| Euaresta | |
|---|---|
| |
| Euaresta aequalis | |
Scientific classification
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Diptera |
| Family: | Tephritidae |
| Subfamily: | Tephritinae |
| Tribe: | Tephritini |
| Genus: |
Euaresta Loew, 1873 [1] |
| Type species | |
|
Trypeta festiva Loew, 1872
[1]
| |
| Synonyms | |
Euaresta is a genus of flies in the family Tephritidae that live in plants of the closely related genera Ambrosia, Xanthium, and Dicoria, and feed on their flowers and seeds. [4] [5] [6]
The 15 species of Euaresta are endemic to the Americas, eight being native to North America and seven to South America. Only one specimen has been collected in Central America ( E. toba in El Salvador), and one or two species occur in the Antilles. [4]
Euaresta bullans has been introduced, perhaps accidentally, from South America to California and Arizona, southern Europe, the Middle East, South Africa and Australia, where it attacks spiny cocklebur ( Xanthium spinosum). E. aequalis has been introduced to Fiji and Australia, to act as a biological control agent of common cocklebur ( Xanthium strumarium). E. bella was released in Europe to control ragweed ( Ambrosia artemisiifolia), but did not become established there. [4]
Species
Fifteen species are recognised in the genus Euaresta: [4]
|
|
References
- ^ a b c d e Loew, Hermann (1873). "Monographs of the Diptera of North America. Part III". Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections. 11: vii + 351 +XIII pp., 4 pls. Retrieved 26 January 2021.
- ^ Hendel, Friedrich (1914). "Die Gattungen der Bohrfliegen. (Analytische Ubersicht aller bisher bekannten Gattungen der Tephritinae.)". Wiener Entomologische Zeitung. 33: 73–98. Retrieved 8 February 2021.
- ^ Benjamin, F.H. (1934). "Descriptions of some native trypetid flies with notes on their habits". Technical Bulletin, United States Department of Agriculture. 401: 1–95.
- ^ a b c d Allen L. Norrbom (January 26, 2001). "Euaresta Loew (Diptera: Tephritidae)". The Diptera Site. Agricultural Research Service. Archived from the original on July 9, 2010. Retrieved July 31, 2010.
- ^ Norrbom, A.L.; Carroll, L.E.; Thompson, F.C.; White, I.M; Freidberg, A. (1999). "Systematic Database of Names. Pp. 65-252. In Thompson, F. C. (ed.), Fruit Fly Expert Identification System and Systematic Information Database". Myia. 9: vii + 524.
- ^ Foote, Richard H.; Blanc, P.L.; Norrbom, Allen L. (1993). Handbook of the Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) of America North of Mexico. New York: Cornell University Press (Comstock Publishing). pp. xii, 571. ISBN 9780801426230.
- ^ Snow, W.A. (1894). "Descriptions of North American Trypetidae, with notes. Paper I". The Kansas University Quarterly. 2: 159–174, 2 pls.
- ^ Curran, Charles Howard (1932). "New species of Trypaneidae, with key to the North American genera" (PDF). American Museum Novitates. 556: 1–19. Retrieved 9 February 2021.
- ^ a b Coquillett, Daniel William (1894). "New North American Trypetidae". The Canadian Entomologist. 26: 71–75. Retrieved 9 February 2021.
- ^ Coquillett, D.W. (1902). "New acalyptrate Diptera from North America". Journal of the New York Entomological Society. 10: 177–191. Retrieved 9 February 2021.
- ^ Wiedemann, Christian R. W. (1830). Aussereuropaische zweiflugelige Insekten. Vol. 2. Hamm: Zweiter Theil. Schulz. pp. xii + 684 pp., 5 pls. Retrieved 21 April 2020.
- ^ Aczél, M.L. (1952). "El genero Euaresta Loew (=Camaromyia Hendel) en la region neotropical". Revista Chilena de Entomología. 2: 147–172. Retrieved 10 February 2021.
- ^ a b Hendel, F. (1914). "Die Bohrfliegen Sudamerikas". Abhandlungen und Berichte des Königl. Zoologischen und Anthropologisch-Etnographischen Museums zu Dresden. (1912)14: 1–84, 4 pls.
- ^ a b Norrbom, A.L. (1993). "New species and phylogenetic analysis of Euaresta Loew (Diptera: Tephritidae) with a key to the species from the Americas south of Mexico". Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 95: 195–209. Retrieved 10 February 2021.
- ^ Lindner, E. (1928). "Die Ausbeute der Deutschen Chaco-Expedition. Diptera. Einleitung, I. Trypetidae und II. Pterocallidae". Konowia. 7: 24–36.
