Vojvodina is a province in Republic of Serbia and one of the most ethnically diverse regions in Europe[citation needed], home to 25 different ethnicities.
Serbs – There were 1,289,635 Serbs in Vojvodina or 66.76% of the population in the province. Serbs make up an absolute majority in most of the municipalities and large cities of Vojvodina, except in
Subotica (second largest city), which has a mixed population with no absolute majority of any nation (but the Serbian language is spoken by plurality in Subotica). Large cities with a Serb ethnic majority are:
Sremska Mitrovica (87.37%),
Ruma (86.58%),
Inđija (84.87%),
Pančevo (79%),
Novi Sad (78.79%),
Bačka Palanka (78.59%),
Kikinda (75.43%),
Zrenjanin (74.24%),
Vršac (72.26%),
Sombor (63.29%), and
Apatin (62.79%). Other municipalities with a Serb ethnic majority are:
Pećinci (91.1%),
Opovo (86.14%),
Titel (86.51%),
Žabalj (84.69%),
Odžaci (83.16%),
Stara Pazova (82.86%),
Irig (78.53%),
Sremski Karlovci (77.94%),
Šid (77.93%),
Kovin (74.58%),
Bela Crkva (73.21%),
Sečanj (69.3%),
Novi Bečej (67.42%),
Beočin (69.66%),
Temerin (67.56%),
Nova Crnja (67.39%),
Srbobran (65.63%),
Žitište (61.96%),
Alibunar (60.71%),
Kula (58.55%),
Novi Kneževac (57.19%),
Vrbas (55.23%) and
Plandište (51.76%). Serbs are also the largest ethnic group in
Bač (46.86%).
Serbian is one of six official languages of Vojvodina, and is spoken by 76.63% of people in Vojvodina.
Hungarians – There are 251,136 Hungarians in Vojvodina or 13% of the population and they are the second largest ethnic group in the region. Hungarians mostly live in northern Vojvodina (northern
Bačka and northern
Banat). They constitute an absolute majority in 5 municipalities:
Kanjiža (85.13%),
Senta (79.09%),
Ada (75.04%),
Bačka Topola (57.94%), and
Mali Iđoš (53.91%). There are also 3 ethnically mixed municipalities, with no absolute majority held by any nation, in which ethnic Hungarians constitute the largest percent of the population:
Čoka (49.66%),
Bečej (46.34%) and
Subotica (35.65%). About two-thirds of all Hungarians in Vojvodina live in these 8 municipalities.
Hungarian is one of the six official languages of Vojvodina, and is spoken by 14% of inhabitants.
Slovaks – There are 50,321 Slovaks in Vojvodina or 2.6% of population. Slovaks are the third largest ethnic group in Vojvodina. They constitute an absolute majority in
Bački Petrovac municipality (66.41%) and they also constitute the largest percent of the population in
Kovačica municipality (41.07%).
Slovak is one of six official languages of Vojvodina, spoken by 2.71% of the population of the province.
Croats – There are 47,033 Croats in Vojvodina or 2.78% of the population. The largest concentration of Croats could be found in the municipalities of
Apatin (10.42%) and
Subotica (10%). Most of
Bunjevci and almost all of
Šokci of Vojvodina declare themselves as Croats. Also one part of
Yugoslavs of Vojvodina were declaring themselves as Croats before 1971.[1][2]Croatian is one of six official languages of Vojvodina, spoken by 1.04% of the population.
Roma (Gypsy) – There are 42,391 Roma in Vojvodina or 2.19% of the population. The largest concentration of Roma could be found in the municipalities of
Nova Crnja (6.83%),
Beočin (6.51%), and
Novi Kneževac (5.04%). The
Roma language is not official in Vojvodina, but there are TV programs and other publications in the Roma language.
The
Romanians - There are 25,410 Romanians in Vojvodina or 1.32% of the population. The largest concentration of Romanians could be found in the municipalities of
Alibunar (24.1%) and
Vršac (10.4%). They settled in Banat during great migrations of Balkanic peoples caused by Ottoman conquest (1552–1716), and also during Austrian administration (1716–1776).[3] According to theories of
origin of Romanians, they emanated from
Romanization of the
Roman Province of
Dacia, i.e. they descending from the
antique populations of
Dacians (
Getae,
Thracians) and Roman legionnaires and colonists. It is assumed that this Romance population survived great migrations of early Middle Ages somewhere in Transylvanian mountains,[4][5] from where it later spread to Wallachia, Moldova, Banat and other areas.
