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DescriptionElection observers.png |
English: Source: state laws and
https://www.ncsl.org/elections-and-campaigns/policies-for-election-observers |
Date | |
Source | Own work |
Author | Numbersinstitute |
Laws | Logic & accuracy tests | Counting | Public at audits & recounts? | Other observing outside polling places |
---|---|---|---|---|
Alabama Code §§17-11-11, 17-8-7, 17-16-21, 17-24-7; Ala. Admin. Code r. 307-X-1-.04, r. 820-2-10-.17, r. 307-X-1-.11 | Public | |||
Alaska Stat. §15.10.170; 6 AAC 25.010, 25.020 | Partisans | |||
Arizona Rev. Stat. §§16-449, 16-590, 16-621, 16-602(B), 16-643; 2019 Elections Procedures Manual 2019 | Public | Public @ central count | All at count center. Webcam of storage | |
Arkansas Code §§7-5-312, 7-5-603, 7-5-416, 7-4-105(b) | Public | Public | recounts | canvass |
California Elec. Code §§2301, 15004, 15301, 15104, 15204, 15360, 15629; Election Observations Rights and Responsibilities, California Secretary of State, rev. Sept 2022 | Public | Public | Audits + recounts | Public |
Colorado Rev. Stat. §§1-7-509(2), 1-7-108; 8 CCR 1505-1 | Public | Partisans & media. others discretionary | part of audit | discretionary |
Connecticut Gen. Stat. §§9-244, 9-235, 9-236, 9-242b; Procedure Manual for Counting Absentee Ballots, Secretary of the State of Connecticut, rev. 7/2013 | Public | Public @ central count | audits & recounts | |
Delaware Code, Title 15, §§ 5008A, 4933, 4913, 5510A, 5611, 4977, 5701, 5012A | Public | Partisans | opening VBM | |
District of Columbia Mun. Regs. §§3-706, 3-801.2, 3-816.6; D.C. Code Ann. §1-1001.09a | Public | Counts discretionary | Audits. Recounts if space | |
Florida Stat. Title IX §§101.5612, 101.58, 101.131, 101.5614, 101.5614, 101.591, §102.166(3) | Public | Partisans: voting systems | Audits, Recounts | Storage |
Georgia Code §§ 21-2-374, 21-2-379.6, 21-2-379.25, 21-2-413 (f), 21-2-408(d), 21-2-406, 21-2-414(b), § 21-2-483(b), 21-2-498, Rule 183-1-15-.03 | Public | Public | Audits + recounts | Public |
Hawaii Rev. Stat. §§ 16-42, 11-132, 16-47, 16-45, 16-24 | Partisans | Public | ||
Idaho Stat. §§34-2416, 34-2304 | Partisans | Partisans | Recounts | Partisans @ preparation |
Illinois 10 ILCS 5/24A-9, 5/24B-9, 5/24C-9, 5/17-23, 5/19A-60, 5/19-10, 5/19-10, 5/19-7, 5/17-23, 5/24A-1 | Public | Partisans + civic organizations | Partisans + civic organizations @ audit | Partisans + civic organizations @ signature verification |
Indiana Code 3-11-13-23, 3-6-8-1, 3-6-10-1, 3-6-8-7, 3-11-8-15, 3-11.5-3, 3-11.7-4, 3-12-6-21, 3-12-11-17, 3-12-3.5-8 | Public | Public | Audit + local recounts | Decisions on provisionals |
Iowa Code §§52.35, 49.104, 49.104, 50.1A, 50.46, 50.51; Iowa Admin. Code 721—26.106 | Public | Public | Recounts, partisans @ audits | Canvass |
Kansas Stat. §§25-4411, 25-3005, 25-3005a, 25-3005, 25-3009, 25-3107; 2019 Kansas Election Standards Chapter II | Public | Most | Audits, recounts | Most |
Kentucky Rev. Stat. §§117.165, 117.235, 117.315, 117.085, 117.275, 117.305 | Public | Partisans | Recanvass | |
Louisiana LRS 18:1373, 18:435, 18:427, 18:1313, 18:1453; Poll Watchers Booklet, rev. 6/22 | Public | Qualified voters | Recounts | Qualified voters |
