A GlanâFoucault prism (also called a Glanâair prism) is a type of prism which is used as a polarizer. It is similar in construction to a GlanâThompson prism, except that two right-angled calcite prisms are spaced with an air gap instead of being cemented together. [1] Total internal reflection of p- polarized light at the air gap means that only s-polarized light is transmitted straight through the prism.
Compared to the GlanâThompson prism, the GlanâFoucault has a narrower acceptance angle over which it works, but because it uses an air gap rather than cement, much higher irradiances can be used without damage. The prism can thus be used with laser beams. The prism is also shorter (for a given usable aperture) than the GlanâThompson design, and the deflection angle of the rejected beam can be made close to 90°, which is sometimes useful. GlanâFoucault prisms are not typically used as polarizing beamsplitters because while the transmitted beam is completely polarized, the reflected beam is not.
The GlanâTaylor prism is similar, except that the crystal axes and transmitted polarization direction are orthogonal to the GlanâFoucault design. This yields higher transmission and better polarization of the reflected light. [2] Calcite GlanâFoucault prisms are now rarely used, having been mostly replaced by GlanâTaylor polarizers and other more recent designs.
Yttrium orthovanadate (YVO4) prisms based on the GlanâFoucault design have superior polarization of the reflected beam and higher damage threshold, compared with calcite GlanâFoucault and GlanâTaylor prisms. [3] YVO4 prisms are more expensive, however, and can accept beams over a very limited range of angles of incidence.
A GlanâFoucault prism (also called a Glanâair prism) is a type of prism which is used as a polarizer. It is similar in construction to a GlanâThompson prism, except that two right-angled calcite prisms are spaced with an air gap instead of being cemented together. [1] Total internal reflection of p- polarized light at the air gap means that only s-polarized light is transmitted straight through the prism.
Compared to the GlanâThompson prism, the GlanâFoucault has a narrower acceptance angle over which it works, but because it uses an air gap rather than cement, much higher irradiances can be used without damage. The prism can thus be used with laser beams. The prism is also shorter (for a given usable aperture) than the GlanâThompson design, and the deflection angle of the rejected beam can be made close to 90°, which is sometimes useful. GlanâFoucault prisms are not typically used as polarizing beamsplitters because while the transmitted beam is completely polarized, the reflected beam is not.
The GlanâTaylor prism is similar, except that the crystal axes and transmitted polarization direction are orthogonal to the GlanâFoucault design. This yields higher transmission and better polarization of the reflected light. [2] Calcite GlanâFoucault prisms are now rarely used, having been mostly replaced by GlanâTaylor polarizers and other more recent designs.
Yttrium orthovanadate (YVO4) prisms based on the GlanâFoucault design have superior polarization of the reflected beam and higher damage threshold, compared with calcite GlanâFoucault and GlanâTaylor prisms. [3] YVO4 prisms are more expensive, however, and can accept beams over a very limited range of angles of incidence.