Romanian is one of six official languages of Vojvodina, spoken by 1.08% of inhabitants.
Montenegrins - there are 22,141 declared ethnic Montenegrins in Vojvodina or 1.15% of the population. This does not includine those who identify as Montenegrin on a regional or national basis yet proclaim a
Serbian identity. They were settled in Vojvodina during the 20th century, mostly shortly after World War II. The largest concentration of Montenegrins could be found in the municipalities of
Vrbas (17.47%),
Mali Iđoš (16.26%), and
Kula (10.06%). Settlements in Vojvodina with Montenegrin majority are:
Lovćenac (
Mali Iđoš municipality),
Kruščić (
Kula municipality), and
Savino Selo (
Vrbas municipality).
Bunjevci – Bunjevci are small ethnic group whose members mostly live in northern Vojvodina. There are 16,469 Bunjevci in Vojvodina.[6][7][8] The largest concentration of Bunjevci could be found in the municipalities of
Subotica (9.57%) and
Sombor (2.4%). Members of Bunjevci community are divided according to declaration of nationality and many also declare themselves as Croats or Yugoslavs. This nationality division also divide some Bunjevac families and there are many cases in which one sibling has declared as Bunjevac, while the other one has declared as
Croat.[9] They speak (or have spoken) a specific Ikavian-
Shtokavian dialect of
Serbo-Croatian language. In census, they declare their language as
Bunjevac or
Serbian.
Rusyns – There are 13,928 Rusyns in Vojvodina and constitute 0.72% of the population. The largest concentration of Rusyns could be found in the municipalities of
Kula (11.16%),
Vrbas (8.21%),
Žabalj (5.11%), and
Šid (3.38%). Rusyn language is one of six official languages of Vojvodina and is spoken by 0.57% of the population. The
Rusyn language is spoken mostly in Vojvodina and it is classified as western
Slavic, thought it shares many similarities with
Slovak. There is also a
Rusyn language in
Ukraine, but it is a different language classified as eastern Slavic.
Yugoslavs
Yugoslavs – There are 12,176 Yugoslavs in Vojvodina or 0.63% of the population. They mostly speak
Serbian.
Macedonians- There are 10,392 Macedonians in Vojvodina. They settled in Vojvodina during the 20th century, mostly after World War II. The largest concentration of Macedonians could be found in the municipalities of
Plandište (9.19%) and
Pančevo (3.69%). They mostly speak
Macedonian among themselves.
Ukrainians
Ukrainians – There are 4,202 Ukrainians in Vojvodina or 0.54% of the population. The largest concentration of Ukrainians could be found in the municipalities of
Kula (2.99%) and
Vrbas (1.99%). They mostly speak
Ukrainian.
Ethnic Muslims
Ethnic Muslims – There are 3,360 declared Muslims (by ethnicity) in Vojvodina. They mostly speak the Serbian language. The largest concentration of ethnic Muslims could be found in the municipality of
Bač (1.18%). The number of
Muslims in the sense of followers of
Islam is significantly higher.[citation needed]
Germans – There are 3,272 Germans or
Danube Swabians in Vojvodina. They are part of a group that came in a couple of waves, mostly in the 18th century. The older ones mostly speak a form of
Swabian German, with all of the children now fluent in
Serbian, and often knowing
High German (for economic reasons). The German population of Vojvodina was more numerous in the past (about 350,000 before
World War II). More than 250,000 left during the withdrawal of German forces. As a consequence of the World War II events in Yugoslavia, the Yugoslav Communist government took a reprisals on ethnic citizens of German origin in Yugoslavia (including Vojvodina): they had their citizenship revoked and their belongings and houses were nationalized and taken from them. Between 1944 and 1946, a prison camp system was established for Yugoslav citizens of German origin, usually in settlements where they lived. After prison camps were abolished, ethnic Germans of Yugoslavia regained their rights and citizenship and most of them emigrated to
Germany or
Austria in the following years because of economic reasons. Before this war, the largest concentrations of Germans were in the municipalities of
Odžaci (68.9%),
Vrbas (61.1%), and
Apatin (60.3%).
Albanians
Albanians – There were 2,251 Albanians in Vojvodina or 0.12% of the population.