Maine 21-A M.R.S.A. §§854, 627, 759, 695, 737-A | Public | Public | Partisans @ recount | Partisans @ absentee ballot processing |
Maryland Election Law Code Ann. § 10-311, 10-308, 10-301.1, 10-314, 11-202, 11-309; COMAR 33.07.07, 33.12.03.02 ; Maryland State Board of Elections Instructions and Information for Challengers, Watchers, and Other Election Observers, rev. June 1, 2022 | Public | Public | Audits + recounts | verification +certification |
Massachusetts Gen. Law Ann. ch. 54 §§94, 109A; 950 CMR §§54.00, 54.04(22), 54.05(1), 46.00; Secretary of the Commonwealth Elections Division, Election Advisory #20-10 Regarding Election Observers; Election Recounts, Secretary of the Commonwealth, p.5 | Public | Public | Audits + recounts | Opne absentee ballots |
Michigan M.C.L.A. §§ 168.798, 168.730, 168.733, 168.765a, 168.730, 168.874; State of Michigan Secretary of State, The Appointment, Rights, and Duties of Election Challengers and Poll Watchers, rev. May 2022; Michigan Department of State, Post-Election Audit Manual | Public | Public | Audits + recounts | |
Minnesota Stat. Ann. §§206.83, 204C.06, 204C.07, 203B.212(5), 204C.07, 206.85, 206.86, 204C.07; Minn. Admin. Rules 8235.0600; conversation with state election director in 2016 and 2020. | Public | Public | Audits + recounts | |
Mississippi Code Ann. §§ 23-15-521 lat, 23-15-577 polling place, 23-15-581 close polls+count, § 23-15-523 counting center. also https://www.sos.ms.gov/content/documents/Elections/Poll%20Watcher%20Conduct.pdf | Public | Public | ||
Missouri Rev. Stat. §§ 115.233, 115.409, 115.105, 115.107, 115.601; 15 CSR 30-10.110 | Public | Partisans | Audits, people who asked for recount | |
Montana Code Ann. §§13-17-212, 12-12-121, 12-12-121, 13-13-241, 13-15-101, 13-13-241, 12-12-120, 13-17-506, 13-16-411 | Public | Public | Audits + recounts | Processing absentee ballots |
Nebraska Rev. Stat. §§32-1013, 32-1115, 32-1525 | Not specified. | Not specified. | Not specified. | Not specified. |
Nevada Rev. Stat. §§293.274, 293.385, 293B.330, 293B.335, 293.363, 293B.353, 293B.380; Nev. Admin. Code 293.245, 293.311, 293.255 | Public @ central count | Audits | Preparation of absentee ballots, transport of completed ballots | |
New Hampshire Rev. Stat. Ann. 656:42, 666.4, 659:63, 659:49, 659:50, 660:4, 666:5, 654:7-c; New Hampshire Secretary of State Election Procedure Manual: 2022-2023 | Public | Public (all done at polling places) | Recounts | Most |
New Jersey NJSA 19:53A-8, 19:48-6, 19:15-8, 19:7-5, 19:6-28, 19:61-9, 19:28-3 | Public | Public | Audits + recounts | Canvass |
New Mexico Stat. Ann. §§1-1-3.2, 1-2-25, 1-2-29, §1-2-25(6), 1-2-31, 1-2-32, 1-14-13.2; NMAC 1.10.12.11; New Mexico Secretary of State Election Challengers, Watchers & Observers Information | With permission | Audits +recounts with permission | Partisans + others with permission @ canvass | |
New York Election Law §§ 7–207, 8–500, 8–506, 9–102, 9–209, 9–211 | Partisans @ audits | Partisans: ballot envelopes +canvass | ||
North Carolina N.C.G.S. §§ 163-165.7, 163-166.3, 163-45, 163-48, 163-227.6, 163-234, 163-166.10, 163-182.2(3), 163-182.7; 08 NCAC 04 .0307, 08 NCAC 10B .0105; North Carolina Board of Elections, Tips for Monitoring or Observing the Election at Polling Sites | Public | Public | Recounts | |
