Robert J. Marks II | |
---|---|
![]() Marks in 2016 | |
Born |
West Virginia, United States | August 25, 1950
Alma mater | |
Known for | |
Scientific career | |
Fields | |
Institutions | |
Thesis | Space-variant coherent optical processing (1977) |
Doctoral advisor | J.F. Walkup |
Robert Jackson Marks II (born August 25, 1950) is an American electrical engineer, computer scientist and Distinguished Professor at Baylor University. His contributions include the Zhao-Atlas-Marks (ZAM) time-frequency distribution in the field of signal processing, [1] the Cheung–Marks theorem [2] in Shannon sampling theory and the Papoulis-Marks-Cheung (PMC) approach in multidimensional sampling. [3] He was instrumental in the defining of the field of computational intelligence and co-edited the first book using computational intelligence in the title. [4] [5] A Christian [6] and an old earth creationist, [7] he is a subject of the 2008 pro- intelligent design motion picture, Expelled: No Intelligence Allowed.
Marks has received his bachelor's and master's degrees from Rose–Hulman Institute of Technology in 1972 and 1973, respectively. [8] During his doctoral studies at Texas Tech University, he was supervised by J.F. Walkup; his dissertation focused on optical signal processing. [9] He obtained his Ph.D. degree in 1977. [8]
Marks is a Distinguished Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Baylor University and serves as the Director of the Walter Bradley Center for Natural and Artificial Intelligence. [10] From 1977 to 2003, he was on the faculty of the University of Washington in Seattle. He was the first president of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Neural Networks Council (now the IEEE Computational Intelligence Society). [11] He is a Fellow of the IEEE [12] [8] and the Optical Society of America. [8] [13]
Marks is a researcher in the area of electrical engineering. [14]
"Marks, Wise, Haldeman and Whited have derived exact expressions for the test statistic distribution functions, and thus were able to analyze the performance of the optimal detector for given values of signal strength and sample size." [21]
"[The ZAMGTFR [ZAMD] has advantage over most of the other TFRs under conditions of low SNR and some characteristic features are easy to be extracted from the 2-D time-frequency plane." [32]
"The ZAM-TFD [ZAMD] has been shown to be effective in tracking frequency hopping signals and representing signals in the presence of white noise." [33]
"The Zhao–Atlas–Marks distribution produces a good resolution in time and frequency domains. The ZAMD method reduces the interference resulting from the cross-terms present in multi-component signals. It is useful in resolving close spectral peaks and capturing non-stationary and multi-component signals." [34]
"[T]he Zhao-Atlas-Marks time-frequency distribution ... significantly enhances the time and frequency resolution and eliminates all undesirable cross terms. // The ZAM distribution has been applied to speech with remarkable results." [35]
"[Their diagnostic test performs] detection and localization of shorted turns in the DC field winding of turbine-generator rotors using novelty detection and fuzzified neural networks. Use of neural networks with fuzzy logic outputs and traveling wave techniques ... is an accurate locator of shorted turns in turbo-generator rotors." [44]
"Marks and Cheung focused on images with a given spectral support region and an initial base sampling lattice such that the induced spectral replicas of this support region do not overlap. They then showed that cosets of some sublattice could be removed from the base lattice until the sampling density was minimal (in the Landau sense) or approached minimal ... [This] allows the sampling rate to be reduced until it equals or approaches the Landau minimum." [3]
"[Their] very interesting multidimensional construction ... exploit[s] the [required] spectral gaps that occur when sampling multidimensional signals. Their approach is to slice the spectrum into narrow bands, and handle separately those bands which contain signal energy and those which do not." [54]
"While many problems in optics can be solved by projections, it is difficult to solve such problems using all-optical methods. A notable exception is Marks' all-optical implementations of the convex projection algorithm for implementing super-resolution." [57]
In 2006 Marks hired William Dembski as a part-time post-doctoral researcher; Dembski is an intelligent design proponent and former Baylor staff member at the heart of a previous intelligent design controversy at Baylor over the Michael Polanyi Center's promotion of intelligent design, which had been resolved when Baylor disbanded that center in 2000. Dembski's position in Marks' lab was funded by a $30,000 gift from the Lifeworks Foundation; the gift went through the university's development department and not its academic grant administration. Dembski's role was stated in the gift documents. Marks said that he kept Dembksi's presence quiet. By December 2006 Dembski's university position had been brought to the university administration's attention, and the university returned the unspent funds and terminated Dembski's position. [58]
Marks created a website to describe the work that he and Dembski were doing, which the website described as happening at the "Evolutionary Informatics Lab" at Baylor. In the summer of 2007 that website was called to the attention of the Baylor administration after Marks discussed that work on a podcast hosted by Casey Luskin of the Discovery Institute, and the university administration shut the website down. [58] Marks challenged the removal. [58] [59] [60] The site was reposted to a server outside of Baylor. [59]
The dispute over the website was covered in the 2008 pro-intelligent design film Expelled: No Intelligence Allowed. [61]
Marks served as the faculty adviser to the University of Washington's chapter of Campus Crusade for Christ for seventeen years. He has presented his talk "What Does Calculus Have to Do with Christianity?" [62] in Poland, Japan, Canada, Russia, and the United States. [8]
Marks has made science-oriented Christian apologetics presentations. [63] Venues include Poland, Japan, Moscow, Canada, and Siberia. [8]
Robert J. Marks II | |
---|---|
![]() Marks in 2016 | |
Born |
West Virginia, United States | August 25, 1950
Alma mater | |
Known for | |
Scientific career | |
Fields | |
Institutions | |
Thesis | Space-variant coherent optical processing (1977) |
Doctoral advisor | J.F. Walkup |
Robert Jackson Marks II (born August 25, 1950) is an American electrical engineer, computer scientist and Distinguished Professor at Baylor University. His contributions include the Zhao-Atlas-Marks (ZAM) time-frequency distribution in the field of signal processing, [1] the Cheung–Marks theorem [2] in Shannon sampling theory and the Papoulis-Marks-Cheung (PMC) approach in multidimensional sampling. [3] He was instrumental in the defining of the field of computational intelligence and co-edited the first book using computational intelligence in the title. [4] [5] A Christian [6] and an old earth creationist, [7] he is a subject of the 2008 pro- intelligent design motion picture, Expelled: No Intelligence Allowed.