Czechs – There are 1,648 Czechs in Vojvodina. They mostly speak
Czech. The largest concentration of Czechs could be found in the municipality of
Bela Crkva (3.99%). The only settlement in Vojvodina with Czech majority is
Češko Selo in the
Bela Crkva municipality.
Jews – There were 206 ethnic Jews in
Novi Sad city according to the 2002 census. The Jewish population of Vojvodina was quite large in the past (about 19,000 before World War II), but most of these Jews were killed or deported during the
Axis occupation in World War II. The language of Vojvodina Jews was
Yiddish,
German or
Hungarian, with many families bilingual (or even trilingual).
^(in Serbian)Služba za opšte i zajedničke poslove pokrajinskih organa AP Vojvodine - KOLIKO SE POZNAJEMO?Archived 2010-08-26 at the
Wayback Machine Prema popisu iz 1921. godine Bunjevaca, Šokaca i Hrvata bilo je oko 140.000 ili oko 9% stanovništva. Na popisu iz 1948. godine 132.948 građana Vojvodine ili 8,2% izjasnilo se kao Hrvati, a po najnovijem popisu tek svaki četrdeseti stanovnik Pokrajine je hrvatske nacionalnosti. Broj Hrvata se smanjuje zbog niskog nataliteta, dobrovoljnog ili nasilnog odlaska iz zemlje tokom devedesetih godina i zbog podele prilikom popisa stanovništva na Hrvate, Bunjevce, Šokce i dobrim delom Jugoslovene onih kojih su se do popisa iz 1971. godine izjašnjavali kao Hrvati.
^By the order of Supreme Peoples Liberation Board of Vojvodina from May 14, 1945, Bunjevci and Šokci had to be described as ethnic "Croats" in all official documents, no matter of their self-declaring.
[1]
^Popis stanovništva, domaćinstava i stanova u 2002. - Stanovništvo - knjiga 1 - nacionalna ili etnička pripadnost (podaci po naseljima), Republika Srbija - Republički zavod za statistiku, Beograd, februar 2003.
^Popis stanovništva, domaćinstava i stanova u 2002. - Stanovništvo - knjiga 3 - Veroispovest, maternji jezik i nacionalna ili etnička pripadnost prema starosti i polu (podaci po opštinama), Republika Srbija - Republički zavod za statistiku, Beograd, maj 2003.
Vojvodina is a province in Republic of Serbia and one of the most ethnically diverse regions in Europe[citation needed], home to 25 different ethnicities.
Serbs – There were 1,289,635 Serbs in Vojvodina or 66.76% of the population in the province. Serbs make up an absolute majority in most of the municipalities and large cities of Vojvodina, except in
Subotica (second largest city), which has a mixed population with no absolute majority of any nation (but the Serbian language is spoken by plurality in Subotica). Large cities with a Serb ethnic majority are:
Sremska Mitrovica (87.37%),
Ruma (86.58%),
Inđija (84.87%),
Pančevo (79%),
Novi Sad (78.79%),
Bačka Palanka (78.59%),
Kikinda (75.43%),
Zrenjanin (74.24%),
Vršac (72.26%),
Sombor (63.29%), and
Apatin (62.79%). Other municipalities with a Serb ethnic majority are:
Pećinci (91.1%),
Opovo (86.14%),
Titel (86.51%),
Žabalj (84.69%),
Odžaci (83.16%),
Stara Pazova (82.86%),
Irig (78.53%),
Sremski Karlovci (77.94%),
Šid (77.93%),
Kovin (74.58%),
Bela Crkva (73.21%),
Sečanj (69.3%),
Novi Bečej (67.42%),
Beočin (69.66%),
Temerin (67.56%),
Nova Crnja (67.39%),
Srbobran (65.63%),
Žitište (61.96%),
Alibunar (60.71%),
Kula (58.55%),
Novi Kneževac (57.19%),
Vrbas (55.23%) and
Plandište (51.76%). Serbs are also the largest ethnic group in
Bač (46.86%).
Serbian is one of six official languages of Vojvodina, and is spoken by 76.63% of people in Vojvodina.
Hungarians – There are 251,136 Hungarians in Vojvodina or 13% of the population and they are the second largest ethnic group in the region. Hungarians mostly live in northern Vojvodina (northern
Bačka and northern
Banat). They constitute an absolute majority in 5 municipalities:
Kanjiža (85.13%),
Senta (79.09%),
Ada (75.04%),
Bačka Topola (57.94%), and
Mali Iđoš (53.91%). There are also 3 ethnically mixed municipalities, with no absolute majority held by any nation, in which ethnic Hungarians constitute the largest percent of the population:
Čoka (49.66%),
Bečej (46.34%) and
Subotica (35.65%). About two-thirds of all Hungarians in Vojvodina live in these 8 municipalities.