North Dakota NDCC § 16.1-05-09 | Observers | Observers @ recounts | ||
Ohio Rev. Code §§ 3506.14, 3505.21, 3505.21, 3509.06, 3505.21, 3505.331(C), 3515.04; Ohio Secretary of State Election Official Manual, rev. 2/2022 | Public | Partisans | Partisans @ audits + recounts | Partisans @ prepping absentee ballots + canvass |
Oklahoma Stat. §§26-9-115, 26-7-130, 26-7-130, 26-7-112, 26-14-123, 26-7-130, 26-8-113, 26-8-114 | Partisans | Partisans | Candidate or representative @ recount | Prep absentee ballots |
Oregon Rev. Stat. §§ 254.525, 254.482, 254.532, 258.211; Oregon Secretary of State, Vote by Mail Procedures Manual, rev. 9/2022 | Public | Public | Audits, recounts | Public except confidential processes |
Pennsylvania 25 P.S. §§ 3031.10, 3011, 2687, 3146.8, 2650 | Partisans | Partisans @ recounts | Partisans @ prep of equipment, absentee opening, canvass | |
Rhode Island R.I.G.L. § 17-19-14, 17-19-22, 17-22-2, 17-19-37.4; Rhode Island Board of Elections, Guide to Election Recounts, rev. 11/2020 | Public | Public | Partisans @ absentee opening | |
South Carolina Code Ann. §§7-13-1390, 7-13-860, 7-13-35; South Carolina Election Commission, Poll Managers Handbook, rev. September 2022 | Public | Public | Examining absentee envelopes, canvass | |
South Dakota S.D.C.L. §§ 12-17B-5, 12-18-9, 12-19-44; SDLRC 5:02:19:04 | Public | Public | Recount | |
Tennessee Code Ann. §§ 2-7-104, 2-20-103 | Partisans + state residents appointed in writing by organization | Public @ audits | ||
Texas Election Code §§127.096, 129.023, 33.059, 61.001, 61.003, 33.001 – 33.061 | Public | Partisans | Partisans @ securing equipment + ballot board process | |
Utah UCA 20A-3a-801, 20A-4-303 | Public | Registered voters | Registered voters @ audits + recounts | Public @ canvass. Registered voters @ ballot processing |
Vermont 17 V.S.A. §§ 2493, 2564, 2546a, 2581, 2602c | Public | Public | Recounts | Absentee processing |
Virginia Code Ann. §§ 24.2-633 (LAT), 24.2-604.5 (neutral reps), 24.2-604.4 (party+cand reps), 24.2-671 (electoral bd mtg), 24.2-802.1 (recount) | Partisans | Partisans + others authorized by local office | Partisans + others authorized by local office @ audits + recounts | Canvass |
Washington RCW 29A.40.100, 29A.60.170, 29A.12.130, 29A.64.041 | Public | Public | Partisans + others authorized by local office @ audits + recounts | |
West Virginia Code §§3-4A-26, 3-1-37, 3-4A-27, 3-6-9, 3-4A-28; WV State Rules 153-20-6.2 | Public | Public | Audits + recounts | Canvass |
Wisconsin Stat. §§ 5.84, 7.41, 6.88, 7.52, 7.51, 7.60, 9.01(3) | Public | Public | Audits + recounts | Canvass |
Wyoming Stat. Ann. §§ 22-10-108, 22-11-104, 22-15-109 | Partisans |
Click on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time.
Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
current | 23:35, 16 September 2023 |
![]() | 4,176 × 3,976 (918 KB) | Numbersinstitute | Removed part of label dealing with "How to observe" |
22:37, 16 September 2023 |
![]() | 4,176 × 3,976 (932 KB) | Numbersinstitute | Uploaded own work with UploadWizard |
This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create or digitize it.
If the file has been modified from its original state, some details may not fully reflect the modified file.