External links
| Euaresta | |
|---|---|
|
| |
| Euaresta aequalis | |
|
Scientific classification
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Diptera |
| Family: | Tephritidae |
| Subfamily: | Tephritinae |
| Tribe: | Tephritini |
| Genus: |
Euaresta Loew, 1873 [1] |
| Type species | |
|
Trypeta festiva Loew, 1872
[1]
| |
| Synonyms | |
Euaresta is a genus of flies in the family Tephritidae that live in plants of the closely related genera Ambrosia, Xanthium, and Dicoria, and feed on their flowers and seeds. [4] [5] [6]
The 15 species of Euaresta are endemic to the Americas, eight being native to North America and seven to South America. Only one specimen has been collected in Central America ( E. toba in El Salvador), and one or two species occur in the Antilles. [4]
Euaresta bullans has been introduced, perhaps accidentally, from South America to California and Arizona, southern Europe, the Middle East, South Africa and Australia, where it attacks spiny cocklebur ( Xanthium spinosum). E. aequalis has been introduced to Fiji and Australia, to act as a biological control agent of common cocklebur ( Xanthium strumarium). E. bella was released in Europe to control ragweed ( Ambrosia artemisiifolia), but did not become established there. [4]
Species
Fifteen species are recognised in the genus Euaresta: [4]
|
|
References
- ^ a b c d e Loew, Hermann (1873). "Monographs of the Diptera of North America. Part III". Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections. 11: vii + 351 +XIII pp., 4 pls. Retrieved 26 January 2021.
- ^ Hendel, Friedrich (1914). "Die Gattungen der Bohrfliegen. (Analytische Ubersicht aller bisher bekannten Gattungen der Tephritinae.)". Wiener Entomologische Zeitung. 33: 73–98. Retrieved 8 February 2021.
- ^ Benjamin, F.H. (1934). "Descriptions of some native trypetid flies with notes on their habits". Technical Bulletin, United States Department of Agriculture. 401: 1–95.
- ^ a b c d Allen L. Norrbom (January 26, 2001). "Euaresta Loew (Diptera: Tephritidae)". The Diptera Site. Agricultural Research Service. Archived from the original on July 9, 2010. Retrieved July 31, 2010.
- ^ Norrbom, A.L.; Carroll, L.E.; Thompson, F.C.; White, I.M; Freidberg, A. (1999). "Systematic Database of Names. Pp. 65-252. In Thompson, F. C. (ed.), Fruit Fly Expert Identification System and Systematic Information Database". Myia. 9: vii + 524.
- ^ Foote, Richard H.; Blanc, P.L.; Norrbom, Allen L. (1993). Handbook of the Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) of America North of Mexico. New York: Cornell University Press (Comstock Publishing). pp. xii, 571. ISBN 9780801426230.
- ^ Snow, W.A. (1894). "Descriptions of North American Trypetidae, with notes. Paper I". The Kansas University Quarterly. 2: 159–174, 2 pls.
- ^ Curran, Charles Howard (1932). "New species of Trypaneidae, with key to the North American genera" (PDF). American Museum Novitates. 556: 1–19. Retrieved 9 February 2021.
- ^ a b Coquillett, Daniel William (1894). "New North American Trypetidae". The Canadian Entomologist. 26: 71–75. Retrieved 9 February 2021.
- ^ Coquillett, D.W. (1902). "New acalyptrate Diptera from North America". Journal of the New York Entomological Society. 10: 177–191. Retrieved 9 February 2021.
- ^ Wiedemann, Christian R. W. (1830). Aussereuropaische zweiflugelige Insekten. Vol. 2. Hamm: Zweiter Theil. Schulz. pp. xii + 684 pp., 5 pls. Retrieved 21 April 2020.
- ^ Aczél, M.L. (1952). "El genero Euaresta Loew (=Camaromyia Hendel) en la region neotropical". Revista Chilena de Entomología. 2: 147–172. Retrieved 10 February 2021.
- ^ a b Hendel, F. (1914). "Die Bohrfliegen Sudamerikas". Abhandlungen und Berichte des Königl. Zoologischen und Anthropologisch-Etnographischen Museums zu Dresden. (1912)14: 1–84, 4 pls.
- ^ a b Norrbom, A.L. (1993). "New species and phylogenetic analysis of Euaresta Loew (Diptera: Tephritidae) with a key to the species from the Americas south of Mexico". Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 95: 195–209. Retrieved 10 February 2021.
- ^ Lindner, E. (1928). "Die Ausbeute der Deutschen Chaco-Expedition. Diptera. Einleitung, I. Trypetidae und II. Pterocallidae". Konowia. 7: 24–36.