Hungarian is one of the six official languages of Vojvodina, and is spoken by 14% of inhabitants.
Slovaks – There are 50,321 Slovaks in Vojvodina or 2.6% of population. Slovaks are the third largest ethnic group in Vojvodina. They constitute an absolute majority in
Bački Petrovac municipality (66.41%) and they also constitute the largest percent of the population in
Kovačica municipality (41.07%).
Slovak is one of six official languages of Vojvodina, spoken by 2.71% of the population of the province.
Croats – There are 47,033 Croats in Vojvodina or 2.78% of the population. The largest concentration of Croats could be found in the municipalities of
Apatin (10.42%) and
Subotica (10%). Most of
Bunjevci and almost all of
Šokci of Vojvodina declare themselves as Croats. Also one part of
Yugoslavs of Vojvodina were declaring themselves as Croats before 1971.[1][2]Croatian is one of six official languages of Vojvodina, spoken by 1.04% of the population.
Roma (Gypsy) – There are 42,391 Roma in Vojvodina or 2.19% of the population. The largest concentration of Roma could be found in the municipalities of
Nova Crnja (6.83%),
Beočin (6.51%), and
Novi Kneževac (5.04%). The
Roma language is not official in Vojvodina, but there are TV programs and other publications in the Roma language.
The
Romanians - There are 25,410 Romanians in Vojvodina or 1.32% of the population. The largest concentration of Romanians could be found in the municipalities of
Alibunar (24.1%) and
Vršac (10.4%). They settled in Banat during great migrations of Balkanic peoples caused by Ottoman conquest (1552–1716), and also during Austrian administration (1716–1776).[3] According to theories of
origin of Romanians, they emanated from
Romanization of the
Roman Province of
Dacia, i.e. they descending from the
antique populations of
Dacians (
Getae,
Thracians) and Roman legionnaires and colonists. It is assumed that this Romance population survived great migrations of early Middle Ages somewhere in Transylvanian mountains,[4][5] from where it later spread to Wallachia, Moldova, Banat and other areas.
Romanian is one of six official languages of Vojvodina, spoken by 1.08% of inhabitants.
Montenegrins - there are 22,141 declared ethnic Montenegrins in Vojvodina or 1.15% of the population. This does not includine those who identify as Montenegrin on a regional or national basis yet proclaim a
Serbian identity. They were settled in Vojvodina during the 20th century, mostly shortly after World War II. The largest concentration of Montenegrins could be found in the municipalities of
Vrbas (17.47%),
Mali Iđoš (16.26%), and
Kula (10.06%). Settlements in Vojvodina with Montenegrin majority are:
Lovćenac (
Mali Iđoš municipality),
Kruščić (
Kula municipality), and
Savino Selo (
Vrbas municipality).
Bunjevci – Bunjevci are small ethnic group whose members mostly live in northern Vojvodina. There are 16,469 Bunjevci in Vojvodina.[6][7][8] The largest concentration of Bunjevci could be found in the municipalities of
Subotica (9.57%) and
Sombor (2.4%). Members of Bunjevci community are divided according to declaration of nationality and many also declare themselves as Croats or Yugoslavs. This nationality division also divide some Bunjevac families and there are many cases in which one sibling has declared as Bunjevac, while the other one has declared as
Croat.[9] They speak (or have spoken) a specific Ikavian-
Shtokavian dialect of
Serbo-Croatian language. In census, they declare their language as
Bunjevac or
Serbian.
Rusyns – There are 13,928 Rusyns in Vojvodina and constitute 0.72% of the population. The largest concentration of Rusyns could be found in the municipalities of
Kula (11.16%),
Vrbas (8.21%),
Žabalj (5.11%), and
Šid (3.38%). Rusyn language is one of six official languages of Vojvodina and is spoken by 0.57% of the population. The
Rusyn language is spoken mostly in Vojvodina and it is classified as western
Slavic, thought it shares many similarities with
Slovak. There is also a
Rusyn language in
Ukraine, but it is a different language classified as eastern Slavic.
Yugoslavs
Yugoslavs – There are 12,176 Yugoslavs in Vojvodina or 0.63% of the population. They mostly speak
Serbian.