Horizontal resolution | 47.24 dpc |
---|---|
Vertical resolution | 47.24 dpc |
Original file (4,176 × 3,976 pixels, file size: 918 KB, MIME type: image/png)
![]() | This is a file from the
Wikimedia Commons. Information from its
description page there is shown below. Commons is a freely licensed media file repository. You can help. |
DescriptionElection observers.png |
English: Source: state laws and
https://www.ncsl.org/elections-and-campaigns/policies-for-election-observers |
Date | |
Source | Own work |
Author | Numbersinstitute |
Laws | Logic & accuracy tests | Counting | Public at audits & recounts? | Other observing outside polling places |
---|---|---|---|---|
Alabama Code §§17-11-11, 17-8-7, 17-16-21, 17-24-7; Ala. Admin. Code r. 307-X-1-.04, r. 820-2-10-.17, r. 307-X-1-.11 | Public | |||
Alaska Stat. §15.10.170; 6 AAC 25.010, 25.020 | Partisans | |||
Arizona Rev. Stat. §§16-449, 16-590, 16-621, 16-602(B), 16-643; 2019 Elections Procedures Manual 2019 | Public | Public @ central count | All at count center. Webcam of storage | |
Arkansas Code §§7-5-312, 7-5-603, 7-5-416, 7-4-105(b) | Public | Public | recounts | canvass |
California Elec. Code §§2301, 15004, 15301, 15104, 15204, 15360, 15629; Election Observations Rights and Responsibilities, California Secretary of State, rev. Sept 2022 | Public | Public | Audits + recounts | Public |
Colorado Rev. Stat. §§1-7-509(2), 1-7-108; 8 CCR 1505-1 | Public | Partisans & media. others discretionary | part of audit | discretionary |
Connecticut Gen. Stat. §§9-244, 9-235, 9-236, 9-242b; Procedure Manual for Counting Absentee Ballots, Secretary of the State of Connecticut, rev. 7/2013 | Public | Public @ central count | audits & recounts | |
Delaware Code, Title 15, §§ 5008A, 4933, 4913, 5510A, 5611, 4977, 5701, 5012A | Public | Partisans | opening VBM | |
District of Columbia Mun. Regs. §§3-706, 3-801.2, 3-816.6; D.C. Code Ann. §1-1001.09a | Public | Counts discretionary | Audits. Recounts if space | |
Florida Stat. Title IX §§101.5612, 101.58, 101.131, 101.5614, 101.5614, 101.591, §102.166(3) | Public | Partisans: voting systems | Audits, Recounts | Storage |
Georgia Code §§ 21-2-374, 21-2-379.6, 21-2-379.25, 21-2-413 (f), 21-2-408(d), 21-2-406, 21-2-414(b), § 21-2-483(b), 21-2-498, Rule 183-1-15-.03 | Public | Public | Audits + recounts | Public |
Hawaii Rev. Stat. §§ 16-42, 11-132, 16-47, 16-45, 16-24 | Partisans | Public | ||
Idaho Stat. §§34-2416, 34-2304 | Partisans | Partisans | Recounts | Partisans @ preparation |
Illinois 10 ILCS 5/24A-9, 5/24B-9, 5/24C-9, 5/17-23, 5/19A-60, 5/19-10, 5/19-10, 5/19-7, 5/17-23, 5/24A-1 | Public | Partisans + civic organizations | Partisans + civic organizations @ audit | Partisans + civic organizations @ signature verification |
Indiana Code 3-11-13-23, 3-6-8-1, 3-6-10-1, 3-6-8-7, 3-11-8-15, 3-11.5-3, 3-11.7-4, 3-12-6-21, 3-12-11-17, 3-12-3.5-8 | Public | Public | Audit + local recounts | Decisions on provisionals |
Iowa Code §§52.35, 49.104, 49.104, 50.1A, 50.46, 50.51; Iowa Admin. Code 721—26.106 | Public | Public | Recounts, partisans @ audits | Canvass |
Kansas Stat. §§25-4411, 25-3005, 25-3005a, 25-3005, 25-3009, 25-3107; 2019 Kansas Election Standards Chapter II | Public | Most | Audits, recounts | Most |
Kentucky Rev. Stat. §§117.165, 117.235, 117.315, 117.085, 117.275, 117.305 | Public | Partisans | Recanvass | |
