, such as
Malaysia, it is called “gymnastic formation”. In
Japan, it is called "kumi-taisô", which means mounting gymnastics.
History
Basic performances of gymnastic formation are seen at the
wall painting of ancient
Egypt and ceramic art of ancient
China. In the
Middle Age of
Europe, it was exhibited in
Italy on the festivities. In the 19th century, gymnastic formation was performed in
Germany. In the beginning of the 20th century, in the
United States of America, some young women's groups performed it. In
Czechoslovakia (country name of that time), large-scale gymnastic formation of thousands of figurants was exhibited up to 1985. In
Japan, gymnastic formation of hundreds of participants is performed up to the present in annual sports festivals of schools and colleges, and is a standard part of the
Soka Gakkai athletic and cultural activities. Up to the end of the 20th century, gymnastic formation was practiced in many organizations around the world. However, in the 21st century large-scale gymnastics became less exhibited. Today, it is seem in limited countries and territories, such as
Hong Kong,
Malaysia,
Singapore,
Brazil,
Philippines, and
North Korea. The former five are in civil events (with majority being Soka events) and the latter is a national governmental event.
Performance
Gymnastic formation has general objective of demonstration of force, passion, and union of the participants and not a modality to dispute championship. General flow is from small-light mounting to large-heavy mounting. The performance of the
NGOs, such as the
Soka Gakkai International (SGI), is widely variable, such as, bi-dimensional wave, sky rocket, windmill, walking wall, walking pyramid, catapult, instantaneous stand-up pyramid, instantaneous stand-up tower, three-layers' plane tower, four-layers' tower, and rarely five-layers' tower. The six-layers' tower that stood up in Osaka, Japan, in 1982 was indexed on the
Guinness Book.
United States
In United States, gymnastic formation are mainly performed as part of
cheerleading. School or college cheerleading are performed students. Club cheerleading and professional cheerleading are performed by people belonging to the club or team.
Japan
It is called "kumi-taisô". In Japanese schools, gymnastic formation are performed as part of
physical education events. Toward that end, they practice in PE classes. Students wear gym clothes designated by the school to participate.
Gallery
SGI
Gymnastic formation performance by the Brazil
SGI members, Niterói, State of Rio de Janeiro, in October, 2009.
Walking wall. Performance of the Brazil SGI team at Rio de Janeiro, on October 30, 2011
5 units of four layers' instantaneous standing-up pyramid. Performance of the Brazil, SGI team at Rio de Janeiro, on October 30, 2011.
4 units of three layers' towers and 1 unit of four layers' tower by the Brazil SGI team at Rio de Janeiro, on October 30, 2011.
United States
Gymnastics formation by cheerleaders at school in United States.
Gymnastics performed as part of cheerleading at high school in United States.
Japan
Gymnastics performed at a Field Day at a public elementary school in Japan
Gymnastics performed by elementary school students in Japan
Brazil
Training of the Formation 2, at Niteroi, State of
Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil in November, 2010.
5 men's fan, during the training on September 4, 2011, at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.