Golden tanager | |
---|---|
At Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Aves |
Order: | Passeriformes |
Family: | Thraupidae |
Genus: | Tangara |
Species: | T. arthus
|
Binomial name | |
Tangara arthus
Lesson, R, 1832
| |
Range of the nominate subspecies | |
Range of the other subspecies |
The golden tanager (Tangara arthus) is a species of bird in the family Thraupidae. It is widespread and often common in highland forests of the Andes (from Bolivia and northwards) and Venezuelan Coastal Range in north-western South America.
Its plumage is overall golden-yellow with black to the back, wings, tail and ear-coverts. Some subspecies are partially/largely brown below.
The golden tanager was first described as Tangara Arthus by René Lesson in 1840 on the basis of a specimen from Caracas, Venezuela. [2] [3] The generic name Tangara comes from the Tupí word tangara, meaning dancer. The specific name arthus is in honor of Arthus Bertrand, a French bookseller. [4] Golden tanager is the official common name designated by the International Ornithologists' Union (IOC). [5] Other names for the species include "chestnut-breasted tanager". [6]
The golden tanager is one of 27 species in the genus Tangara. Within the genus, it is part of a species group with the blue-whiskered tanager, green-and-gold tanager, emerald tanager, silver-throated tanager, saffron-crowned tanager, golden-eared tanager, and flame-faced tanager. In the group, it is sister to a clade formed by the emerald and silver-throated tanagers. This placement is supported by mitochondrial DNA evidence. [7] The following cladogram shows phylogenetic relationships within the species group based on the above study: [8]
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There are nine recognized subspecies of the golden tanager. [5] The subspecies are differentiated by differences in their appearance and their distribution. [7] All the subspecies excluding arthus are sometimes separated into a distinct species, Tangara aurulenta, on the basis of differences in plumage. [9]
The golden tanager is found in the Venezuelan Coastal Range in Venezuela and in the Andes in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia at elevations of 700–2,500 m (2,300–8,200 ft), but is most common at elevations of 1,000–1,500 m (3,300–4,900 ft). It inhabits humid montane evergreen forest, as well as forest edges and nearby secondary growth. [7]
The nominate subspecies of the golden tanager is listed as being a species of least concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) on the IUCN Red List because of its large range, relative commonness, and lack of a sufficiently rapid decline in population. [10] The other subspecies, which are considered to be a distinct species by the IUCN, are also listed as being of least concern for the above reasons. [11] However, the population of the golden tanager is decreasing, and it is threatened by habitat destruction. [10] [11]
{{
cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
link)
Media related to Tangara arthus at Wikimedia Commons
Golden tanager | |
---|---|
At Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Aves |
Order: | Passeriformes |
Family: | Thraupidae |
Genus: | Tangara |
Species: | T. arthus
|
Binomial name | |
Tangara arthus
Lesson, R, 1832
| |
Range of the nominate subspecies | |
Range of the other subspecies |
The golden tanager (Tangara arthus) is a species of bird in the family Thraupidae. It is widespread and often common in highland forests of the Andes (from Bolivia and northwards) and Venezuelan Coastal Range in north-western South America.
Its plumage is overall golden-yellow with black to the back, wings, tail and ear-coverts. Some subspecies are partially/largely brown below.
The golden tanager was first described as Tangara Arthus by René Lesson in 1840 on the basis of a specimen from Caracas, Venezuela. [2] [3] The generic name Tangara comes from the Tupí word tangara, meaning dancer. The specific name arthus is in honor of Arthus Bertrand, a French bookseller. [4] Golden tanager is the official common name designated by the International Ornithologists' Union (IOC). [5] Other names for the species include "chestnut-breasted tanager". [6]
The golden tanager is one of 27 species in the genus Tangara. Within the genus, it is part of a species group with the blue-whiskered tanager, green-and-gold tanager, emerald tanager, silver-throated tanager, saffron-crowned tanager, golden-eared tanager, and flame-faced tanager. In the group, it is sister to a clade formed by the emerald and silver-throated tanagers. This placement is supported by mitochondrial DNA evidence. [7] The following cladogram shows phylogenetic relationships within the species group based on the above study: [8]
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
There are nine recognized subspecies of the golden tanager. [5] The subspecies are differentiated by differences in their appearance and their distribution. [7] All the subspecies excluding arthus are sometimes separated into a distinct species, Tangara aurulenta, on the basis of differences in plumage. [9]
The golden tanager is found in the Venezuelan Coastal Range in Venezuela and in the Andes in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia at elevations of 700–2,500 m (2,300–8,200 ft), but is most common at elevations of 1,000–1,500 m (3,300–4,900 ft). It inhabits humid montane evergreen forest, as well as forest edges and nearby secondary growth. [7]
The nominate subspecies of the golden tanager is listed as being a species of least concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) on the IUCN Red List because of its large range, relative commonness, and lack of a sufficiently rapid decline in population. [10] The other subspecies, which are considered to be a distinct species by the IUCN, are also listed as being of least concern for the above reasons. [11] However, the population of the golden tanager is decreasing, and it is threatened by habitat destruction. [10] [11]
{{
cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
link)
Media related to Tangara arthus at Wikimedia Commons