Marks has received his bachelor's and master's degrees from Rose–Hulman Institute of Technology in 1972 and 1973, respectively. [8] During his doctoral studies at Texas Tech University, he was supervised by J.F. Walkup; his dissertation focused on optical signal processing. [9] He obtained his Ph.D. degree in 1977. [8]
Marks is a Distinguished Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Baylor University and serves as the Director of the Walter Bradley Center for Natural and Artificial Intelligence. [10] From 1977 to 2003, he was on the faculty of the University of Washington in Seattle. He was the first president of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Neural Networks Council (now the IEEE Computational Intelligence Society). [11] He is a Fellow of the IEEE [12] [8] and the Optical Society of America. [8] [13]
Marks is a researcher in the area of electrical engineering. [14]
"Marks, Wise, Haldeman and Whited have derived exact expressions for the test statistic distribution functions, and thus were able to analyze the performance of the optimal detector for given values of signal strength and sample size." [21]
"[The ZAMGTFR [ZAMD] has advantage over most of the other TFRs under conditions of low SNR and some characteristic features are easy to be extracted from the 2-D time-frequency plane." [32]
"The ZAM-TFD [ZAMD] has been shown to be effective in tracking frequency hopping signals and representing signals in the presence of white noise." [33]
"The Zhao–Atlas–Marks distribution produces a good resolution in time and frequency domains. The ZAMD method reduces the interference resulting from the cross-terms present in multi-component signals. It is useful in resolving close spectral peaks and capturing non-stationary and multi-component signals." [34]
"[T]he Zhao-Atlas-Marks time-frequency distribution ... significantly enhances the time and frequency resolution and eliminates all undesirable cross terms. // The ZAM distribution has been applied to speech with remarkable results." [35]
"[Their diagnostic test performs] detection and localization of shorted turns in the DC field winding of turbine-generator rotors using novelty detection and fuzzified neural networks. Use of neural networks with fuzzy logic outputs and traveling wave techniques ... is an accurate locator of shorted turns in turbo-generator rotors." [44]
"Marks and Cheung focused on images with a given spectral support region and an initial base sampling lattice such that the induced spectral replicas of this support region do not overlap. They then showed that cosets of some sublattice could be removed from the base lattice until the sampling density was minimal (in the Landau sense) or approached minimal ... [This] allows the sampling rate to be reduced until it equals or approaches the Landau minimum." [3]
"[Their] very interesting multidimensional construction ... exploit[s] the [required] spectral gaps that occur when sampling multidimensional signals. Their approach is to slice the spectrum into narrow bands, and handle separately those bands which contain signal energy and those which do not." [54]
"While many problems in optics can be solved by projections, it is difficult to solve such problems using all-optical methods. A notable exception is Marks' all-optical implementations of the convex projection algorithm for implementing super-resolution." [57]
In 2006 Marks hired William Dembski as a part-time post-doctoral researcher; Dembski is an intelligent design proponent and former Baylor staff member at the heart of a previous intelligent design controversy at Baylor over the Michael Polanyi Center's promotion of intelligent design, which had been resolved when Baylor disbanded that center in 2000. Dembski's position in Marks' lab was funded by a $30,000 gift from the Lifeworks Foundation; the gift went through the university's development department and not its academic grant administration. Dembski's role was stated in the gift documents. Marks said that he kept Dembksi's presence quiet. By December 2006 Dembski's university position had been brought to the university administration's attention, and the university returned the unspent funds and terminated Dembski's position. [58]
Marks created a website to describe the work that he and Dembski were doing, which the website described as happening at the "Evolutionary Informatics Lab" at Baylor. In the summer of 2007 that website was called to the attention of the Baylor administration after Marks discussed that work on a podcast hosted by Casey Luskin of the Discovery Institute, and the university administration shut the website down. [58] Marks challenged the removal. [58] [59] [60] The site was reposted to a server outside of Baylor. [59]
The dispute over the website was covered in the 2008 pro-intelligent design film Expelled: No Intelligence Allowed. [61]
Marks served as the faculty adviser to the University of Washington's chapter of Campus Crusade for Christ for seventeen years. He has presented his talk "What Does Calculus Have to Do with Christianity?" [62] in Poland, Japan, Canada, Russia, and the United States. [8]
Marks has made science-oriented Christian apologetics presentations. [63] Venues include Poland, Japan, Moscow, Canada, and Siberia. [8]