Macedonians- There are 10,392 Macedonians in Vojvodina. They settled in Vojvodina during the 20th century, mostly after World War II. The largest concentration of Macedonians could be found in the municipalities of
Plandište (9.19%) and
Pančevo (3.69%). They mostly speak
Macedonian among themselves.
Ukrainians
Ukrainians – There are 4,202 Ukrainians in Vojvodina or 0.54% of the population. The largest concentration of Ukrainians could be found in the municipalities of
Kula (2.99%) and
Vrbas (1.99%). They mostly speak
Ukrainian.
Ethnic Muslims
Ethnic Muslims – There are 3,360 declared Muslims (by ethnicity) in Vojvodina. They mostly speak the Serbian language. The largest concentration of ethnic Muslims could be found in the municipality of
Bač (1.18%). The number of
Muslims in the sense of followers of
Islam is significantly higher.[citation needed]
Germans – There are 3,272 Germans or
Danube Swabians in Vojvodina. They are part of a group that came in a couple of waves, mostly in the 18th century. The older ones mostly speak a form of
Swabian German, with all of the children now fluent in
Serbian, and often knowing
High German (for economic reasons). The German population of Vojvodina was more numerous in the past (about 350,000 before
World War II). More than 250,000 left during the withdrawal of German forces. As a consequence of the World War II events in Yugoslavia, the Yugoslav Communist government took a reprisals on ethnic citizens of German origin in Yugoslavia (including Vojvodina): they had their citizenship revoked and their belongings and houses were nationalized and taken from them. Between 1944 and 1946, a prison camp system was established for Yugoslav citizens of German origin, usually in settlements where they lived. After prison camps were abolished, ethnic Germans of Yugoslavia regained their rights and citizenship and most of them emigrated to
Germany or
Austria in the following years because of economic reasons. Before this war, the largest concentrations of Germans were in the municipalities of
Odžaci (68.9%),
Vrbas (61.1%), and
Apatin (60.3%).
Albanians
Albanians – There were 2,251 Albanians in Vojvodina or 0.12% of the population.
Czechs – There are 1,648 Czechs in Vojvodina. They mostly speak
Czech. The largest concentration of Czechs could be found in the municipality of
Bela Crkva (3.99%). The only settlement in Vojvodina with Czech majority is
Češko Selo in the
Bela Crkva municipality.
Jews – There were 206 ethnic Jews in
Novi Sad city according to the 2002 census. The Jewish population of Vojvodina was quite large in the past (about 19,000 before World War II), but most of these Jews were killed or deported during the
Axis occupation in World War II. The language of Vojvodina Jews was
Yiddish,
German or
Hungarian, with many families bilingual (or even trilingual).
^(in Serbian)Služba za opšte i zajedničke poslove pokrajinskih organa AP Vojvodine - KOLIKO SE POZNAJEMO?Archived 2010-08-26 at the
Wayback Machine Prema popisu iz 1921. godine Bunjevaca, Šokaca i Hrvata bilo je oko 140.000 ili oko 9% stanovništva. Na popisu iz 1948. godine 132.948 građana Vojvodine ili 8,2% izjasnilo se kao Hrvati, a po najnovijem popisu tek svaki četrdeseti stanovnik Pokrajine je hrvatske nacionalnosti. Broj Hrvata se smanjuje zbog niskog nataliteta, dobrovoljnog ili nasilnog odlaska iz zemlje tokom devedesetih godina i zbog podele prilikom popisa stanovništva na Hrvate, Bunjevce, Šokce i dobrim delom Jugoslovene onih kojih su se do popisa iz 1971. godine izjašnjavali kao Hrvati.
^By the order of Supreme Peoples Liberation Board of Vojvodina from May 14, 1945, Bunjevci and Šokci had to be described as ethnic "Croats" in all official documents, no matter of their self-declaring.
[1]
^Popis stanovništva, domaćinstava i stanova u 2002. - Stanovništvo - knjiga 1 - nacionalna ili etnička pripadnost (podaci po naseljima), Republika Srbija - Republički zavod za statistiku, Beograd, februar 2003.
^Popis stanovništva, domaćinstava i stanova u 2002. - Stanovništvo - knjiga 3 - Veroispovest, maternji jezik i nacionalna ili etnička pripadnost prema starosti i polu (podaci po opštinama), Republika Srbija - Republički zavod za statistiku, Beograd, maj 2003.