Louisiana LRS 18:1373, 18:435, 18:427, 18:1313, 18:1453; Poll Watchers Booklet, rev. 6/22 | Public | Qualified voters | Recounts | Qualified voters |
Maine 21-A M.R.S.A. §§854, 627, 759, 695, 737-A | Public | Public | Partisans @ recount | Partisans @ absentee ballot processing |
Maryland Election Law Code Ann. § 10-311, 10-308, 10-301.1, 10-314, 11-202, 11-309; COMAR 33.07.07, 33.12.03.02 ; Maryland State Board of Elections Instructions and Information for Challengers, Watchers, and Other Election Observers, rev. June 1, 2022 | Public | Public | Audits + recounts | verification +certification |
Massachusetts Gen. Law Ann. ch. 54 §§94, 109A; 950 CMR §§54.00, 54.04(22), 54.05(1), 46.00; Secretary of the Commonwealth Elections Division, Election Advisory #20-10 Regarding Election Observers; Election Recounts, Secretary of the Commonwealth, p.5 | Public | Public | Audits + recounts | Opne absentee ballots |
Michigan M.C.L.A. §§ 168.798, 168.730, 168.733, 168.765a, 168.730, 168.874; State of Michigan Secretary of State, The Appointment, Rights, and Duties of Election Challengers and Poll Watchers, rev. May 2022; Michigan Department of State, Post-Election Audit Manual | Public | Public | Audits + recounts | |
Minnesota Stat. Ann. §§206.83, 204C.06, 204C.07, 203B.212(5), 204C.07, 206.85, 206.86, 204C.07; Minn. Admin. Rules 8235.0600; conversation with state election director in 2016 and 2020. | Public | Public | Audits + recounts | |
Mississippi Code Ann. §§ 23-15-521 lat, 23-15-577 polling place, 23-15-581 close polls+count, § 23-15-523 counting center. also https://www.sos.ms.gov/content/documents/Elections/Poll%20Watcher%20Conduct.pdf | Public | Public | ||
Missouri Rev. Stat. §§ 115.233, 115.409, 115.105, 115.107, 115.601; 15 CSR 30-10.110 | Public | Partisans | Audits, people who asked for recount | |
Montana Code Ann. §§13-17-212, 12-12-121, 12-12-121, 13-13-241, 13-15-101, 13-13-241, 12-12-120, 13-17-506, 13-16-411 | Public | Public | Audits + recounts | Processing absentee ballots |
Nebraska Rev. Stat. §§32-1013, 32-1115, 32-1525 | Not specified. | Not specified. | Not specified. | Not specified. |
Nevada Rev. Stat. §§293.274, 293.385, 293B.330, 293B.335, 293.363, 293B.353, 293B.380; Nev. Admin. Code 293.245, 293.311, 293.255 | Public @ central count | Audits | Preparation of absentee ballots, transport of completed ballots | |
New Hampshire Rev. Stat. Ann. 656:42, 666.4, 659:63, 659:49, 659:50, 660:4, 666:5, 654:7-c; New Hampshire Secretary of State Election Procedure Manual: 2022-2023 | Public | Public (all done at polling places) | Recounts | Most |
New Jersey NJSA 19:53A-8, 19:48-6, 19:15-8, 19:7-5, 19:6-28, 19:61-9, 19:28-3 | Public | Public | Audits + recounts | Canvass |
New Mexico Stat. Ann. §§1-1-3.2, 1-2-25, 1-2-29, §1-2-25(6), 1-2-31, 1-2-32, 1-14-13.2; NMAC 1.10.12.11; New Mexico Secretary of State Election Challengers, Watchers & Observers Information | With permission | Audits +recounts with permission | Partisans + others with permission @ canvass | |
New York Election Law §§ 7–207, 8–500, 8–506, 9–102, 9–209, 9–211 | Partisans @ audits | Partisans: ballot envelopes +canvass | ||
North Carolina N.C.G.S. §§ 163-165.7, 163-166.3, 163-45, 163-48, 163-227.6, 163-234, 163-166.10, 163-182.2(3), 163-182.7; 08 NCAC 04 .0307, 08 NCAC 10B .0105; North Carolina Board of Elections, Tips for Monitoring or Observing the Election at Polling Sites | Public | Public | Recounts | |
North Dakota NDCC § 16.1-05-09 | Observers | Observers @ recounts | ||
Ohio Rev. Code §§ 3506.14, 3505.21, 3505.21, 3509.06, 3505.21, 3505.331(C), 3515.04; Ohio Secretary of State Election Official Manual, rev. 2/2022 | Public | Partisans | Partisans @ audits + recounts | Partisans @ prepping absentee ballots + canvass |
Oklahoma Stat. §§26-9-115, 26-7-130, 26-7-130, 26-7-112, 26-14-123, 26-7-130, 26-8-113, 26-8-114 | Partisans | Partisans | Candidate or representative @ recount | Prep absentee ballots |
Oregon Rev. Stat. §§ 254.525, 254.482, 254.532, 258.211; Oregon Secretary of State, Vote by Mail Procedures Manual, rev. 9/2022 | Public | Public | Audits, recounts | Public except confidential processes |
Pennsylvania 25 P.S. §§ 3031.10, 3011, 2687, 3146.8, 2650 | Partisans | Partisans @ recounts | Partisans @ prep of equipment, absentee opening, canvass | |
Rhode Island R.I.G.L. § 17-19-14, 17-19-22, 17-22-2, 17-19-37.4; Rhode Island Board of Elections, Guide to Election Recounts, rev. 11/2020 | Public | Public | Partisans @ absentee opening | |
South Carolina Code Ann. §§7-13-1390, 7-13-860, 7-13-35; South Carolina Election Commission, Poll Managers Handbook, rev. September 2022 | Public | Public | Examining absentee envelopes, canvass | |
South Dakota S.D.C.L. §§ 12-17B-5, 12-18-9, 12-19-44; SDLRC 5:02:19:04 | Public | Public | Recount | |
Tennessee Code Ann. §§ 2-7-104, 2-20-103 | Partisans + state residents appointed in writing by organization | Public @ audits | ||
Texas Election Code §§127.096, 129.023, 33.059, 61.001, 61.003, 33.001 – 33.061 | Public | Partisans | Partisans @ securing equipment + ballot board process | |
Utah UCA 20A-3a-801, 20A-4-303 | Public | Registered voters | Registered voters @ audits + recounts | Public @ canvass. Registered voters @ ballot processing |
Vermont 17 V.S.A. §§ 2493, 2564, 2546a, 2581, 2602c | Public | Public | Recounts | Absentee processing |
Virginia Code Ann. §§ 24.2-633 (LAT), 24.2-604.5 (neutral reps), 24.2-604.4 (party+cand reps), 24.2-671 (electoral bd mtg), 24.2-802.1 (recount) | Partisans | Partisans + others authorized by local office | Partisans + others authorized by local office @ audits + recounts | Canvass |
Washington RCW 29A.40.100, 29A.60.170, 29A.12.130, 29A.64.041 | Public | Public | Partisans + others authorized by local office @ audits + recounts | |
West Virginia Code §§3-4A-26, 3-1-37, 3-4A-27, 3-6-9, 3-4A-28; WV State Rules 153-20-6.2 | Public | Public | Audits + recounts | Canvass |
Wisconsin Stat. §§ 5.84, 7.41, 6.88, 7.52, 7.51, 7.60, 9.01(3) | Public | Public | Audits + recounts | Canvass |
Wyoming Stat. Ann. §§ 22-10-108, 22-11-104, 22-15-109 | Partisans |
Click on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time.
Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
current | 23:35, 16 September 2023 |
![]() | 4,176 × 3,976 (918 KB) | Numbersinstitute | Removed part of label dealing with "How to observe" |
22:37, 16 September 2023 |
![]() | 4,176 × 3,976 (932 KB) | Numbersinstitute | Uploaded own work with UploadWizard |
This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create or digitize it.
If the file has been modified from its original state, some details may not fully reflect the modified file.
Horizontal resolution | 47.24 dpc |
---|---|
Vertical resolution | 47.24 dpc |